卵巢囊性颗粒细胞瘤临床病理观察

目的探讨卵巢囊性颗粒细胞瘤的临床病理学特征、诊断以及相关的鉴别诊断。方法复习2例卵巢囊性颗粒细胞瘤临床资料,观察组织病理学表现、进行免疫组化染色,同时复习相关文献。结果2例女性分别为28岁和60岁,肿瘤为囊性,大小分别为12 cm×11.5 cm和6.5 cm×4 cm,囊内壁由单层和/或多层颗粒细胞构成,囊壁中可见实性片状排列的颗粒细胞。免疫组化标记inhibin,CD99,Vimentin阳性。结论卵巢囊性颗粒细胞瘤较少见,在囊内壁中的成片颗粒细胞中找到Call-exner小体或微滤泡结构是诊断的关键,免疫组化染色对诊断具有帮助。     

食管黏液表皮样癌临床病理学分析

目的探讨食管黏液表皮样癌的临床病理学特征及其生物学行为。方法对2例食管黏液表皮样癌进行临床病理及免疫组化分析,并结合文献复习讨论其临床病理学特征及生物学行为。结果肿瘤组织主要由鳞状上皮、黏液上皮和中间细胞构成;免疫组化染色示PCNA( ),Ki67(-),P53(-),CEA( ),E-cadherin(-).结论食管黏液表皮样癌是来源于食管黏膜下腺导管或腺泡的恶性肿瘤,易复发或发生转移,预后较差。     

14例胸内Castleman病临床病理学特征分析

目的探讨胸内Castleman病(CD)的临床病理学特征.方法回顾分析经病理检查确诊的14例胸内Castleman病的组织病理切片与临床资料.结果临床分型,局限型11例,表现为局部淋巴结肿大,多中心型3例,表现为多部位淋巴结肿大.组织病理学分型,透明血管型(HV)9例、浆细胞型(PC)2例,混合型(Mix)3例.所有病例术后均生存,其中11例局限型和2例多中心型CD术后无复发.1例多中心Mix型患者于术后第4年、第9年各复发1次,均再次手术治疗.结论 CD临床诊断很困难,最后诊断依赖组织病理学检查.胸内局限型CD和部分多中心型CD经彻底手术可获治愈;部分胸内多中心型CD手术治疗效果不佳,应辅助其他综合治疗.     

35例颅内生殖细胞瘤临床病理分析

报道颅内生殖细胞瘤３５例，发生部位以鞍区、松果体以及第三脑室多见，占８２．８％，其组织学图像与睾丸精原细胞瘤或卵巢无性细胞瘤相似，呈ＰＡＳ染色阳性，而β－ＨＣＧ及ＡＦＰ免疫组织化学染色阴性。     

高级别表面骨肉瘤临床病理分析并文献复习

目的:探讨高级别表面骨肉瘤(high-grade surface osteosarcoma，HGSO)的临床病理特征、诊断与鉴别诊断。方法:结合临床资料及影像学分析1例HGSO的形态特点并复习相关文献。结果:患者女性，17岁。以“发现右胫骨近段干骺部疼痛性肿块”入院。X线显示包块位于患骨皮质，呈云雾状矿化，伴针状骨膜反应及软组织肿块，其下骨皮质部分破坏或侵蚀，但髓腔完整。大体上肿瘤组织呈分叶状或隆起，软硬不一。镜下肿瘤细胞形成花边样骨样组织，细胞异质性及非典型性明显，核分裂活跃，表现为普通型骨肉瘤尤其骨母细胞型那样的组织学特点，但肿瘤附着于皮质，无或仅见轻度髓腔浸润。免疫组化示肿瘤细胞vimentin弥漫阳性，Ki-67高表达。尽管行截肢及术后辅助化疗，但36个月后患者死于肺转移。结论:HGSO是一种罕见的骨表面高度恶性肿瘤，预后不佳。熟悉其组织学特点有助于正确诊断。     

AN UNUSUAL TYPE OF SOLID CARCINOMA OF SALIVARY GLANDS: A CLINICOPATHOLOGIC AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL STUDY

An unusual histologic type and low-grade malignancy of salivary gland (SG) carcinomas, namely solid carcinoma (SC), is reported. Histopathologic characteristics of 12 cases of the SC include (1) large solid nest structure, (2) isomorphic and blandness of the epithelial cells in cytoloogy, (3) squamous metaplasia and keratinization in different degrees. (4) infiltrative growth pattern. Immunohistochemical stainings reveal that the cells of the SCs are reacted positive with anti-cytokeratins 12 and 27, anti-S-100P, anti-EMA antibodies in different degrees, and negative with anti-desmin, anti-GFAP, anti-lysozyme antibodies. The positive reactions with anti-CEA, anti-actin, and anti-myoglobin are detected in a few individuals. Follow-up data show the recurrence rate and mortality of the SC are 73% and 18% respectively. The histogenesis of SC and differential diagnosis are also discussed in the paper.     

血清AFP与胃癌临床病理间关系分析

目的探讨血清AFP与胃癌临床病理之间的关系,增强对血清AFP阳性胃癌的认识。方法应用放射免疫分析法测定我院2008年1月～9月收治的152例胃癌患者血清AFP值．观察AFP阳性胃癌与AFP阴性胃癌临床病理间的差异。结果胃癌患者中血清AFP阳性的表达率为14％．患者性别、年龄、肿瘤位置及直径在血清AFP阳性与阴性胃癌间无显著差异眇0．05）;浸润深度、分化程度、临床分期,淋巴结、肝转移在血清AFP阳性与阴性胃癌间有显著性差异fP〈0．05）。结论血清AFP阳性胃癌临床病理特殊．恶性程度高,易出现淋巴结、肝转移。AFP应作为胃癌患者术前的常规检查。     

Subsequent endometrial carcinoma with adjuvant tamoxifen treatment in Japanese breast cancer patients

Abstract. Nishimura N, Hachisuga T, Saito T, Kawarabayashi T. Subsequent endometrial carcinoma with adjuvant tamoxifen treatment in Japanese breast cancer patients.
This study aimed to detail the clinicopathologic features of endometrial carcinomas that developed in Japanese patients receiving adjuvant tamoxifen treatment for breast cancer patients. Ten endometrial carcinomas in tamoxifen-treated breast cancer patients were collected from two medical centers. The endometrial carcinomas included two stage Ia, four stage Ib, two stage Ic and two stage IIIc. Three tumors were Grade 1, six were Grade 2, and one was Grade 3. The tumor was limited to the endometrium in two cases. Myometrial invasion was limited to the inner half of the myometrium in five cases and involved the outer half in three. A mild degree of lymphovascular space invasion was identified in five cases. Deep cervical invasion was recognized in one case. The cell types comprised nine endometrioid adenocarcinomas and one serous carcinoma. Five of eight postmenopausal endometrial carcinomas were associated with polypoid endometrial lesions composed of cystically dilated atrophic and proliferative glands widely separated by fibrotic stroma. Two patients with retroperitoneal lymph node metastases died of endometrial cancer. One patient developed a contralateral breast cancer during tamoxifen treatment. No patient died of breast cancer. We did not demonstrate a higher frequency of either high-grade tumors or unfavorable histologic subtypes in tamoxifen-treated Japanese breast cancer patients.     

周边型牙源性纤维瘤35例临床病理研究

目的 :总结周边型牙源性纤维瘤的临床病理特点。方法 :按WHO(1992 )牙源性肿瘤分类标准对 35例周边型牙源性纤维瘤的临床病理资料进行回顾性分析。结果 :35例中 ,男性 14例 ,女性 2 1例 ;平均年龄 31岁 ;上颌牙龈 14例 ,下颌牙龈 2 0例。肿块为局部软组织突出表现。X线片和手术中见五例牙槽骨有吸收改变。三例术后复发。组织学上 ,肿瘤由致密结缔组织组成 ,含数量不等的成纤维细胞 ,一例伴有颗粒细胞。肿瘤边界尚清 ,缺少明显包膜。结论 :周边型牙源性纤维瘤临床表现与龈瘤不能区分 ,组织学主要为WHO型牙源性纤维瘤 ,手术切除不彻底易复发。     

肛管直肠恶性黑色素瘤的临床病理特点并文献复习

目的:探讨肛管直肠恶性黑色素瘤的临床病理特征、免疫表型、诊断及鉴别诊断。方法:对5例肛管直肠恶性黑色素瘤病例的组织形态、免疫组化等进行观察,并复习相关文献。结果:5例患者男性2例,女性3例,年龄60~84岁,平均70.2岁,临床主要为直肠出血、直肠肿块和疼痛等表现,镜下以上皮样和梭形细胞为主要成分,瘤细胞呈巢团或片状分布伴有多形性,细胞核大而深染,胞浆丰富,细胞有丝分裂指数高,并可见不典型性核分裂象,部分肿瘤细胞内见有黑色素沉着。免疫组化显示肿瘤细胞可表达S-100、HMB-45和Melan A,不表达AE1/AE3。结论:肛管直肠恶性黑色素瘤是一种少见、具有侵袭性的肿瘤,因其解剖学部位和非特异性临床表现,诊断较困难,确诊有赖于常规病理和免疫组化,临床医师应当高度重视该病,避免延误治疗。