老年患者腹腔镜胆道切开取石T管引流术的护理

目的：研究老年结石患者运用腹腔镜胆道切开取石术后进行T管引流的护理。方法选择我院2012年9月~2013年9月诊治的86例进行腹腔镜胆道切开T管引流术的患者,根据老年患者的心理以及生理特点进行术前心理宣教和护理,有针对性的实施老年基础病以及并发症的护理,根据每个阶段的情况实施相应的护理措施。结果根据老年患者每个阶段的具体特点制定有针对性的护理计划,能够有效的提升护理效果。结论降低并发症的出现,提升老年患者的手术配合率,提升老年患者的手术成功率以及预后效果。     

妇产科手术后疼痛的护理

目的：探究产科手术后的切口疼痛的临床护理措施。方法选择2013年4月~2014年3月在我院接受妇产科手术的226例患者作为研究对象,观察其手术后疼痛情况,并给予针对性的药物镇痛及心理护理进行有效的疼痛干预。结果减轻了患者手术后的疼痛感,缩短住院时间的同时,还避免了并发症的发生。结论对妇产科术后出现的疼痛进行综合性处理,可以有效促进患者渡过手术后的恢复期。     

Pulmonary Artery Denervation for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Sham-Controlled Randomized PADN-CFDA Trial

BackgroundWorld Health Organization (WHO) group 1 pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive, debilitating disease. Previous observational studies have demonstrated that pulmonary artery denervation (PADN) reduces pulmonary artery pressures in PAH. However, the safety and effectiveness of PADN have not been established in a randomized trial.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine the treatment effects of PADN in patients with group 1 PAH.MethodsPatients with WHO group 1 PAH not taking PAH-specific drugs for at least 30 days were enrolled in a multicenter, sham-controlled, single-blind, randomized trial. Patients were assigned to receive PADN plus a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor or a sham procedure plus a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor. The primary endpoint was the between-group difference in the change in 6-minute walk distance from baseline to 6 months.ResultsAmong 128 randomized patients, those treated with PADN compared with sham had a greater improvement in 6-minute walk distance from baseline to 6 months (mean adjusted between-group difference 33.8 m; 95% CI: 16.7-50.9 m; P < 0.001). From baseline to 6 months, pulmonary vascular resistance was reduced by ?3.0 ± 0.3 WU after PADN and ?1.9 ± 0.3 WU after sham (adjusted difference ?1.4; 95% CI: ?2.6 to ?0.2). PADN also improved right ventricular function, reduced tricuspid regurgitation, and decreased N-terminal pro–brain natriuretic peptide. Clinical worsening was less (1.6% vs 13.8%; OR: 0.11; 95% CI: 0.01-0.87), and a satisfactory clinical response was greater (57.1% vs 32.3%; OR: 2.79; 95% CI: 1.37-5.82) with PADN treatment during 6-month follow-up.ConclusionsIn patients with WHO group 1 PAH, PADN improved exercise capacity, hemodynamic status, and clinical outcomes during 6-month follow-up. (Safety and Efficacy of Pulmonary Artery Denervation in Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension [PADN-CFDA]; NCT03282266)     

Old measures and new scores in spinal muscular atrophy patients

Introduction: A recent Rasch analysis performed on the Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale—Expanded (HFMSE) in patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) identified issues impacting scale validity, redundant items, and disordered thresholds on some items. Methods: We modified the HMFSE scoring based on the Rasch analysis and on expert consensus to establish whether the traditional scoring overestimated the number of patients with changes within 2 points from baseline. Data were collected retrospectively from multicenter data sets in 255 type 2 and 3 SMA patients. Results: The mean 12‐month changes using the new and the traditional scoring system did not differ significantly (P > 0.05). The numbers of patients who improved or decreased by >2 points were also similar. Conclusions: The presence of outliers using the traditional scoring system was not due to overestimation of changes in activities that were tested bilaterally or to discrepancies in the scoring hierarchy of individual items. Muscle Nerve 52:435–437, 2015     

Outcome measures in neuromuscular disease: is the world still flat?

Valid, responsive, and meaningful outcome measures for the measurement of the impairment, activity limitations, and quality of life in patients with neuromuscular disease are crucial to identify the natural history of disease and benefits of therapy in clinical practice and trials. Although understanding of many aspects of neuromuscular diseases has advanced dramatically, the development of outcome measures has received less attention. The scales developed from Rasch theory by the PeriNomS Group represent the biggest significant shift in thought in neuromuscular outcome measures for decades. There remain problems with many of them, and further developments are required. However, incorporating them into our outcome sets for daily use and in clinical trials will lead to the more efficient capture of meaningful change and will result in better assessment of individuals and groups of patients in both clinical trials and neurological practice.     

单纯甲状腺肿瘤患者术后并发症的观察及护理对策研究

目的 探究单纯甲状腺肿瘤患者术后并发症的发生情况以及护理对策.方法 选取248例进行手术治疗的单纯甲状腺肿瘤患者作为研究对象,观察并分析患者术后并发症的发生情况以及相对应的护理措施情况.结果 248例单纯甲状腺肿瘤患者术后有30例发生并发症,其中呼吸困难和窒息8例(清创止血、葡萄糖酸钙静推治疗有效8例,有效率为100％)、乳糜漏6例(开放引流治疗有效6例,有效率为100％)、甲状旁腺功能低下5例(葡萄糖酸钙静推治疗有效4例,有效率为80％)、术后出血8例(止血并严密观察生命体征治疗有效8例,有效率为100％)、喉返或喉上神经损伤3例(积极判断神经损伤并及时纠正治疗有效2例,有效率为66.7％).结论 对单纯甲状腺肿瘤患者术后密切观察病情及实施相对应的护理干预措施,可减少患者术后并发症的发生,提高治疗效果,提升患者满意度.     

Psychological wellbeing and biochemical modulation in response to weight loss in obese type 2 diabetes patients

Background

Obesity in type 2 diabetes patients is a serious health issue by itself; it is also associated with other health problems including psychiatric illnesses. The psychological effects of dieting and weight loss have been a matter of controversy in the field of obesity management.

Objective

The aim of this study was to compare the impact of weight loss because of aerobic exercise training and dietary measures on psychological wellbeing and biochemical modulation in obese type 2 diabetes patients.

Material and methods

One hundred obese type 2 diabetes patients of both sexes participated in this study, and were included into two equal groups. The first group (A) received aerobic exercise training, three sessions per week for three months combined with dietary measures. The second group (B) received no training intervention for three months.

Results

There was a significant decrease in body mass index (BMI), leptin, total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), triglycerides(TG), homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance- index (HOMA-IR) , beck depression inventory (BDI ) & profile of mood states(POMS) and increase in high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) & Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSES) of group (A) after treatments, but the changes of group (B) were not significant. Moreover, there were significant differences between mean levels of the investigated parameters of group (B) and group (A) at the end of the study.

Conclusion

Physical training and dietary measures can be used as methods of choice for psychological wellbeing and biochemical modulation in obese type 2 diabetes patients.     

早期护理干预对骨科下肢深静脉血栓形成高危患者的影响

目的：研究早期护理干预对骨科下肢深静脉血栓形成高危患者的影响。方法2012年52例大手术患者应用常规护理为对照组,2013年67例大手术患者应用早期干预护理为研究组,比较2组患者下肢深静脉血栓形成情况、对护理工作的满意度及住院时间。结果研究组患者下肢深静脉血栓形成情况、住院时间均少于对照组（P<0.05）,对护理的满意度优于对照组（P<0.05）。结论对骨科大手术术后下肢深静脉血栓形成高危患者制定基本预防和药物、机械预防措施和健康教育,可获得满意的效果。