Survival of cervical cancer patients in Germany in the early 21st century: A period analysis by age, histology, and stage

Abstract Purpose. Population-based studies on cervical cancer providing survival estimates by age, histology, and stage have been sparse. We aimed to derive most up-to-date and detailed survival estimates for cervical cancer patients in Germany. Methods. We used a pooled German national dataset including data from 11 cancer registries covering a population of 33 million people. Included were 15 685 patients diagnosed with cervical cancer from 1997 to 2006. Period analysis was performed to calculate the five-year relative survival (RS) 2002-2006. Trends in survival between 2002 and 2006 were examined using model-based period analysis. Age-adjustment was done using five age groups (15-44, 45-54, 55-64, 65-74, and 75 + years). Results. Overall, age-adjusted five-year relative survival in 2002-2006 was 64.7%. A strong age gradient was observed, with five-year RS decreasing from 81.7% in age group 15-49 years to 46.3% in age group 70 + years. Prognosis furthermore strongly varied by stage, with age-adjusted five-year RS reaching 84.6% for localized, 48.2% for regional, and 17.9% for distant stage. From 2002 to 2006, a significant improvement (4.7 percent units) in overall age-adjusted five-year RS was seen. The improvement was most pronounced for age groups 55-64 years (from 54.2 to 65.6%) and 65-74 years (from 50.0 to 58.1%). Conclusion. In this first comprehensive population-based study from Germany, prognosis of cervical cancer strongly varied by age and stage. Prognosis continued to improve, in particular in age range 55-74 years, in the five-year period assessed.     

一种高精度Holter ECG监测系统中的滤波电路设计

目的:介绍一种高精度动态心电图(Holter ECG)采集系统中的模拟滤波电路设计。方法:滤波电路设计采用AD8220作为前置放大器,OPA2604作为有源滤波器的基本单元,使用抗混叠滤波、双T陷波网络等技术。结果:该模拟滤波电路有效地解决了在ECG信号采集过程中所出现的信号混叠、噪声干扰等问题。结论:该模拟滤波电路实际应用到高精度Holter ECG采集系统中,可有效提高ECG信号进入AD转换之前的精度,最大化降低信号干扰对ECG采集系统所造成的影响,使得ECG数字化分析更加简便、准确,满足Holter ECG采集系统的稳定性、高精度的设计需求,具有一定的实用价值。     

公共卫生应急移动指挥通信平台通信系统的研究

目的:加强卫生应急队伍通信装备建设,实现卫生应急队伍通信装备的专业化、规范化及标准化配备,以适应卫生应急工作的需要。方法:使用先进、成熟的通信技术,通过模块化的组合保障在突发公共卫生应急状态下通信系统的畅通。结果:根据公共卫生应急工作的需要,省级卫生机构应配备相应的应急移动指挥通信平台,制定公共卫生应急移动指挥通信平台标准技术规范等,保证在突发公共卫生应急事件中的互联互通,为制定应急处置方案提供通信保障。结论:公共卫生应急机动指挥通信系统是应对突发事件、卫生应急处置的重要手段,是可移动的指挥中心和平台。保障可在第一时间了解现场具体情况,为决策提供及时、真实的信息。     

个体化口腔卫生指导对种植体周围黏膜炎治疗效果的影响

目的:探讨个体化口腔卫生指导对种植体周围黏膜炎的临床疗效的影响。方法:将36名种植体周围黏膜炎患者随机分为实验组和对照组。对照组用碳纤维工作头对种植体周围进行刮治,不作口腔卫生指导;实验组用同样方法刮治后进行个体化口腔卫生指导。分别于术后第1,3,6周记录改良菌斑指数(mPLI)、改良龈沟出血指数(mSBI)、探诊深度(PD)以评价口腔卫生指导的效果。结果:在第1周,两组病例各指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。到第3,6周,实验组与对照组相比mPLI及mSBI改善效果明显,两组PD稳定。结论:个体化口腔卫生指导可以有效提高种植体周围黏膜炎的治疗效果。     

基于文献计量的国内外转化医学研究热点与前沿分析

目的 揭示国内外转化医学领域的研究热点与前沿,为我国相关机构开展转化医学研究提供借鉴.方法 基于文献计量学方法,利用Web of Science数据库及中国知网数据库,分别以"translational medicine"和"转化医学"为主题词,检索国内外2001-2020年转化医学领域相关文献.利用可视化软件CiteSpace和VOSviewer进行计量分析.结果 国内外转化医学研究热点相对吻合,研究热点主要集中在转化医学理念与发展模式、肿瘤诊断与精准治疗、干细胞转化研究、3D生物打印与组织工程、精准医学与基因组学5个方面,其中3D生物打印与组织工程、组学数据分析逐渐成为新的研究趋势.国外研究成果以研究型为主,主要研究内容为肿瘤、干细胞、组织工程、基因组学;而我国研究成果以综述型居多,研究主题侧重探讨转化医学学科建设与人才培养、转化医学平台建设及协作机制等.结论 目前国内外涉及转化医学的研究成果较为丰富,但从总体发展趋势看,我国转化医学研究在发展水平上与国外存在一定的差距.随着精准医疗、大数据分析等前沿技术的发展,我国转化医学应借助创新技术加强资源整合与多方协作,加快技术转化,搭建起基础和临床沟通的桥梁.     

原发性硬化性胆管炎的影像学研究进展

原发性硬化性胆管炎(PSC)以肝内外胆管进行性炎症、增生和纤维化为主要特征,是自身免疫性肝病的一种.其发病机制不明,预后不佳.影像学检查对于诊断 PSC 具有重要作用,经内镜逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP)及磁共振胆胰管成像(MRCP)是常用的影像诊断技术.就 PSC 影像诊断方面的研究进展作一综述,以期提高对本病的认识.     

北京地区体力劳动已婚男性性生活频率与年龄的关系分析

目的调查北京地区体力劳动行业已婚男性性生活频率状况,探讨年龄对该人群性生活频率的影响.方法对676例在中日友好医院男科做生殖健康检查的20~40岁的体力劳动成年已婚男性进行问卷调查,分析性生活频率与年龄的相关性.结果(1)北京地区体力劳动已婚成年男性平均性生活频率为(8.35±4.41)次/月;(2)20岁~,25岁~,3 0岁~,35~4 0岁年龄组性生活频率分别为(11.07±5.04)次/月、(9.44±4.35)次/月、(7.71±4.19)次/月、(6.54±3.52)次/月,各组之间有显著性差异.(3)20~40年龄组内,性生活频率与年龄呈显著的负相关性.结论在体力劳动行业20~40岁已婚男性中,随着年龄的增加,性生活频率降低.     

Does the clinical outcome of hepatitis C infection vary with the infecting hepatitis C virus type?

Whether differences in the natural history of hepatitis C virus (HCV) can be explained by differences in the infecting HCV type is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the HCV type might influence the clinical outcome of infection. Study serum samples were assembled from 749 individuals enrolled into the UK HCV National Register from which data on clinical outcomes were extracted. HCV-RNA-positive specimens were genotyped and HCV-RNA-negative specimens serotyped. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the independent effect of HCV type on viral clearance by comparing patients who were HCV RNA negative (n = 86) with those who were HCV RNA positive (n = 508). The same method was used to investigate whether HCV type was associated with histological stage of liver disease. The prevalence of HCV type 1 among those who cleared infection was 69% and among those who remained HCV RNA positive was 51%: Type 1 infections were more likely to be HCV RNA negative than non-1 types (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.29-0.78, P = 0.003). Type 1 infections were also more likely to be associated with histological stage scores above the median when compared with non-1 types (OR 2.03, 95% CI 1.07-3.83, P = 0.03). In conclusion, HCV type 1 infection was more often HCV RNA negative, suggesting that spontaneous clearance may occur more commonly with this type. Among the RNA-positive infections, type 1 infection may be more aggressive than types 2/3.     

经鼻和/或静脉给予舒芬太尼用于宫腔镜手术病人的清醒镇痛

目的:比较经鼻和/或静脉给予舒芬太尼用于宫腔镜手术病人清醒镇痛的效果。方法:择期拟行宫腔镜手术的病人60例,ASA I或II级,年龄(28~48)岁,随机分为3组(n=20):Ⅰ组缓慢静脉注射舒芬太尼0.3μg/kg,II组缓慢静脉注射舒芬太尼0.1μg/kg,同时鼻腔滴入舒芬太尼0.26μg/kg,Ⅲ组鼻腔滴入舒芬太尼0.39μg/kg(舒芬太尼鼻腔给药生物利用度可达78%)。术中根据情况酌情追加丙泊酚(0.5～1.0)mg/kg。记录静脉注射咪达唑仑0.03 mg/kg,2min后(T0)、给予舒芬太尼后(2、4、6、8)min(T1-4)及手术开始时(T5)的平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)、脉搏氧饱和度(SpO2)、呼吸次数(RR)的数值;并分别记录镇痛评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)、体动反应,以及术中需要追加丙泊酚、术后发生不良反应的例数。结果:与To时相比,各组T14时MAP降低,I组在T12时HR,SpO2降低(P<0.05或0.01)。与Ⅱ组相比,I组恶心呕吐,呼吸抑制例数增多;Ⅲ组发生体动反应的例数及需要追加丙泊酚的例数增多(P<0.01);VAS评分Ⅰ组降低,而Ⅲ组则增高(P<0.05)。结论:舒芬太尼鼻腔给药复合少量静脉注射用于宫腔镜手术病人的清醒镇痛,对呼吸循环影响小,镇痛效果好,不良反应少。