中国军人个性特征的调查分析

为了解我军不同人员的个性特征，建立军人的艾森克个性问卷（ＥＰＱ）常模，为我国军事心理学研究提供依据，采用修订的ＥＰＱ（成年）对全军１９６２２人的个性特征进行了调查，其中陆军１３２４５人，海军１２８４人，空军１５８３人，学员３５１０人。结果：军人精神病质和神经质量表分均显著低于全国常模，内外向量表分高于全国常模，效度量表分则与全国常模近似。军人个性的内外向以中间居多（５２．５％）、其余依次为外向（１９．７％）、倾向外向（１８．２％）、倾向内向（５．９％）和内向（３．７％）；情绪稳定度呈中间、稳定、倾向稳定、倾向不稳、不稳者分别占４３．９％、１９．８％、１４．９％、１１．５％和９．９％。提示军人个性有其特征，本研究结果可作为我国军人的ＥＰＱ常模。     

运用人力资源管理策略 改革病房护理管理

从发展成功管理的共同文化,创建优质服务病房;建立有效的护理人力资源管理支持系统,创建适合于专业护理的工作环境,确保护理质量;以病人为中心,以病人满意度作为衡量护理工作优劣的标准三个方面介绍了乐山市人民医院运用护理人力资源管理策略,改革病房护理管理,创建优质服务病房的实践经验及其效果。     

心绞痛PTCA术后患者以步行为主的康复训练

１４例不稳定性心绞痛患者，男性１２例，女性２例，平均年龄５５岁，均因药物治疗无效而进行ＰＴＣＡ治疗。总计１６个血管段、前降支９段，回旋支４段，右冠状动脉３段。术后执行以步行为主要内容的一周康复训练程度，全部病例均顺利完成，表明以步为主的非监护康复训练对不稳定性心绞痛ＰＴＣＡ术后和是安全可行的。     

提高护士病情观察能力的培训方法与效果

目的提高护士对病人病情观察的能力。方法针对护士观察病情方面存在的问题,制定对策,进行专业知识培训,制订考核标准,加强考核力度。结果培训后护士病情观察能力、病区护理质量有明显提高(P<0 05或 P<0.01)。结论加强培训可以提高护士病情观察能力,提高护理质量。     

我国社区护士培养现状及对策

对社区护士应具备的素质及其培养方法、培养内容及培养方式等进行综述,并对目前我国社区护士培养方面存在的问题进行分析,提出应重视、加强社区护士的培养和教育,建立健全多层次培养途径,优化课程体系,完善培养模式,加大培养力度,大力发展社区护理事业。     

实验教学改革与学生综合素质培养的实践

在培养医学检验专业学生中 ,通过设置综合性、设计开放性实验 ,改革实验考核方法和内容 ,强化毕业实习 ,以深化实验室体制改革。以学生为中心 ,培养学生综合素质、创新精神和实践能力 ,全面推进教学质量提高     

Structured training of ENT Specialist Registrars in the out‐patient clinic and theatre

The aims of this paper are to evaluate the training in out‐patients and in theatre after the recent changes in SpR training. A postal questionnaire was sent to 191 Specialist Registrars (SpRs) in England and Wales and 57 were returned (30%). There were temporal bone facilities within the hospital for 53 SpRs but only three used them because there were no temporal bones. Surgical training was more satisfactory than out‐patient training. Fewer general clinics and more specialized clinics are required, and consultant supervision is still patchy and needs attention.     

运动训练联合基因治疗对肾性高血压大鼠肾功能的影响

目的观察运动训练联合β1肾上腺素能受体基因治疗对肾性高血压大鼠血压、肾功能、肾脏前肾素原mRNA、肾脏β1受体mRNA和蛋白的影响，探讨其改善肾功能的机制。方法两肾一夹法制作肾性高血压模型，基因治疗采用经鼠尾静脉注射阳离子脂质体与β1反义寡核苷酸方法。检测大鼠血压、肾功能变化。半定量RT—PCR测定肾脏β1受体mRNA、前肾素原mRNA水平。Western印迹法测检肾脏β1受体的蛋白水平。结果与模型组比较，运动联合基因治疗可使血压下降并维持4周，血压下降最高达41mmHg；尿蛋白量[（45．82±6．56）比（29．12±5．22）mg／L，P〈0．01】、BUN[（13．10±2．62）比（9．05±1．84）mmol／L，P〈0．05]显著降低（P〈0．01，P〈0．05）；内生肌酐清除率显著升高（P〈0．01）；前肾素原mRNA、β1受体mRNA、蛋白表达水平显著降低（P〈0．05）。结论运动训练联合β1受体反义基因治疗可以明显地降低血压，改善肾功能；且运动训练可以增强基因治疗对β1受体mRNA和蛋白的抑制作用，在转录和翻译水平抑制过度激活的β1受体的表达。     

An inexpensive ex-vivo porcine laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication training model.

BACKGROUND: We recently implemented the use of an ex-vivo porcine model to teach residents the fundamentals of performing a laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication. METHODS: Residents were trained using intact porcine esophagus, stomach, and spleen placed in a standard video-trainer. They were later asked to complete a survey containing a course evaluation. RESULTS: Sixteen residents (R1-R4) completed the survey. They agreed that (1) the exercise was a valuable use of their limited time, (2) repeating the exercise will be of additional benefit, (3) it will improve their ability to perform or assist in an actual case in the OR, and (4) the surgical principles learned using the model will transfer to other laparoscopic cases. Significant subjective improvements were reported in resident comfort level in assisting in or performing a laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication. CONCLUSIONS: The use of an inexpensive ex-vivo porcine training model increases resident comfort level in performing a Nissen fundoplication in the operating room.     

Preference awareness education as stress management training for academic staff

This paper describes a response directed stress management intervention (SMI) in the form of a Jungian based preference awareness education (PAE). It uses the Insights System of personality types to increase awareness of behaviour and communication preferences of self and different others. Eighteen self‐recruited academic employees participated for 7 weeks and received feedback about work preferences and personality type. The aim was to reduce perceptions of stress and interpersonal stress and to increase feelings of job satisfaction and interpersonal satisfaction. The data were analysed using two‐tailed t‐tests. No significant findings were observed for the total sample after training, however, interesting results were found for certain sub‐sample groups. Extravert‐thinking types, reported decreased stress levels (p > 0.018), and participants suffering high stress/interpersonal stress pre‐PAE, reported decreased stress levels (p > 0.010–0.018). Participants suffering low job/interpersonal satisfaction pre‐PAE, reported increased job satisfaction (p > 0.015–0.016). These results suggest that individuals who report high levels of stress and dissatisfaction are most likely to benefit from this type of intervention. Future PAE research might: (a) use pilot studies to meet the intervention preferences of employees that are reluctant to participate in SMIs; (b) include a wait‐list control group; use: (c) a follow up education/measures; (d) and organizational level (stressor directed) SMIs at the same time as response directed initiatives. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.