手术室火灾原因分析及预防

通过对手术室引发火灾的原因进行分析,提出火灾发生主要是环境中氧气浓度过高,酒精消毒液残留局部皮肤,电刀笔使用中产生局部高温,手术室电器设备、线路缺乏维护和检修,致使线路破损发生漏电和短路。为避免火灾的发生,重点要做好三方面工作:完善手术室管理,加强手术室工作人员的防火意识,注意术中管理。     

手术衣和手术单阻湿态微生物穿透检测方法的研究

介绍了按ISO22610对手术衣和手术单阻湿态微生物穿透性能试验开展的性能监视试验情况。     

耳穴贴压法配合滋阴降火中药对真性性早熟女童生长的影响

目的:探索适合国情的治疗特发性真性性早熟的有效方法,观察耳穴贴压法配合滋阴降火中药对真性性早熟女童预测身高的影响.方法:对30例女童真性性早熟患儿予耳穴贴压配合滋阴降火中药口服,比较治疗前后预测身高的变化.结果:患儿治疗后,骨龄差/年龄差(△AB/ △CA)值从1.34±0.63下降为0.65±0.32(P＜0.01),最终身高的预测值从149.7±3.6增加至153.5±3.8(P＜0.01).结论:耳穴贴压配合滋阴降火中药可明显减慢骨骼生长,延缓骨骼成熟,提高预测身高.     

清肝泻心法及滋阴润燥法治疗2型糖尿病的临床研究

目的:探讨清肝泻心法、滋阴润燥法及两法合用对2型糖尿病的影响,分别评价其改善胰岛素抵抗及治疗2型糖尿病的疗效差异。方法:120例患者随机分为4组,每组各30例,第1组采用清肝泻心法及滋阴润燥法治疗,第2组为清肝泻心法组,第3组为滋阴润燥法组,第4组采用罗格列酮4mg/d口服,均治疗1个月。用ELISA法检测并比较治疗前后4组的血清抵抗素、脂联素、瘦素、肿瘤坏死因子-α、白介素-6水平并同时检测并比较治疗前后4组的血压、血糖、血脂、胰岛素抵抗水平。结果:4组治疗后均能降低血糖(P<0.01),但4组间差值比较无差异性(P>0.05)。第1及第4组均能降低血脂、FINS,升高了胰岛索敏感性指数,4组间差值比较第1及第4组明显优于第2及第3组(P<0.01)。第1、2、3组均能改善中医临床症状,但第1组作用最好,优于其他各组(P<0.01),第4组则无明显改善(P>0.05)。4组治疗后均能降低CRP(P<0.01或P<0.05)。第1、2、4组瘦素、肿痛坏死因子-α、白介素-6水平下降(P<0.01或P<0.05),第3组上述指标则无差异性改变。第1、4组抵抗素水平明显降低、脂联素水平升高(P<0.01或P<0.05),而第2、3组上述指标则无差异性改变(P>0.05)。4组间上述6项指标比较均显示第1、4组差异性明显(P<0.01),而第2组与第3组组间比较在降低C反应蛋白、瘦素、肿瘤坏死因子-α、白介素-6水平方面,第2组优于第3组有差异性(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论:清肝泻心滋阴润燥法能有效改善2型糖尿病的胰岛素抵抗,减轻患者临床症状,其作用机理可能与调节脂肪细胞及炎症因子的产生,抑制炎症反应有关。     

乙醇与硫酸镁湿敷预防阿奇霉素引起静脉损伤的效果观察

目的预防阿奇霉素引起的静脉损伤,寻找疗效确切的药物。方法选择剖宫产术后静脉滴注阿奇霉素引起静脉损伤140例产妇,随机分为观察组与对照组各70例。观察组选择静脉75%乙醇湿敷,对照组选择静脉50%硫酸镁湿敷,2组均于穿刺点上3cm处外敷,湿敷至静脉输液完毕后30min,每天观察记录1次,连续5d。结果观察组75%乙醇湿敷较对照组50%硫酸镁湿敷,静脉损伤发生率低。结论静脉75%乙醇湿敷疗效优于50%硫酸镁。     

余师愚《疫诊一得》论疫特色

从运气学说、疫疹的病因、病机、与伤寒的鉴别、治疗及谴方用药等方面对疫疹进行了探讨，剖析了余师愚温疫理论、学术思想及其治方用药的规律和特点。     

The hidden victims of disaster: Helper stress

The effects of disaster work on helpers, both of the emergency services type (rescue, recovery, and identification personnel) and those who offer psychological support, are reviewed. In terms of emotional, cognitive and behavioural effects, a significant number experience short-term stress and a small percentage experience long-term effects, which may be of the fluctuating nature. The extent and nature of the encounter with death, and organizational factors appear as particular stressors. Coping styles (eg hardiness), age, experience and social support have been identified as moderating factors. Positive, as well as negative effects are observed.     

高温作业分级标准在造船工业中的应用

进行高温作业分级工作的同时,按照NIOSH建议的装置,连续观察二小时热环境参数的变化,根据所得之观察值,计算出下列热应激评价指标:有效热紧张指数(EHSI)、皮肤湿润程度(W)及容许热接触时间(AET)。经相关分析,不同等级与EHSI呈正相关(r=0.8982,P<0.05),而等级与AET间则呈负相关(r=-0.9113,P<0.05),并且此两变量间有直线回归关系,回归方程为AET(分钟)=162.4-36.96×等级,由此式可求出Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ高温作业分级时的AET之值分别为125.44、88.48、51.52及14.56分钟。     

Do Smoke Alarms Still Function a Year After Installation? A Follow-Up of the Get-Alarmed Campaign

The Get-Alarmed Campaign Follow-up Study was the second phase of an initiative to assure that homes of families at high risk of fire-related injury and death had functioning smoke alarms. Smoke alarms and/or batteries were installed in over 94 percent of 454 participating households in Schley and Henry Counties, Georgia, in 2000. Before the study began, 60.6 percent of these homes had smoke alarms, but only 36.6 percent had functioning smoke alarms. The follow-up study was designed to determine the experiences of participants with smoke alarms and whether participating households had functioning smoke alarms a year after baseline. Participants were phoned or visited and asked about their experiences with smoke alarms since the baseline study. During the interview, they were asked to test a smoke alarm, the results of which could frequently be heard. Respondents included 237 from Schley County and 113 from Henry County, for an overall 77.1 percent response rate. While 80.3 percent of respondents had a smoke alarm that was heard by the interviewer when it was tested, 6.6 percent reported that their smoke alarm had been disabled or had a dead battery. Over 75 percent of respondents had smoke alarm sound offs in the prior year, predominately due to cooking smoke, but only about 5 percent reported removing the battery or otherwise disabling it to prevent sound offs. However, the measures taken may render a household unprotected at a critical time. Efforts to increase protection with smoke alarms should be augmented with programs to insure adequate and timely testing and maintenance of existing smoke alarms.     

微波照射联合烧伤膏治疗外阴营养不良76例临床观察

目的观察微波照射联合美宝烧伤湿润膏治疗外阴营养不良的临床疗效。方法将76例外阴营养不良患者分为两组：观察组美宝烧伤湿润膏外涂于患处并轻轻按摩，每日1次微波照射，10次1个疗程，连续3个疗程；对照组仅用美宝烧伤湿润膏外涂患处，比较两组疗效。结果观察组40例3个疗程后显效35例（87%）；对照组36例1月疗程后显效28例（77%）。结论微波照射联合美宝烧伤湿润膏治疗外阴营养不良疗效显著，方法简单。