女性吸毒人员的吸毒因素、社会化状况及应对措施

目的:了解女性吸毒人员社会化基本状况,并对其应对方式进行分析。方法:问卷调查、个案访谈及对在册病案进行回顾性分析及采用单因素Logistic回归分析。结果:诱发女性吸毒的因素众多,采用单因素Logistic回归分析OR值2 0以上,并有显著性意义的因素有:受教育程度、职业状况、婚姻状况、好奇、同伴影响、感情受挫、寻求刺激和减肥。结论:社会化不足是导致女性吸毒、影响其戒毒和保持戒毒后操守的重要因素,有针对性地对女性吸毒人员实施有效的社会化治疗是必要和有效的。     

复方保元煎对老龄雌性小鼠阴道、子宫及性激素的影响

目的探讨复方保元煎对老龄雌性小鼠阴道、子宫及生殖激素变化的影响。方法选择15个月龄老龄雌性小鼠90只,体重(49±1.3)g,将其随机分为复方保元煎高剂量组30只,复方保元煎低剂量组30只,空白对照组30只,各组给药3个月,麻醉后颈动脉取血分离血清,测血清促黄体生成素(LH)、孕酮(P)、雌二醇(E2)、血促卵泡激素(FSH),处死后剥离阴道及子宫称重,HE染色观察子宫组织形态学变化。结果复方保元煎高剂量组和低剂量组用药后老龄雌性小鼠阴道和子宫重量显著提高,均明显优于空白对照组(P<0.01),复方保元煎高剂量组和低剂量组之间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。复方保元煎高剂量组和低剂量组均能明显延缓甚至逆转小鼠子宫萎缩状况。复方保元煎高剂量组和低剂量组用药后老龄雌性小鼠血清E2、LH、P、FSH含量比较均有显著性差异(P<0.01),用药后与空白对照组比较均有显著性差异(P<0.01),复方保元煎高剂量组与低剂量组用药前后比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论复方保元煎能有效调节衰老小鼠的激素水平,延缓和逆转小鼠生殖系统退化,为开发治疗绝经后冠心病天然雌激素新药提供了可借鉴的实验依据。     

Association of vitamin D receptor and estrogen receptor-αgene polymorphism with peak bone mass and bone size in Chinese women

AIM: To investigate if vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene Apa I polymorphism and estrogen receptor-α (ER-α) gene Pvu II, Xba I polymorphisms are related to bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC) and bone size in premenopausal Chinese women. METHODS: The VDR Apa I genotype and ER-α Pvu II, Xba I genotype were determined by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) in 493 unrelated healthy women aged 20-40 years of Han nationality in Shanghai city.…     

补肾活血法对子宫内膜异位症不孕患者基础体温的影响

目的:探讨补肾活血法对子宫内膜异位症不孕患者基础体温的影响。方法:将45例内异症不孕患者按2∶1随机分为中药治疗组和西药内美通对照组,经过6个月经周期的治疗后比较两组基础体温的变化。结果:治疗组在治疗前后黄体时间的高低温差呈增加趋势,体温上升时间及黄体期体温波动呈下降趋势;对照组在治疗前后黄体时间、高低温差、体温上升时间和黄体期体温波动无显著差异。结论:补肾活血法治疗内异症不孕,能影响基础体温,提示中药对卵巢功能有调整作用。     

What it Means to Bleed: An Exploration of Young Women's Experiences of Menarche and Menstruation

As a topic of psychoanalytic inquiry, menstruation is surprisingly absent from psychoanalytic literature: menstruation as a part of female psychosexual development is in need of further empirical exploration. The research uses semi‐structured interviews with six young women to explore individual experiences of the menarche and menstruation. The data is analysed using narrative and thematic analysis and interpretations, made within a (broadly classical) psychoanalytic frame, drive the results. In this condensed version of the research, three central findings will be discussed: (1) the role of mother in negotiating the menarche; (2) the difficulty of irregular periods and the fear that something internal has ‘gone wrong’; (3) the link to ideas of mess, dirt and shame, potentially reflective of feelings about sexuality. The research concludes that menstruation is an area worthy of careful psychoanalytic consideration in theory and in clinical practice.     

Construction of boundary-surface-based Chinese female astronaut computational phantom and proton dose estimation

With the rapid development of China''s space industry, the importance of radiation protection is increasingly prominent. To provide relevant dose data, we first developed the Visible Chinese Human adult Female (VCH-F) phantom, and performed further modifications to generate the VCH-F Astronaut (VCH-FA) phantom, incorporating statistical body characteristics data from the first batch of Chinese female astronauts as well as reference organ mass data from the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP; both within 1% relative error). Based on cryosection images, the original phantom was constructed via Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline (NURBS) boundary surfaces to strengthen the deformability for fitting the body parameters of Chinese female astronauts. The VCH-FA phantom was voxelized at a resolution of 2 × 2 × 4 mm³for radioactive particle transport simulations from isotropic protons with energies of 5000–10 000 MeV in Monte Carlo N-Particle eXtended (MCNPX) code. To investigate discrepancies caused by anatomical variations and other factors, the obtained doses were compared with corresponding values from other phantoms and sex-averaged doses. Dose differences were observed among phantom calculation results, especially for effective dose with low-energy protons. Local skin thickness shifts the breast dose curve toward high energy, but has little impact on inner organs. Under a shielding layer, organ dose reduction is greater for skin than for other organs. The calculated skin dose per day closely approximates measurement data obtained in low-Earth orbit (LEO).     

Effects of High-Fat Diet and Maternal Binge-Like Alcohol Consumption and Their Influence on Cocaine Response in Female Mice Offspring

BackgroundPrenatal alcohol exposure is a leading cause of neurobehavioral and neurocognitive deficits collectively known as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, including eating disorders and increased risk for substance abuse as very common issues. In this context, the present study aimed to assess the interaction between prenatal and lactation alcohol exposure (PLAE) and a high-fat diet (HFD) during childhood and adolescence.MethodsPregnant C57BL/6 mice underwent a procedure for alcohol binge drinking during gestation and lactation periods. Subsequently, PLAE female offspring were fed with an HFD for 8 weeks, and thereafter, nutrition-related parameters as well as their response to cocaine were assessed.ResultsIn our model, feeding young females with an HFD increased their triglyceride blood levels but did not induce overweight compared with those fed with a standard diet. Moreover, PLAE affected how females responded to the fatty diet as they consumed less food than water-exposed offspring, consistent with a lower gain of body weight. HFD increased the psychostimulant effects of cocaine. Surprisingly, PLAE reduced the locomotor responses to cocaine without modifying cocaine-induced reward. Moreover, PLAE prevented the striatal overexpression of cannabinoid 1 receptors induced by an HFD and induced an alteration of myelin damage biomarker in the prefrontal cortex, an effect that was mitigated by an HFD-based feeding.ConclusionTherefore, in female offspring, some effects triggered by one of these factors, PLAE or an HFD, were blunted by the other, suggesting a close interaction between the involved mechanisms.     

某二级综合医院女职工孕期劳动保护需求情况调查

目的:了解上海市某二级甲等综合医院女职工孕期劳动保护需求情况。方法:便利抽取上海市某二级甲等综合医院的392名女职工,运用女职工孕期劳动保护需求调查表进行问卷调查。结果:孕期休长假需求情况:23.1%的女职工认为怀孕后需全程休假,61.4%的女职工认为需根据身体及岗位而定;孕期工间休息需求情况:87.4%的女职工认为怀孕后需全程安排工间休息,且希望孕早、中期工间休息的时间为30分钟,7个月后工间休息的时间为60分钟;生育后岗位安排:83.4%的女职工希望生育后回原岗位。不同职业、科室及是否准备生二胎情况的女职工其孕期全程休假需求率比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05),职业为护士、科室为病房、准备生二胎的女职工孕期休长假需求较高。结论:医院相关部门应做好女职工孕期劳动保护工作,在保障女职工休息、休假及生育待遇方面权利的同时,采取合理措施,通过人性化排班制度,提供多元化的岗位选择及加强工间休息等举措来调动女职工的工作积极性,降低女职工孕期全程休假事件的发生率,以有效利用有限的人力资源。