肝癌伴脾功能亢进症行肝脾联合切除术后的免疫功能变化

目的了解家族聚集性肝癌发病的临床及病理特点，探讨肝癌家族内聚集发病可能的原因。方法收集25例家族聚集性肝癌患者（FH组）与39例非家族聚集性肝癌患者（NF组）的临床及病理资料并对两组资料进行比较。结果两组患者在同生活非血缘家族成员肝癌发生率、肿瘤细胞分化、肿瘤有无包膜、有无静脉癌栓、AFP及术后1年复发率比较差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。FH组男女性别比、家族成员乙肝感染率、术后3年复发率高于NF组（P〈0．05），而平均年龄、肝纤维化分期、HBV—DNA拷贝数低于NF组（P〈0．05）。结论家族聚集性肝癌可能是患者在高遗传易感性基础上，对致癌因素（如乙肝家族性发病）的敏感性增高，引起肝癌发病在家族内聚集的现象。     

The novel suramin analogue NF864 selectively blocks P2X1 receptors in human platelets with potency in the low nanomolar range

The role of ATP-stimulated P2X₁ receptors in human platelets is still unclear. They may act alone or in synergy with other pathways, such as P2Y₁ or P2Y₁₂ receptors, to accelerate and enhance calcium mobilisation, shape change and aggregation. To date very few pharmacological means of selectively inhibiting platelet P2X₁ receptors have been described, although recent work has shown that suramin is a useful lead compound for the development of high-affinity P2X₁ antagonists. We therefore investigated the effects of a series of bivalent and tetravalent suramin analogues on meATP (P2X₁ receptors)-induced or ADP (P2Y₁ receptors)-induced intracellular calcium increases and shape change, as well as on ADP-induced aggregation (P2Y₁ & P2Y₁₂ receptors) in human platelets. Changes in intracellular calcium were measured using standard fluorescence techniques, while shape change and aggregation were determined by turbidimetry. The novel tetravalent compound NF864 (8,8,8,8-(carbonylbis(imino-5,1,3-benzenetriyl-bis(carbonylimino)))tetrakis-naphthalene-1,3,5-trisulfonic acid-dodecasodium salt) proved to be the most potent platelet P2X₁ antagonist reported to date, blocking meATP-induced Ca²⁺ increases and shape change in a concentration-dependent manner, with a pA₂ of 8.17 and 8.49, respectively. The ability to inhibit the platelet P2X₁ receptor displayed the following order : NF864>NF449NF110>NF023=MK-HU1=suramin. A different antagonistic profile was observed for ADP-induced Ca²⁺ increases, shape change and aggregation; however, overall four compounds showed sufficient ability to selectively inhibit P2X₁ responses, with the order NF110>NF449NF864MK-HU1. Therefore, these compounds should prove useful tools for investigating the functional significance of platelet P2X₁ receptors in thrombosis and haemostasis, NF864 being the most promising compound.     

Genetic Etiology for Alcohol-Induced Cardiac Toxicity

Background

Alcoholic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is defined by a dilated and impaired left ventricle due to chronic excess alcohol consumption. It is largely unknown which factors determine cardiac toxicity on exposure to alcohol.

某部队结核病聚集流行的现场调查与控制研究

目的探讨部队某部新兵连一起结核病聚集的流行因素,控制结核的进一步蔓延。方法对该部所有新兵及密切接触者进行流行病学调查、X线检查、结核菌素试验、X线检查异常者进行痰结核菌检查,查找结核菌,确诊结核病人,追踪传染源。结果 2008年2月-2009年2月1年内,640名新兵中共确诊活动性结核34例,罹患率5.31%。时间分布呈现两个小高峰,在春秋季。PPD检测人数扩大到新兵密切接触者,共833例,阳性共598例,结核感染率71.79%;强阳性48例,强阳性率5.76%。大大高于对照的未发病部队(P<0.01)。结论首发病例的误诊和未隔离是本次暴发的源头。应加强上下级卫生防疫部门的沟通,采取综合性的结核病防治措施,预防结核病的聚集流行。     

血栓素A2受体rs768963基因多态性与血小板聚集功能的关系

目的 探讨上海地区汉族人群血栓素A2受体rs768963基因多态性与血小板聚集功能的关系.方法 采用聚合酶链反应-限制片长多态性检测59例脑梗死患者和40名对照者的血栓素A2受体rs768963基因多态性基因型,并且测定血小板聚集率.结果 脑梗死组甘油三酯浓度和血压水平明显高于对照组,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度明显低于对照组(P<0.05).对照组rs768963基因突变型(CT型+CC型)与野生型(TT型)比较,血小板1'聚集率明显升高;脑梗死组rs768963基因突变型与野生型比较,血小板1'聚集率和最大聚集率均明显升高.并且全部研究对象的突变型与野生型比较,血小板1'聚集率和最大聚集率也明显升高(P<0.05).结论 血栓素A2受体rs768963基因突变型的血小板聚集率比野生型明显升高,容易引起血栓形成相关疾病.     

灯盏乙素对血栓形成及血小板聚集的影响

目的研究灯盏乙素对血栓形成及血小板聚集的影响.方法采用电刺激大鼠颈动脉血栓模型评价灯盏乙素对血栓形成的影响;应用Born比浊法测定灯盏乙素体内外对兔血小板聚集功能的影响.结果灯盏乙素对电刺激大鼠颈动脉引起的血栓形成具有明显的对抗作用;灯盏乙素体外显著抑制AA和ADP和PAF诱导的兔血小板聚集,其半数抑制浓度(m ed ium inh ib itory concentration,IC50)分别为70.5、39.8和97.7mg/L;灯盏乙素静脉注射也能明显降低AA和ADP、PAF诱导的兔血小板聚集率,且呈剂量-效应关系.结论灯盏乙素有明显的抗血栓形成作用,其机制与其抗血小板聚集作用密切相关.     

氯沙坦对老年高血压患者红细胞聚集性的影响

目的 探讨氯沙坦对老年高血压患者红细胞聚集性的影响。方法 43例老年高血压患者服用氯沙坦50－100mg治疗12－17个月后观察治疗前后血液流变学指标的变化。结果 高血压患者全血低切粘度（1Os^-1)、血浆粘度及红细胞聚集指数显著增高（P＜0．05）,服用氯沙坦后高血压患者血压下降的同时全血低切粘度、血浆粘度及红细胞聚集显著降低（P＜0．001）。结论 氯沙坦可使老年高血压患者红细胞聚集性显著降低,血粘度下降,血浆粘度下降。从而降低了体内血栓形成的机会,减少心血管系统血栓性疾病的发生率。     

Genetic analysis of ATP10B for Parkinson's disease in Japan

Compound heterozygosity of ATP10B is thought to be a risk factor for young-onset Parkinson's disease (PD). We genetically screened 245 patients with young-onset sporadic PD and 33 patients with autosomal recessive PD for ATP10B. All 13 identified gene variants were heterozygous with little evidence of the pathogenicity.     

新型红细胞流变参数自动测试分析仪的评价

本文介绍了一种新型国家发明专利产品──红细胞流变参数自动测 试分析仪的设计原理、硬件结构、软件实施和临床适用性，讨论了本仪器给出的七 个红细胞流变参数的临床意义，并就糖尿病和肺结核等两种典型疾病进行了临床 验证．该仪器能广泛应用于心脑血管疾病、恶性肿瘤等诊断、治疗跟踪及预后，是一 种新型的血液及细胞流变血仪器．