绵阳市农村狂犬病防治知识调查

目的了解绵阳市农村人群对狂犬病防治知识的知晓情况,为开展有效健康教育提供依据。方法采用自行设计调查问卷分层抽样,以绵阳市9个县市区农村居民和学生为调查对象,进行入屋调查。结果共有效调查894人,学生331人,农民563人。调查对象狂犬病基本知识知晓率为86.99%;狂犬病伤口处理和疫苗注射相关知识知晓率为55.13%;养犬相关法规知识知晓率为71.67%。结论绵阳市农村人群狂犬病的知晓率偏低,是健康教育的重点人群。     

Response to breast health screening program at a not‐for‐profit clinic for working poor,uninsured, ethnically diverse women

Aims and objectives. Examine the effect of an ongoing breast health screening program, at a not‐for‐profit, non‐government assisted, volunteer clinic, specifically examining mammography usage and to discover variables to improve the rate of mammography. Background. Detection of breast cancer in women of low socio‐economic status, lacking health insurance, can be improved by increasing annual mammography rates, yet little is known about their screening behaviour. Design. Quantitative, retrospective subject‐controlled study. Methods. Subject‐controlled, longitudinal study of English and Spanish‐speaking women 40 years old and over, working poor, and uninsured, who participated in a comprehensive screening program that included a 7‐minute breast health educational DVD (n = 223). Results. Radiology records, breast health behaviours and beliefs indicated 76% of women invited for a second test completed it over a year after viewing the educational DVD. Chi‐square and t‐test indicated two significant findings for completing annual mammography in the 12th month: receiving a reminder postcard and scoring lower on perceptions of breast cancer susceptibility. Two significant findings for completing annual mammography even if late are knowledgeable about screening recommendations and ethnically identifying as Hispanic. Conclusions. This study shows statistically significant actions that can be undertaken to strengthen programs: reminder postcards, assessing susceptibility score and screening recommendation education. Relevance to clinical practice. Simple, inexpensive interventions encourage working, uninsured, Hispanic women to complete mammography.     

A pilot feasibility study of mindfulness childbirth education for women with a history of sexual trauma

Backgroundand purpose: Pregnant women with a history of sexual trauma are at increased risk for mood disorders. Mindfulness interventions delivered prenatally may reduce risk of mood disorders. The purpose of this pilot was to examine the feasibility and acceptability of Mindfulness-Based Childbirth and Parenting (MBCP) for women with a history of sexual trauma.Materials and methodsA one-group repeated measures design was employed, involving three assessments: baseline, post-intervention and at eight weeks postpartum. Twelve pregnant women were recruited and enrolled. Self-report measures and open-ended written questionnaires were used to assess health outcomes and intervention acceptability.ResultsResults show high satisfaction with the program, an immediate reduction in prenatal anxiety, and longitudinal increase in interoceptive awareness skills.ConclusionThe results suggest the feasibility and acceptability of the MBCP approach for women with a history of sexual trauma.     

上海浦东新区MCI人群的痴呆相关知识知晓的调查 及慢性病的关注度对知晓率的影响

目的 调查上海市浦东新区入册MCI老人痴呆相关知识知晓情况及慢性病的关注度对知晓率的影响。方法 采用自行设计的老年痴呆防治相关知识知晓率的调查表，包括性别、年龄、学历等一般情况及相关知识问卷等测量工具对2016年入档的942名MCI干预项目老人痴呆知识知晓率开展调查，根据客观及主观认为有无慢性病将MCI分为四组，分别为无慢性病（A组），仅客观有慢性病（B组），仅主观有慢性病（C组），客观及主观均有慢性病（D组），比较各组对痴呆相关知识知晓率的情况。结果 通过独立样本T检验提示，有慢性病组的痴呆严重性、影响因素、总分准确率显著高于无慢性病组,其差异具有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)，通过多重比较的LSD法进一步两两比较，在痴呆严重性准确率维度上，D组准确率最低,具有显著性差异（P﹤0.01）; 在就医信息、概念、总分准确率上， B组最低，其差异具有统计学意义（P ﹤0.05）；在影响因素准确率上，C组显著高于B组及D组,其结果具有显著性差异（P ﹤0.01）；在总分准确率上， C组高于D组，其差异具有统计学意义（P ﹤0.01）。结论：有慢性病组对痴呆相关知识知晓率高于无慢性病组。无慢性病MCI对慢性病的适度关注及注意力有益于对痴呆相关知识的了解，同时有慢性病MCI对患慢性病关注不足或回避态度将不利于MCI的早期识别，进一步延误病情。加强社区慢性病健康相关知识的宣教，积极的关注自身的健康，对慢性病引起足够的重视，有助于减少痴呆的发病。     

药师处方权认知度和支持度的初步调查

目的：了解医护人员、药师和公众对药师"部分"处方权的认知度和支持度。方法：对医护人员、药师以及公众进行问卷调查。结果：医生、护士和公众对药师"部分"处方权非常清楚或比较清楚的分别占35.70%、36.24%、33.44%，药师占57.05%，医生、护士和公众对赋予药师"部分"处方权完全同意或同意的分别占82.01%、76.74%、83.12%，药师占94.82%，而且认知度与支持度在0.01水平上显著相关，不同年龄、学历、职业、职称、医院级别等的支持度有统计学意义。结论：医护人员、药师和公众对于药师"部分"处方权的概念、资格准入等内容认知不足，但认可赋予药师"部分"处方权的好处，并且对赋予药师"部分"处方权持积极态度，认知情况越好支持度越高；医护人员、药师和公众对于赋予药师"部分"处方权的支持度，存在"老年高于青年，高职称高于低职称，高级别医院高于低级别医院，学历差异较大"等现象。