湖北省荆州地区变应性鼻炎及相关变应性疾病变应原皮试结果分析

目的应用标准化变应原检测初步探讨荆州地区变应性鼻炎的变应原分布情况。方法采用阿罗格变应原皮肤点刺液,对拟诊为变应性鼻炎及相关变应性疾病(主要为哮喘)的820例患者行皮肤点刺试验。结果变应原阳性率为64.15%。荆州地区最主要的变应原为屋尘螨(58.41%)、粉尘螨(55.37%)、豚草花粉(10.00%)、艾蒿花粉(9.15%)。结论本研究变应原检测结果可为荆州地区变应性鼻炎及相关变应性疾病的预防及免疫治疗提供指导。     

吸入不同浓度一氧化碳对大鼠脑死亡致肺损伤的影响

目的 评价吸入不同浓度一氧化碳(CO)对大鼠脑死亡(BD)致肺损伤的影响.方法 成年雄性Wistar大鼠32只,随机分为4组(n=8),假手术组(S组)向大鼠颅内置入Fogarty导管,吸入40%O2 150 min;BD组、C1组和C2组向大鼠颅内置入Fogarty导管,通过膨胀导管前端球囊诱导BD,膨胀球囊30 min后确认BD情况.发生BD后BD组吸入40%O2 120min,C1组和C2组分别吸入40%O2+0.025%CO和40%O2+0.050%CO混合气120 min.于麻醉前(基础状态)、吸入CO前即刻、吸入CO 30、60、90和120 min时采集动脉血样,进行动脉血气分析.吸入CO 120 min时采集动脉血样,测定血浆IL-6和TNF-α浓度;采集血样后,处死大鼠,取肺组织,测定髓过氧化物酶(MPO)活性;计算肺组织湿/干重比(W/D比),并进行肺组织损伤评分(LIS评分).结果 与S组比较,BD组、C1组和C2组PaO2/FiO2、BE和pH值降低,血浆IL-6和TNF-α的浓度、MPO活性、肺组织W/D比和LIS评分升高(P＜0.05);与BD组比较,C1组和C2组PaO2/FiO2、BE和pH值升高,血浆IL-6和TNF-α的浓度、MPO活性、肺组织W/D比和LIS评分降低(P＜0.05);与C1组比较,C2组血浆IL-6和TNF-α的浓度降低(P＜0.05),血气分析指标、MPO活性、肺组织W/D比和LIS评分差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 吸入0.025%和0.050%CO减轻大鼠BD致肺损伤的效应无差异.     

吸入一氧化碳对大鼠脑死亡致肺损伤的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of carbon monoxide (CO) inhalation on lung injury induced by brain death (BD) in rats. Methods Adult male Wistar rats weighing 250-300 g were used in this study. The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal pentobarbital sodium 60 mg/kg, tracheostomized and mechanically ventilated (VT 10 ml/kg, RR 50 bpm, PEEP 2 cm H2O). A balloon-tip catheter was placed in the cranium. Twenty-four rats in which Fogarty catheter was successfully placed in the cranium without complication were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 8 each) : group I sham operation (group S) ; group II BD and group Ⅲ BDCO. BD was induced by increase in intracranial pressure produced by inflating the balloon at the tip of the catheter. In group S the balloon of the catheter was not inflated. The animals inhaled 40% O2 for 150 min. In group BD, BD was induced and confirmed at 30 min after inflation of the balloon. Then 40% O2 was inhaled for 120 min. In group BDCO, 40% O2 and 0.025% CO were inhaled for 120 min after BD was confirmed at 30 min after balloon inflation. At the end of the experiment the animals were killed. Arterial blood samples were obtained for blood gas analysis before anesthesia (basline), immediately after confirmation of BD, and at 30, 60, 90 and 120 min of CO inhalation. Blood was collected for determination of plasma TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 concentrations at 120 min of CO inhalation. The lungs were obtained for determination of W/D lung weight ratio, and MPO activity in the lung tissue and microscopic examination. Lung injury scores were calculated. Results PaO2/FiO2 was stable during the 150 min in group S. Brain death significantly decreased PaO2/FiO2 at 30 min after balloon inflation. PaO2/FiO2 was gradually decreasing during the 120 min in group BD. CO inhalation prevented PaO2/FiO2 from decreasing further. W/D lung weight ratio and MPO activity were significantly higher in group BD than in group S and BDCO. The lung injury score (1 = normal, 4= severely injured) and plasma TNF-αα IL-6 and IL-10 concentrations were significantly higher in group BD than in group S. CO inhalation ameliorated the BD-induced lung injury and attenuated the increase in plasma TNF-a and IL-6 concentration. Plasma IL-10 concentration was significantly higher in group BDCO than in group BD. Conclusion CO inhalation can ameliorate acute lung injury induced by BD through decreasing the local and systemic inflammatory response.     

新生儿肺部超声应用情况调查

目的了解国内医院肺部超声开展情况和各医院对肺部超声和胸部X线的使用倾向性。方法于2021年4月1日—2021年4月3日对中国65家新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)进行关于新生儿肺部超声的问卷调查。问卷内容主要包括各家医院对使用肺部超声和胸部X线检查的看法和各家医院新生儿肺部超声的技术水平。每家医院指定1名新生儿科医生填写。结果参与问卷调查的65家医院包括22家(33.85%)综合医院、26家(40.00%)妇幼保健院及17家(26.15%)儿童医院。65家医院中有40家(61.54%)医院更倾向于使用肺部超声,原因是肺部超声无辐射、便捷及易于操作。但是在目前的实际临床应用中,NICU新生儿的肺部检查仍主要使用胸部X线进行。此外,在65家NICU中仅有少数医生接受过肺部超声培训或能熟练掌握肺部超声技术。结论用肺部超声取代胸部X线检查是一个必然的趋势,这将为新生儿科医生更好地解决临床问题提供窗口,建议广泛开展临床实践。     

吸入一氧化碳对大鼠脑死亡致肺损伤的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of carbon monoxide (CO) inhalation on lung injury induced by brain death (BD) in rats. Methods Adult male Wistar rats weighing 250-300 g were used in this study. The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal pentobarbital sodium 60 mg/kg, tracheostomized and mechanically ventilated (VT 10 ml/kg, RR 50 bpm, PEEP 2 cm H2O). A balloon-tip catheter was placed in the cranium. Twenty-four rats in which Fogarty catheter was successfully placed in the cranium without complication were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 8 each) : group I sham operation (group S) ; group II BD and group Ⅲ BDCO. BD was induced by increase in intracranial pressure produced by inflating the balloon at the tip of the catheter. In group S the balloon of the catheter was not inflated. The animals inhaled 40% O2 for 150 min. In group BD, BD was induced and confirmed at 30 min after inflation of the balloon. Then 40% O2 was inhaled for 120 min. In group BDCO, 40% O2 and 0.025% CO were inhaled for 120 min after BD was confirmed at 30 min after balloon inflation. At the end of the experiment the animals were killed. Arterial blood samples were obtained for blood gas analysis before anesthesia (basline), immediately after confirmation of BD, and at 30, 60, 90 and 120 min of CO inhalation. Blood was collected for determination of plasma TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 concentrations at 120 min of CO inhalation. The lungs were obtained for determination of W/D lung weight ratio, and MPO activity in the lung tissue and microscopic examination. Lung injury scores were calculated. Results PaO2/FiO2 was stable during the 150 min in group S. Brain death significantly decreased PaO2/FiO2 at 30 min after balloon inflation. PaO2/FiO2 was gradually decreasing during the 120 min in group BD. CO inhalation prevented PaO2/FiO2 from decreasing further. W/D lung weight ratio and MPO activity were significantly higher in group BD than in group S and BDCO. The lung injury score (1 = normal, 4= severely injured) and plasma TNF-αα IL-6 and IL-10 concentrations were significantly higher in group BD than in group S. CO inhalation ameliorated the BD-induced lung injury and attenuated the increase in plasma TNF-a and IL-6 concentration. Plasma IL-10 concentration was significantly higher in group BDCO than in group BD. Conclusion CO inhalation can ameliorate acute lung injury induced by BD through decreasing the local and systemic inflammatory response.     

爱生活，爱美丽

爱美是人的天性,是精神的需要,也是社会责任感的产物,更是一种文明的标志。新的时代赋予老年女性新的自我审美意识。美丽的外表不仅有助于提高生活质量,而且也可以增加自信。对于有些老年女性,大多物质生活比较充裕,且大多事业有成,也有了充裕的时间,但之前很多年,她们中有的是由于工作繁忙,在身体上留下了衰老的痕迹。此时再追溯年轻时的“花容月貌”,她们不禁黯然神伤,于是选择整容、美容来重拾自信、找回年轻。有些人长久以来就对自己的容貌不满意,到了老年,她们有了一定的经济基础和时间了,用整容来弥补多年来的遗憾,也用整容圆了自己心…     

勒颈窒息死血中K+、Cl-含量变化的实验研究

通过实验研究,探讨勒颈窒息死亡血中K+、Cl-的变化及其法医学意义.通过勒颈致家兔窒息死亡,测定家兔静脉血中的K+、Cl-浓度,结果表明,勒颈窒息死亡血中K+浓度明显增高(P＜0.01),Cl-浓度变化不明显(P＞0.05).     

14-3-3和CLIC4蛋白在U251细胞自噬中的相互作用

目的通过饥饿诱导神经胶质瘤U251细胞发生自噬,探讨细胞CLIC4和14-3-3蛋白在饥饿条件下诱导自噬过程中的相互作用。方法通过Hoechst、14-3-3 epsilon、CLIC4染色于共聚焦显微镜下观察抑制CLIC4表达对于饥饿条件下,14-3-3 epsilon蛋白与CLIC4共定位的影响。通过Western Blot技术检测Beclin 1及14-3-3蛋白表达。免疫共沉淀技术检测14-3-3 epsilon蛋白与CLIC4蛋白的结合水平。结果共聚焦显微镜观察14-3-3 epsilon和CLIC4荧光染色结果显示,饥饿条件下,14-3-3 epsilon蛋白与CLIC4共定位显著增加,并广泛分布于胞浆及细胞核中。同时Western Blot结果表明抑制CLIC4表达能够引起14-3-3蛋白以及自噬相关蛋白Beclin1表达增加。饥饿条件下,14-3-3 epsilon蛋白与CLIC4共沉淀增强,而抑制CLIC4表达能够降低两者结合水平。结论 14-3-3epsilon蛋白与CLIC4的相互作用由于RNA干扰而减弱,促进了14-3-3蛋白水平上调,进而增强了14-3-3蛋白对Beclin1信号通路的调节,引起Beclin1表达增加,进一步激活饥饿条件下U251细胞自噬过程。     

黄芪多糖抑制人胃癌MKN45、MGC-803细胞生长的作用机制

目的:探讨黄芪多糖抑制人胃癌细胞MKN45、MGC-803生长的作用机制。方法:将人胃癌细胞MKN45、MGC-803置于RPMI1640培养基中做传代培养,分为对照组、5-氟尿嘧啶(5-fluorouracil,5-FU)组和黄芪多糖(astragalus polysaccharides,APS)组。对照组采用1640培养基培养,5-FU组给予不同质量浓度的5-FU培养,黄芪多糖组给予不同质量浓度的黄芪多糖培养,采用四甲基偶氮噻唑蓝(methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium,MTT)实验检测细胞生长抑制情况,使用流式细胞仪检测细胞周期,使用荧光显微镜观察细胞凋亡情况。结果:(1)培养24 h,APS质量浓度≥10.0 g·L~(-1)、5-FU质量浓度≥0.05 g·L~(-1)时,MKN45、MGC-803细胞受抑制作用均比较明显;培养48 h,APS质量浓度≥5.0 g·L~(-1)、5-FU质量浓度≥0.025 g·L~(-1)时,MKN45、MGC-803细胞受抑制作用均比较明显;(2)细胞培养48 h后,5-FU组和APS组MKN45、MGC-803细胞周期均改变,停留在G0/G1期的细胞比例显著高于对照组,处于S期和G2/M期细胞明显少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);(3)培养48 h后,5-FU组和APS组MKN45、MGC-803细胞凋亡率均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:黄芪多糖可以抑制胃癌细胞MKN45、MGC-803的生长,其作用机制可能是使细胞停留在GO/G1期并诱导细胞发生凋亡。     

生存素在乳腺癌中的表达及其与细胞增殖的关系

为探讨乳腺癌组织中生存素表达的临床意义及其与癌细胞增殖的关系,采用免疫组织化学SP法检测生存素、Ki-67蛋白在96例乳腺癌组织中的表达和生存素在20例正常乳腺组织的表达,分析生存素表达与Ki-67增殖指数及各临床病理因素的关系。结果表明,生存素阳性表达乳腺癌的Ki-67增殖指数（35．32±21．28％）明显高于生存素阴性者（20．42±11．34％）,生存素表达与肿瘤细胞增殖呈正相关（P〈0．05）;生存素在乳腺癌组织中的表达率为70．83％（68／96）,正常乳腺组织未见生存素表达,二者差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;生存素蛋白的表达与临床分期、淋巴结转移呈正相关（P〈0．05）,与5年生存率呈负相关（P〈0．05）,与年龄、是否绝经、肿瘤大小和组织学分级均无关。结论：生存素不仅参与凋亡的调控,还促进了细胞增殖。生存素蛋白在乳腺癌中表达上调,提示其通过抑制凋亡在乳腺癌发生、发展中起重要作用,过度表达提示预后不良。