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101.
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102.
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The purpose of the study was to describe the occurrence of the most common complaints related to MSDs in Czech dentists and to assess the risk factors affecting them. A questionnaire survey of 581 Czech dentists (the response rate 72.6%) was conducted in 2011. The questionnaire ascertained general information about the respondents, their work habits and environment along with the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders. The respondents filled out the questionnaires during the educational events organized by the Czech Dental Chamber. At least mild difficulties associated with the motoric system were reported by 96.9% of the respondents, with 66.3% of respondents reporting moderate or major difficulties. Back and neck pain followed by shoulder pain and headache were the most common complaints in our sample. According to our data: age, gender, length of practice, a history of serious MSDs, the occurrence of MSDs in blood relatives, the perception of work as psychologically demanding, and especially a perceived moderate/bad general health were significantly associated with the four most common musculoskeletal complaints. Some of the factors were found as protective. This study suggests that MSDs represent a significant burden for Czech dentists and further research is needed to elucidate this issue.  相似文献   
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107.

Objective

To evaluate the impact of opioid controlled substance agreements (CSAs) enrollment on health care utilization.

Patients and Methods

We retrospectively evaluated health care utilization changes among 772 patients receiving long-term opioid therapy for chronic noncancer pain enrolled in a CSA between July 1, 2015, and December 31, 2015. We ascertained patient characteristics and utilization 12 months before and after CSA enrollment. Decreased utilization was defined as a decrease of 1 or more hospitalizations or emergency department visits and 3 or more outpatient primary and specialty care visits. Multivariate modeling assessed demographic characteristics associated with utilization changes.

Results

The 772 patients enrolled in an opioid CSA during the study period had a mean ± SD age of 63.5±14.9 years and were predominantly female, white, and married. The CSA enrollment was associated with decreased outpatient primary care visits (odds ratio [OR], 0.16; 95% CI, 0.14-0.19) and increased diagnostic radiology services (OR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.02-1.47). After CSA enrollment, patients with greater comorbidity (Charlson Comorbidity Index score >3) were more likely to have reduced hospitalizations (adjusted OR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.3-6.0; P=.008), reduced outpatient primary care visits (adjusted OR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.2-3.2; P=.005), and reduced specialty care visits (adjusted OR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.2-3.3; P=.006).

Conclusion

For patients receiving long-term opioid therapy for chronic noncancer pain, CSA enrollment is associated with reductions in primary care visits and increased radiologic service utilization. Patients with greater comorbidity were more likely to have reductions in hospitalizations, outpatient primary care visits, and outpatient specialty clinic visits after CSA enrollment. The observational nature of the study does not allow the conclusion that CSA implementation is the primary reason for these observed changes.  相似文献   
108.

Objective

To develop self-reported short forms for the Life Impact Burn Recovery Evaluation (LIBRE) Profile.

Design

Short forms based on the item parameters of discrimination and average difficulty.

Setting

A support network for burn survivors, peer support networks, social media, and mailings.

Participants

Burn survivors (N=601) older than 18 years.

Interventions

Not applicable.

Main Outcome Measures

The LIBRE Profile.

Results

Ten-item short forms were developed to cover the 6 LIBRE Profile scales: Relationships with Family & Friends, Social Interactions, Social Activities, Work & Employment, Romantic Relationships, and Sexual Relationships. Ceiling effects were ≤15% for all scales; floor effects were <1% for all scales. The marginal reliability of the short forms ranged from .85 to .89.

Conclusions

The LIBRE Profile-Short Forms demonstrated credible psychometric properties. The short form version provides a viable alternative to administering the LIBRE Profile when resources do not allow computer or Internet access. The full item bank, computerized adaptive test, and short forms are all scored along the same metric, and therefore scores are comparable regardless of the mode of administration.  相似文献   
109.

Objective

To test the feasibility and validity of an online version of an established interview designed to determine a lifetime history of traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Design

Cross-sectional.

Setting

General community.

Participants

A volunteer sample of individuals (N= 265) from the general population across the United States.

Interventions

Not applicable.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Online version of the Ohio State University Traumatic Brain Injury Identification Method, Rivermead Postconcussion Symptoms Questionnaire (RPQ), Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Cognitive Concerns Scale.

Results

The measure was completed by 89.4% of the sample with most participants completing the measure in <8 minutes. After controlling for age, sex, psychiatric history, drug or alcohol history, and history of developmental disability, worst TBI severity was significantly associated with scores on the RPQ, F(2,230)=4.56, P=.011, and having a TBI within the past 2 years was associated with higher scores on the cognitive factor subscale of the RPQ, F(1,75)=7.7, P=.007.

Conclusions

The online administration of the Ohio State University Traumatic Brain Injury Identification Method appears to be feasible in the general population. Preliminary validity was demonstrated for the indices of worst TBI severity and time since most recent TBI.  相似文献   
110.

Objectives

To describe perceived participation of first-stroke survivors in mainland China, and to determine variables that may correlate with perceived participation 6 months after discharge.

Design

Cross-sectional survey.

Setting

Neurology department of a tertiary hospital, with subsequent follow-up of patients in their homes.

Participants

First-stroke survivors (N=236) who had been treated in the neurology department and discharged 6 months before their participation in our study.

Interventions

Not applicable.

Main Outcome Measures

Participation was assessed using the Chinese version of the self-report Impact on Participation and Autonomy Questionnaire. Performance on activities of daily living was measured using the Barthel Index, and physical function was measured with the Chinese Stroke Scale. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Social Support Rating Scale were also used.

Results

The mean score of perceived participation was 40.39±15.29, and 52.1%, 38.1%, 33.1%, and 5.5% of the participants reported insufficient participation in the domains of autonomy outdoors, family role, social relations, and autonomy indoors, respectively. Physical function served as the strongest correlate for the domains of family role and autonomy outdoors (standardized coefficients =.426 and .336, respectively), while depression was the strongest correlate for the domain of social relations (standardized coefficient =.315).

Conclusions

Physical function and activities of daily living were significantly associated with perceived participation in almost all domains. Depression was an important correlater of participation in the social relations domain. Perceived participation may be influenced by multiple factors, and tailored strategies should be implemented early in the rehabilitation phase poststroke to promote participation in all domains of daily living.  相似文献   
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