接种解有机磷细菌对滇重楼品质及土壤肥力的影响

目的 研究接种不同解有机磷细菌或复合菌对滇重楼药材品质及根际土壤肥力的影响，为滇重楼人工栽培中生物菌肥的研制和施用提供参考。方法 采用单因素室内盆栽的方式，试验设空白（CK）组、接种Bacillus mycoides（S1）组、接种B. wiedmannii（S2）组、接种B. proteolyticus（S3）组、接种B. mycoides和B. wiedmannii（S4）组、接种菌株B. mycoides和B. proteolyticus（S5）组、接种B. wiedmannii和B. proteolyticus（S6）组、接种B. mycoides、B. wiedmannii和B. proteolyticus（S7）组8个处理，分析接种解有机磷细菌对滇重楼根茎总皂苷含量及根际土壤中微生物数量、酶活性和养分含量影响。结果 接种解有机磷细菌的7个处理中，滇重楼根茎总皂苷含量与CK组比较分别增加了16.42%、3.83%、16.86%、33.69%、2.11%、13.44%、28.83%；接种解有机磷细菌均不同程度增加了土壤微生物数量，以S6和S7组的效果最为显著；接种解有机磷细菌提高了酶活性，以S7组效果最为显著，酸性磷酸酶、中性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶、蛋白酶、蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶的活性分别比CK组高49.96%、104.67%、110.17%、99.61%、26.26%、11.29%；接种解有机磷细菌降低了根际土壤pH，提高了土壤速效养分含量，S7组处理下，滇重楼根际土壤碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量分别比CK组高181.46%、51.64%、42.62%；相关性分析表明，总皂苷与磷酸酶活性之间呈显著正相关，土壤微生物与土壤酶活性呈显著正相关，土壤各种养分之间呈极显著正相关。结论 接种不同解有机磷细菌或复合菌能提高滇重楼品质和根际土壤肥力，其中以混合接种3种解有机磷细菌效果最佳。     

Craniofacial bone atrophy in Parry Romberg syndrome demonstrated using a Bayesian hierarchical model

PurposeParry Romberg syndrome (PRS) is a condition characterized by progressive hemifacial atrophy, predominantly affecting the soft tissues. Associated bone retraction is a common clinical feature of PRS but has never been assessed. Here we used 3D imaging and Bayesian statistics in order to demonstrate and quantify bone atrophy in PRS.Materials and methodsTen non-operated patients with PRS (4/10 males) and 12 age-matched controls (7/12 males) were included into the study. The average age at CT-scan was 9.67 ± 4.13 years for PRS patients and 12.5 ± 4.37 years for controls. Soft and hard tissue atrophy levels were quantified using computed tomography scans, based on the distances between surfaces of the affected side and the non-affected contralateral side, both for the skin and the bone. We used a hierarchical Bayesian model with clinical priors in order to assess the relationship between hard and soft tissue atrophies.ResultsPRS patients had significant hard tissue atrophy, and atrophy extents were similar for soft and hard tissues. There was a trend for a correlation between the extent of hard tissue retraction and the extent of soft tissue retraction, and we could not demonstrate that the relationship between hard and soft tissue retractions was different in PRS and controls.ConclusionOur results indicated that bone atrophy was most probably a primary process rather than a phenomenon secondary to soft tissue retraction. We have provided the first assessment of bone atrophy in PRS patients using Bayesian statistics.     

Paris saponin VII inhibits growth of colorectal cancer cells through Ras signaling pathway

Dysregulation of the Ras signaling pathway plays a key role in the progression of colorectal cancer. When bound to GTP, Ras is activated and stimulates several downstream effectors’ pathways, including the Raf/MEK/ERK kinase cascade, the PI3-kinase/AKT/mTor pathway, and the Ral GTPase pathway. Saponins extracted from Liliaceae family herbs have strong antitumor activities with low toxicity. In this study, Paris saponin VII (PSVII), isolated from Trillium tschonoskii Maxim., was evaluated on human colorectal cancer cells (HT-29 and SW-620), a mouse model of colitis associated colorectal cancer (CACC) and a murine model of xenograft tumor. It was found that PSVII inhibited colorectal cancer cell growth in a concentration-dependent manner. The IC₅₀ values of PSVII for growth inhibition of HT-29 and SW-620 cells were 1.02 ± 0.05 μM and 4.90 ± 0.23 μM. It could induce cell apoptosis, together with cell cycle arrest in G₁ phase, and trigger apoptosis in a caspase-3-dependent manner. PSVII-induced growth inhibitory effect was associated with disturbance of MAPK pathway by down-regulating MEK1/2, ERK1/2 phosphorylation, and suppression of AKT pathway by reducing AKT and GSK-3β phosphorylation. In the CACC mouse model, PSVII protected mice from intestinal toxicities and carcinogenesis induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). In the model of xenograft tumor, PSVII remarkably decreased the xenograft tumor size and triggered the apoptosis of tumor cells. Both in vitro and in vivo study showed that PSVII inhibited Ras activity. Taken together, PSVII might be a potential therapeutic reagent for colorectal cancer through targeting Ras signaling pathway.     

帕瑞昔布钠超前镇痛在骨科下肢手术中的应用

目的观察帕瑞昔布钠超前镇痛对不同年龄骨科下肢手术患者的镇痛效果。方法选择在该院接受治疗的骨科下肢择期手术患者80例为研究对象,根据年龄分为A组与B组,再按帕瑞昔布钠使用时间进一步分为A1、A2、A3、B1、B2、B3组,A1、B1组：术前30 min给予40 mg帕瑞昔布钠静脉推注;A2、B2组：手术结束后给予40 mg帕瑞昔布钠静脉推注;A3、B3组：在术前、术后均不使用帕瑞昔布钠,观察两组的疼痛程度（VAS评分）、镇静深度（RSS评分）等。结果使用帕瑞昔布钠比未使用帕瑞昔布钠的术后VAS评分要低;帕瑞昔布钠使用总量比较A1组0.05）。结论在骨科下肢手术中利用帕瑞昔布钠镇痛,具有良好的临床效果,对于成年、老年患者,超前使用帕瑞昔布钠镇痛效果更佳。     

Total effective compliance of the vascular bed in essential hypertension

Total effective vascular compliance, hemodynamic parameters, cardiopulmonary (CPBV) and total blood volumes (TBV) were determined in 31 men, including nine normotensive controls and 22 permanent essential hypertensive patients. The effective compliance was calculated from the changes in central venous pressure recorded simultaneously with the changes in blood volume obtained after a rapid dextran infusion. In hypertensives, compliance was significantly reduced (1.55 +/- 0.6 vs 2.25 +/- 0.11 ml./mm. Hg/Kg. in controls) (P less than 0.001) and negatively correlated with blood pressure (P less than 0.01), cardiac index (P less than 0.01), and the CPBV/TBV ratio (P less than 0.01). These results suggest that venous compliance contributes to the control of cardiac output in essential hypertension.     

Effect of exogenous insulin on glucose kinetics in rats with noninsulin-dependent diabetes

Noninsulin-dependent diabetes (NIDD) was induced in adult female rats by neonatal administration of streptozotocin. Despite elevated basal plasma glucose values in the postabsorptive state (196 +/- 16 mg/100 mL as compared to 118 +/- 7 in the controls), the glucose disappearance rate measured after the intravenous glucose load was not significantly lower in the diabetic than in control rats. In contrast, in vivo glucose-induced insulin release was drastically reduced, thus suggesting that endogenous insulin was more effective on the target tissues of the diabetic rats. Glucose kinetics (glucose production, utilization, and clearance) in response to intravenous insulin injection were studied in anesthetized postabsorptive diabetic and control female rats using [6-3H] glucose. With a maximal dose of insulin (0.5 U/kg body weight) no difference in blood glucose-lowering effect of insulin was found between the 2 groups. With 2 submaximal insulin doses (0.15 and 0.3 U/kg body weight), glucose production was inhibited more rapidly and more efficiently in diabetic rats than in control rats: 2 minutes after the 0.15 U/kg insulin injection, endogenous glucose production fell by 79 +/- 5% in the diabetics while being unchanged in the controls and the maximal decrease of glucose production after the same insulin injection was significantly greater in the diabetic rats (79 +/- 5% at 2 minutes) compared to the controls (33 +/- 4% at 6 min). The rise of glucose clearance in response to insulin was not significantly different in the 2 groups. These findings are discussed in view of the increased insulin clearance rate in these diabetic females.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)