丝瓜叶化学成分的研究

从丝瓜(Luffa cylindrica Roem.)叶中分得一种新的五环三萜皂甙和芹菜素,用光谱和化学方法确定该皂甙的结构为21β-羟基齐墩果酸-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙,命名为丝瓜皂甙Q。     

白茅根化学成分研究

从白茅（Imperata cylindrica Beauv.var.major(Nees)C.E.Hubb.)的根茎中分离得到两种化合物，根据理化性质及波谱分析分别鉴定为α－联苯双酯（1）和4，7－二甲氧基－5－甲基香豆素（2）。这两个化合物均为首次从该属植物中分得。α－联苯双酯具有显著的保肝作用。     

酢浆草白茅根煎剂辅助治疗急性黄疸型肝炎52例临床观察

目的观察酢浆草白茅根煎剂联合西医疗法用于急性黄疸型肝炎的临床疗效。方法将急性黄疸型肝炎患者101例随机分为治疗组52例和对照组49例。对照组仅予以西医治疗,治疗组在对照组治疗基础上辅以酢浆草白茅根煎剂治疗。观察并比较2组临床疗效及肝功能改善情况。结果治疗组临床治愈率为51.92%,高于对照组的22.45%,差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。但2组临床总有效率分别为95.15%、93.88%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组治疗后总胆红素(TBIL)、直接胆红素(DBIL)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)及天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)水平均低于治疗前,且治疗组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论酢浆草白茅根煎剂辅助治疗急性黄疸型肝炎明显优于单纯西医治疗的效果。     

气相色谱法测定丝瓜子中4种脂肪酸的含量

目的： 建立气相色谱法测定不同产地丝瓜子脂肪油中4种脂肪酸含量的方法,为丝瓜子质量评价和标准制定提供实验依据。 方法： 采用HP-FFAP毛细管色谱柱（0.2 mm×50 m,0.3 μm）,载气高纯度氮气,流速0.5 mL·min^-1,分流比23：1,柱温235℃,进样口温度250℃,初始温80℃,FID检测器,温度250℃,空气流量450 mL·min^-1,氢气流量45 mL·min^-1。 结果： 丝瓜子中棕榈酸质量分数为2.325%~2.985%;硬脂酸质量分数为1.198%~1.771%,油酸质量分数为2.212%~5.159%,亚油酸质量分数为7.383%~13.578%。 结论： 该方法准确、可靠、重复性好,可用于丝瓜子脂肪油中亚油酸、油酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸的质量控制。     

Bioactivity Guided Fractionation and Elucidation of Anti-Cancer Properties of Imperata Cylindrica Leaf Extracts

Background: In our earlier study, we reported the anticancer effect of methanolic extracts of, I. cylindrica leaf (ICL) against human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines SCC-9. The cytotoxic effect of ICL methanolic extract was specific to the cancer cells and not to the normal cells. The present study aimed to fractionate the ICL methanolic extract to derive anticancer bioactives. Methods: The ICL methanolic extract was subjected to a bioactivity guided fractionation. Cytotoxic, cell cycle inhibitory, apoptosis and caspase gene expression inducing activity of the active fractions were evaluated using MTT assay, FACS analysis, Annexin V binding assay and RT-PCR respectively. Results: The hexane fraction of ICL methanolic extract (ICLH) was observed to be the most bioactive fraction. It was shown to possess effective cytotoxic and cell cycle inhibitory activities against SCC-9 cells. The hexane fraction also induced apoptosis in SCC-9 cells which was further established at the level of caspase 3 and 8 gene expressions. Conclusion: Overall, the results clearly establish the potential of ICLH extract to inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in the SCC-9 cells. Further analysis of the ICLH fraction could result in development of effective anticancer therapeutics. The natural abundance of I. cylindrica with its wide geographic distribution could make it a preferred natural resource for obtaining novel, cost-effective, anticancer therapeutics with minimal systemic side effects.     

Phenolic Compounds from Roots of Imperata cylindrica var. major

Objective To study the chemical constituents from the roots of Imperata cylindrica var.major.Methods The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by combination of silica gel,Sephadex LH-20,polyamide,and ODS column chromatography.The structures of the isolated compounds were identified by means of spectral data and physicochemical property.Results Twelve phenolic compounds were isolated from I.cylindrica var.major and identified as 4,7-dimethoxy-5-methylcoumarin(1),7-hydroxy-4-methoxy-5-methylcoumarin(2),7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-4-methoxy-5-methylcoumarin(3),6-hydroxy-5-methoxyflavone(4),5-methoxyflavone(5),5,7-dihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone(6),4-hydroxybenzaldehyde(7),4-hydroxy-cinnamic acid(8),4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid(9),3,4-dimethoxyphenyl-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside(10),impecyloside(11),and graminone A(12).Conclusion Compounds 2—4,6,and 10 are obtained from this plant for the first time.     

HPLC测定丝瓜根药材中常春藤皂苷元的含量

目的:测定丝瓜根药材中常春藤皂苷元的含量.方法:采用HPLC,Dikma Diamonsil C18色谱柱(钻石)(4.6 mm× 250 mm,5μm),甲醇-水-冰醋酸-三乙胺(85∶15∶0.04∶0.02)为流动相,流速1 mL· min-,检测波长210 nm,柱温35℃.结果:常春藤皂苷元在0.563 2 ～5.632 μg线性关系良好(r=0.999 9),加样回收率97.49％,RSD 1.86％ (n=6),重复性RSD 1.73％ (n=6).结论:方法简便可行,重复性好,可用于丝瓜根药材的质量控制.     

综合评分法优选丝瓜络中利尿成分的提取工艺

目的:优选丝瓜络中利尿成分的最佳提取工艺。方法:通过大鼠尿量选择合适的提取方法;以大鼠24h尿量、丝瓜络总提取物百分率的综合评分为评价指标,以乙醇浓度、回流时间和乙醇用量为影响因素进行正交试验,优选提取丝瓜络利尿成分的最佳工艺。结果:醇回流法为最合适的提取方法。乙醇浓度对评价指标有显著影响,回流时间及乙醇用量对评价指标无显著影响。最佳提取工艺为用70%的乙醇回流提取2次,第1次加8倍量乙醇提取1.5h,第2次加8倍量乙醇提取1h。结论:该方法简便、科学,可为开发丝瓜络的药理作用、临床应用提供理论依据。     

丝瓜叶成分对脑缺血大鼠学习记忆障碍及皮层体感诱发电位的影响

目的:研究丝瓜叶成分L-6a 和L-10 对脑缺血大鼠学习记忆障碍及皮层体感诱发电位(SEP) 的影响。方法:用脑缺血大鼠模型,侧脑室注射(icv)给药,以穿梭箱主动回避反应(AAR) 测定学习记忆行为;用SYD₄₂₂₈ 型生理实验系统测定皮层体感诱发电位。结果:L-6a 0-5 mg·kg^-1 显著促进脑缺血大鼠AAR的获得;0-25 mg·kg^-1 时,无明显影响;L-6a 0-5 及0-25 mg·kg^-1 均显著延缓AAR的消退;脑缺血后,L-6a(0-5 mg·kg^-1) 也减缓SEP波幅下降及其潜伏期延长;脑缺血再通后,L-6a 和L-10(0-5 mg·kg^-1)均加大SEP振幅增高,缩短其潜伏期。结论:L-6a 有显著促进脑障碍大鼠脑功能恢复的作用。     

丝瓜叶新成分L-6a和L-10对大鼠学习记忆及海马内生长抑素的影响

目的：研究丝瓜叶新成分Ｌ６ａ和Ｌ１０对大鼠学习记忆及海马内生长抑素的影响．方法：ｉｃｖ大鼠分别用穿梭箱被动回避反应及免疫组化、图像分析等法进行．结果：Ｌ６ａ（２５μｇ）组记忆保持功能明显增强（Ｐ＜００５），生长抑素免疫反应物（ＳｏｍＬＩ）的面密度和数密度显著增加（Ｐ＜００５）；其余各组记忆保持功能增加不显著（Ｐ＞００５），Ｌ１０（２５μｇ）组ＳｏｍＬＩ的面密度及（５０μｇ）组ＳｏｍＬＩ的面密度和数密度值均显著增加（Ｐ＜００５）．结论：Ｌ６ａ（２５μｇ）具有增强记忆保持功能和增加ＳｏｍＬＩ的作用，Ｌ１０有增强记忆保持功能的趋势，但不显著，却显著增加海马内的ＳｏｍＬＩ．