冠心病患者血清心肌肌钙蛋白I自身抗体检测的意义

摘要：目的：观察冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病（CHD）患者血清心肌肌钙蛋白I（cardiac troponin I,cTnI）自身抗体的阳性率和临床意义。 方法：病例对照研究。收集2015年9月至2016年5月南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院心内科CHD患者200例和健康体检者200例,用间接ELISA法检测抗cTnI自身抗体（anti-cardiac troponin I antibodies,anti-cTnI）,并分析其一般资料、相关临床生化指标和冠脉血管病变情况。 结果：CHD患者anti-cTnI阳性率10.5%（21/200）,健康体检者阳性率为2.0%（4/200）,CHD患者高于健康体检者（P＜0.01）;根据抗体检测结果将研究对象分为冠心病患者抗体阳性组,冠心病患者抗体阴性组和健康对照者抗体阳性组。冠心病患者抗体阳性组中位年龄、Glu水平高于健康对照者抗体阳性组（P均＜0.05）,HDL-C、apoAⅠ水平低于健康对照者抗体阳性组（P均＜0.01）;CHD患者抗体阳性组中位年龄与Gensini评分高于抗体阴性组,而HDL-C水平低于抗体阴性者（P均＜0.05）。 结论：Anti-cTnI更可能出现在年龄较高且冠脉狭窄病变较严重的冠心病患者中,血清低HDL-C和apoAⅠ水平可能与anti-cTnI产生有关。     

Anti-p53 autoantibody in colorectal cancer: prognostic significance in long-term follow-up

Background The prognostic significance of anti-53 autoantibody in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients is unclear due to measurement of overall rather than disease-specific survival and generally short follow-up periods in many studies. We aim to investigate prognostic significance of anti-p53 auto-antibodies in a study with long-term follow-up (minimum 5 years). Methods ELISA for anti-p53 autoantibody was assayed in serum from 92 patients with CRC and 28 controls. Results Anti-p53 autoantibody was found in 20 patients (21.7%) and none of the controls. No difference in Dukes’ (A/B vs. C/D), Stage (I/II vs. III/IV), T1/2 vs. T3/4, N0 vs. N1/2, M0 vs. M1, poor vs. well/moderate differentiation and proximal vs. distal CRC was observed. Median overall survival was 62 months and median disease-specific survival was 73 months. Dukes’ C/D, Stage III/IV, N1/2 and M1 were associated with poor disease-specific survival in univariate analysis. Stage III/IV was an independent prognostic factor in overall and disease-free survival in multivariate analysis. Anti-p53 autoantibody sero-positivity did not influence overall (p = 0.980) or disease-specific survival (p = 0.874). Median overall survival in anti-p53 autoantibody positive patients was 62 months vs. 60 months in anti-53 autoantibody negative patients. Median disease-specific survival in anti-p53 autoantibody positive patients was 73 months vs. 82 months. Conclusion Anti-p53 autoantibody is not related to clinical parameters of CRC and has no prognostic significance in long-term follow-up.     

International study to compare antigen-specific methods used for the measurement of antiplatelet autoantibodies

Platelet-associated and plasma autoantibodies against platelet glycoproteins (GP) have been demonstrated in patients with autoimmune thrombocytopenia (AITP) using various methods. Eight laboratories in seven countries participated in this international study to evaluate the interlaboratory agreement using glycoprotein-specific immunoassays for these autoantibodies. The participating laboratories received blind samples of frozen washed platelets and plasma from 22 normal donors and 22 AITP patients. Platelet-associated and plasma autoantibodies against GPIIb–IIIa and GPIb–IX were measured by MAIPA, immunobead assay or modified antigen capture assay. Of the control samples, 96.0% and 97.2% of all results for platelet-associated and plasma autoantibodies to GPIIb–IIIa/GPIb–IX, respectively, were negative. The mean variation coefficient of the control samples of platelet-associated and plasma autoantibodies was 89.5% (range 11.1–272.9%) and 46.5% (range 21.0–78.0%), respectively. In 20/22 patient samples, platelet-associated autoantibodies to either glycoprotein were noted by at least two laboratories. The mean degree of agreement in these samples was 74.0%. There was a significant correlation in the individual antibody measurements between all laboratories (Kendall coefficient of concordance 0.60 and 0.38, P < 0.001; Spearman rank order test, range of correlation coefficient 52.3–94.0% and 42.2–85.0%, P < 0.05, for anti-GPIIb–IIIa and anti-GPIb–IX, respectively). In contrast, plasma autoantibodies to either glycoprotein were noted by at least two laboratories in only 13/22 patient samples. Moreover, the degree of agreement was poor (50.1%) and a significant correlation was noted between only six pairs of laboratories. We conclude that methods used in this study yield good interlaboratory agreement in measuring platelet-associated autoantibodies against GPIIb–IIIa and GPIb–IX. In contrast, poor agreement was found in detecting plasma autoantibodies to the same glycoproteins.     

阿达木单抗治疗类风湿关节炎的疗效和安全性

目的:评价肿瘤坏死因子α拮抗剂阿达木单抗短期治疗类风湿关节炎(RA)的临床疗效及安全性,同时检测治疗前后类风湿因子(RF)和抗环瓜氨酸肽抗体(抗CCP抗体)滴度的变化,为RA疗效评估寻找新的指标。方法:随机双盲平行试验,纳入40例活动性RA患者,按2∶2∶1的比例被随机分配到试验组或对照组,试验组分为80 mg阿达木单抗+甲氨喋呤(MTX)、40 mg阿达木单抗+MTX两组,对照组为安慰剂+MTX。受试者隔周接受皮下注射阿达木单抗或同等体积的安慰剂,并在试验第0,2,4,8,12周随访,评价疗效及不良事件收集。疗效采用ACR核心标准评定。次要疗效指标包括压痛和肿胀关节数、晨僵时间、疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS评分)、健康评估问卷(HAQ)和CRP。基线时及12周治疗结束后检测RF、抗CCP抗体。结果:试验组32例,对照组8例。12周后试验组患者ACR20、ACR50和ACR70缓解的比例都显著高于对照组(P<0.01);试验组患者关节触痛数、关节肿胀数、晨僵持续时间、疼痛VAS评分及健康状况问卷(HAQ)、CRP等次要疗效指标均较基线时水平明显降低(P<0.05);试验组RF血清滴度和抗CCP抗体均较基线时水平显...     

初诊原发性干燥综合征75例临床分析

目的：了解原发性干燥综合征（primary Sj gren′s syndrome,pSS）患者的临床特点,提高对本病的认识。方法：对75例pSS患者的临床与相关实验室资料进行回顾性分析。结果：主要首发临床表现是关节痛54例,口干51例,眼干44例,猖獗龋齿20例,发热19例,吞咽困难15例,腮腺肿大13例;实验室检测显示贫血27例,WBC减少26例,BPC减少11例。抗SSA或抗SSB阳性的患者眼干和中性粒细胞比例减低的发生率与SSA和SSB阴性者差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：pSS患者早期症状不典型,容易误诊、漏诊;诊断时应注意综合临床症状和实验室检查结果。     

转移因子胶囊对自身免疫性甲状腺病的免疫调节作用

目的自身免疫性甲状腺病(AITD)患者体内存在高滴度甲状腺自身抗体(TAA):抗甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(TPOAb)和甲状腺球蛋白抗体(TgAb),参与甲状腺滤泡细胞的自身免疫紊乱过程。本研究探讨免疫调节剂转移因子胶囊是否可降低AITD患者TAA的浓度。方法 62例AITD患者分为A组33例,按甲状腺激素水平给予抗甲状腺药物(ATDs)或左旋甲状腺素(L-T4)治疗,甲功正常者仅观察;B组29例,在上述治疗基础上加转移因子胶囊口服。治疗前及治疗3个月后检测TAA滴度,进行组间及组内比较分析。结果组内治疗前后比较:与同组治疗前相比,A组治疗后TPOAb及TgAb滴度均无明显下降(P值均>0.05);B组治疗后TPOAb及TgAb滴度均显著下降(P值均<0.05)。组间比较:治疗前两组间TPOAb及TgAb滴度均无显著差异(P值均>0.05);治疗后两组的TPOAb及TgAb滴度均呈下降趋势,下降幅度B组显著大于A组(P<0.01);治疗后两组间TPOAb及TgAb滴度均有显著差异(P值均<0.05)。结论 AITD患者体内存在高滴度的TPOAb及TgAb,免疫调节剂转移因子胶囊可明显降低AITD患者的TPOAb及TgAb滴度。     

Autoantibody to alanyl-tRNA synthetase in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The pathogenesis of IPF is unknown and it is hypothesized that immunological responses are involved. The purpose of this study was to detect autoantibodies in IPF patients and to identify the relevant antigens. METHODS: Sera from 37 healthy subjects and 22 IPF patients who had no clinical symptoms of collagen vascular disease were examined for immunostaining of A549 human type II cells and human lung tissue. Immunoprecipitation and proteome analysis were performed to identify the antigen. RESULTS: Fifty per cent of the patient sera and none of the control sera exhibited positive staining. Sera from 10 of the 22 IPF patients showed positive immunohistochemistry and immunoprecipitated a 110-kDa protein from the A549 cell lysate. Sera from only two of 41 patients with collagen vascular disease showed positive immunoreactivity. Proteome analysis using tandem mass spectrometry revealed that the protein was alanyl-tRNA synthetase. Transfection of cDNA of this enzyme into CHO-K1 cells conferred positive staining on these cells with the patients' IgG. The 135-kDa fusion protein consisting of 108-kDa enzyme protein and 27-kDa YFP from the cell lysate of the transfected cells was immunoprecipitated by the patient IgG. In addition, sera from IPF patients significantly inhibited the enzyme activity of alanyl-tRNA synthetase. CONCLUSION: A significant number of IPF patients possess circulating autoantibodies against alanyl-tRNA synthetase, suggesting the involvement of an autoimmune background in the pathogenesis of IPF.     

Anti-myeloperoxidase antibodies enhance phagocytosis,IL-8 production,and glucose uptake of polymorphonuclear neutrophils rather than anti-proteinase 3 antibodies leading to activation-induced cell death of the neutrophils

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) not only are triggered by target protein myeloperoxidase (MPO) and proteinase 3 (PR3) of polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) but also react with primed PMN to exert the inflammatory process in vasculitis syndrome. To clarify the crucial role of PMN in ANCA-associated vasculitis and the related mechanism, PMN was cultured with monoclonal antibody MPO–ANCA and PR3–ANCA to determine the function of phagocytosis, Interleukin- 8 (IL-8) production, glucose uptake, and TNF-related apoptosis induced ligand (TRAIL) production. The spontaneous membrane expression of MPO and PR3 on PMN could be significantly increased by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and TNF-α, but not by IL-8 or GRO-α. The PMN-stimulating activity of ANCA was demonstrated by enhancing phagocytosis, IL-8 production, and glucose uptake that was more prominent by MPO–ANCA. The PMN stimulation by ANCA was not through protein kinase, H₂O₂, or superoxide anion radicals as their inhibitors exerted no effect on ANCA-mediated activation. On the other hand, ANCA also accelerated PMN apoptosis and increased TRAIL production. These results demonstrate that activation-induced cell death (AICD) mechanism could be initiated in PMN with existence of ANCA. In conclusion, MPO–ANCA is more potent in stimulating PMN than PR3–ANCA. ANCA-activated PMN is not only responsible for the amplified inflammatory process in blood vessel but also initiates immune circuit via triggered macrophage/monocyte by apoptotic PMN through the mechanism of AICD elicited by ANCA.     

抗核基质蛋白2抗体阳性炎性肌病临床及病理分析

目的 探讨抗核基质蛋白2（NXP2）抗体阳性炎性肌病患者的临床表现、肌肉病理特点和治疗。方法 回顾性分析就诊于我院的4例抗NXP2抗体阳性炎性肌病患者的临床表现、肌肉病理改变和治疗方法。结果 4例患者均出现对称性四肢近端无力,2例出现皮肌炎样皮疹,3例出现吞咽困难,2例出现肢体水肿。3例血清肌酸激酶显著升高,1例正常;4例肌电图均为肌源性损害;4例下肢肌肉磁共振显示肌肉及筋膜组织水肿信号;4例血清抗NXP2抗体阳性。肌肉病理3例表现为束周萎缩,血管周围和肌束膜炎性细胞浸润;1例表现为间质水肿。4例患者均给予糖皮质激素治疗,随访3例患者好转,1例出院后意外死亡。结论 抗NXP2抗体阳性炎性肌病以皮肌炎为主要临床表现,多伴有吞咽困难和肢体水肿,肌肉磁共振显示肌肉及筋膜水肿信号;主要病理特点为束周萎缩;糖皮质激素治疗效果较好。