89例非霍奇金淋巴瘤相关噬血细胞综合征临床特点和疗效分析

目的回顾性分析不同病理类型非霍奇金淋巴瘤相关噬血细胞综合征（HLH）的临床特征及预后影响因素。方法收集和分析2013年3月至2020年5月复旦大学附属华东医院确诊的89例非霍奇金淋巴瘤相关HLH患者的临床资料，应用Log-rank法对影响预后的因素进行单因素分析，应用Cox比例风险回归模型进行多因素分析。结果89例淋巴瘤相关HLH患者中位生存时间10.2个月，B细胞淋巴瘤患者未达到中位生存时间，T细胞淋巴瘤患者中位生存时间10.2个月，NK细胞淋巴瘤患者中位生存时间为3个月，差异具有统计学意义（P＝0.012）。非霍奇金淋巴瘤病理类型［总生存（OS）：P＝0.041，无进展生存（PFS）：P＝0.015］，美国东部肿瘤协作组评分（OS：P＝0.031，PFS：P＝0.030），是否行造血干细胞移植（OS：P＝0.005，PFS：P＝0.040），是否伴淋巴结肿大（OS：P＝0.007，PFS：P＝0.012），是否伴脾脏肿大（OS：P＝0.276，PFS：P＝0.324）是影响非霍奇金淋巴瘤相关HLH患者OS和PFS的因素。脾脏切除手术能够改善淋巴瘤相关HLH患者的生存，尤其是T细胞淋巴瘤相关HLH。结论不同病理类型非霍奇金淋巴瘤相关HLH患者临床特点相似，但长期生存率和预后影响因素不同。非霍奇金淋巴瘤相关HLH不仅需要联合化疗，B细胞淋巴瘤和NK细胞淋巴瘤相关HLH患者需尽早进行造血干细胞移植，T细胞淋巴瘤相关HLH患者应考虑脾脏切除手术，以改善患者预后。     

A modality-specific somatosensory evoked potential test protocol for clinical evaluation: A feasibility study

ObjectiveWe aimed to establish an objective neurophysiological test protocol that can be used to assess the somatosensory nervous system.MethodsIn order to assess most fiber subtypes of the somatosensory nervous system, repetitive stimuli of seven different modalities (touch, vibration, pinprick, cold, contact heat, laser, and warmth) were synchronized with the electroencephalogram (EEG) and applied on the cheek and dorsum of the hand and dorsum of the foot in 21 healthy subjects and three polyneuropathy (PNP) patients. Latencies and amplitudes of the modalities were assessed and compared. Patients received quantitative sensory testing (QST) as reference.ResultsWe found reproducible evoked potentials recordings for touch, vibration, pinprick, contact-heat, and laser stimuli. The recording of warm-evoked potentials was challenging in young healthy subjects and not applicable in patients. Latencies were shortest within Aβ-fiber-mediated signals and longest within C-fibers. The test protocol detected function loss within the Aβ-fiber and Aδ-fiber-range in PNP patients. This function loss corresponded with QST findings.ConclusionIn this pilot study, we developed a neurophysiological test protocol that can specifically assess most of the somatosensory modalities. Despite technical challenges, initial patient data appear promising regarding a possible future clinical application.SignificanceEstablished and custom-made stimulators were combined to assess different fiber subtypes of the somatosensory nervous system using modality-specific evoked potentials.     

Aortic flow after valve sparing root replacement with or without neosinuses reconstruction

Objectives

This study applied advanced 4-dimensional flow magnetic resonance imaging processing to assess differences in aortic flow dynamics after valve sparing root replacement, with and without reconstruction of the Valsalva sinuses.

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Toxicities

Immune checkpoint inhibitors are molecules that increase the endogenous immune response against tumors. They have revolutionized the field of oncology. Since their initial approval for the treatment of advanced melanoma, their use has expanded to the treatment of several other advanced cancers. Unfortunately, immune checkpoint inhibitors have also been associated with the emergence of a new subset of autoimmune-like toxicities, known as immune-related adverse events. These toxicities differ depending on the agent, malignancy, and individual susceptibilities. Although the skin and colon are most commonly involved, any organ may be affected, including the liver, lungs, kidneys, and heart. Most of these toxicities are diagnosed by excluding other secondary infectious or inflammatory causes. Corticosteroids are commonly used for treatment of moderate and severe immune-related adverse events, although additional immunosuppressive therapy may occasionally be required. The occurrence of immune-related toxicities may require discontinuation of immunotherapy, depending on the specific toxicity and its severity. In this article, we provide a focused review to familiarize practicing clinicians with this important topic given that the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors continues to increase.     

Resistin is elevated in cystic fibrosis sputum and correlates negatively with lung function

Background

Resistin is an immunometabolic mediator that is elevated in several inflammatory disorders. A ligand for Toll-like receptor 4, resistin modulates the recruitment and activation of myeloid cells, notably neutrophils. Neutrophils are major drivers of cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease, in part due to the release of human neutrophil elastase- and myeloperoxidase-rich primary granules, leading to tissue damage. Here we assessed the relationship of resistin to CF lung disease.