硬膜外穿刺针外套管在腹腔镜小儿斜疝高位结扎术中的应用

目的探讨硬膜外穿刺针外套管在腹腔镜小儿斜疝疝囊高位结扎中的应用价值。方法2003年4月-2006年5月,我院对230例小儿斜疝手术应用硬膜外穿刺针外套管代替雪橇钩针实施腹腔镜疝内环口荷包高位结扎术。结果230例手术均获得成功,手术时间：单侧161例8-10 min,嵌顿疝39例15-20 min,双侧30例16-20 min;术后未见有阴囊水肿及睾血疼痛及缺血坏死。术后随访2-6个月111例,6-12个月52例,12-24个月37例,24-36个月30例,无复发。结论硬膜外刺针外套管可替代小儿疝囊结扎专用的雪橇钩针,简便,经济,适合在所有基层医院推广。     

单刺十七椎对原发性痛经患者止痛作用时效规律的观察

目的观察单刺十七椎对原发性痛经患者止痛作用的时效规律。方法单刺十七椎,留针30min,分别记录针刺前即时和留针5min、10min、20min、30min及起针后30min、60min、120min的VAS读值,然后进行统计分析。结果留针30min条件下,单刺十七椎的止痛作用持续加强,直至起针;起针50min后,针刺止痛作用衰减为接近峰值的一半。结论单独针刺十七椎,留针30min的止痛作用优于留针短于30min的止痛效果。针刺十七椎时,留针30min条件下的半衰期较短,对于痛经持续时间在1d左右或更长的患者,针刺频次以每天针刺2次为宜。     

不同采血针对新生儿足跟采血成功率的影响

目的：探讨不同采血针在新生儿疾病筛查采血中的采血效果。方法：采用三种采血针分别对2126例（A组）、1786例（B组）、1471例（C组）新生儿进行足跟采血，比较其采血成功率。结果：A、B、C三组之间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论：采用7号一次性注射针头采血（C组）可明显提高采血成功率。     

小针刀辅助自体脂肪颗粒移植在面部除皱及凹陷充填中的应用

目的探讨小针刀辅助自体脂肪颗粒注射除去额部、眉间、鼻唇沟等部位皱纹及充填面部凹陷的效果。方法利用自制小针刀,离断真皮与其下方的"纤维粘连",然后用自体脂肪颗粒注射除皱和充填凹陷部位。结果本组共68例。修复面积最大约10cm×8cm,最小约1.5cm×0.5cm。随访45例,随访时间3～18个月,效果满意或基本满意。结论小针刀辅助自体脂肪移植具有操作简单、快捷、价廉、安全、无排异、不留瘢痕、术后恢复快等优点,患者易于接受,是除去额部、眉间、鼻唇沟等部位皱纹及填充面部凹陷的有效方法。     

浅谈静脉留置针的临床应用和护理

目的:体会静脉留置针的临床应用和护理、总结经验.方法:观察48例住院患者静脉留置针的使用方法,日常护理及并发症的处理.结果:提高了护理工作的效率,减轻了病人穿刺时的痛苦.结论:护理人员除要熟练掌握操作规程、严格无菌操作外,还应严密观察病人的病情变化.要有高度责任心,从而减轻病人的痛苦.     

The diagnostic value of image guided percutaneous fine needle aspiration biopsy in equivocal mediastinal masses

Background and aims The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic value of image guided percutaneous fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy in equivocal mediastinal masses.Patients Sixty-six patients with an equivocal mediastinal mass who underwent FNA biopsy between 1993 and 2003 were eligible for final analysis. The cytological and definitive diagnosis of masses were grouped as primary 22 (33%)−30 (46%) and secondary (metastatic) neoplasms 18 (27%)−18 (27%) and nonneoplastic lesions 20 (30%)−18 (%27) respectively.Results The diagnostic accuracy (%95 C.I.) of FNA biopsy for primary mediastinal neoplasms, secondary neoplasms and nonneoplastic lesions were found to be 93.3 (83.8–98.2)%, 100 (95.1–100)%, 93.3 (83.8–98.2)%, respectively.Conclusion Image guided percutaneous FNA biopsy is a safe and highly accurate diagnostic method for equivocal mediastinal masses.     

Renal allograft immunosuppression

We have investigated the impact of triple drug immunosuppression on the occurrence of early inflammatory episodes, as detected by fine needle aspiration biopsy, and of episodes of clinical rejection during the immediate postoperative period. The prospective component of this study includes 128 consecutive first cadaveric renal transplant recipients receiving triple drug treatment consisting of azathioprine (Aza), cyclosporin (CyA) and methylprednisolone (MP). For controls we have used three historical groups: one immunosuppressed with Aza and MP (group A), another with CyA monotherapy (group B), and the third with CyA together with MP (group C) in equivalent drug dosages. On the average, 0.8 episodes of inflammation per patient were recorded during the immediate postoperative period of 30 days with triple drug treatment. This was significantly less than the 1.3 episodes in patients receiving Aza and MP (P<0.01), the 1.7 episodes in patients on CyA monotherapy (P<0.001), or the 1.6 episodes in patients receiving CyA together with MP (P<0.001). Although the first episode of inflammation commenced concurrently in each group and the peak intensity of inflammation was the same, the mean duration of inflammation was significantly shorter-2.7 days-under triple drug treatment than the 7.8–11.7 days for controls (P<0.001). The frequency of rejection episodes under triple treatment was also significantly lower-0.2 per patient-than the 0.8 per patient in controls (P<0.001). The first rejection episode occurred later in the triple drug treatment group-on the average, on day 15.2-than in the historical controls (on days 7.7–11.7). There was, however, no difference in the duration of rejection. There were no differences in patient survival between the four groups. Graft survival was 97% at 10 weeks for triple drug-treated recipients and 79%, 68%, and 87% for first grafts in groups A, B, and C, respectively. Disregarding a minor demographic bias for the triple drugtreated group with respect to preformed antibodies and preoperative dialysis treatment, the study suggests that the triple drug protocol, in the short run, is superior to any conceivable double drug combination or CyA monotherapy.     

针吸细胞学诊断乳腺肿块的体会

在欧美,乳腺肿块针吸细胞学诊断于70年代就已得到了成功的应用。近年来国内的一些研究也证实其实用价值。为了进一步提高乳腺细胞学诊断水平,现将我院针吸细胞学诊断乳腺肿块281例中由病理证实的118例进行总结分析。1 材料与方法1.1 临床资料:1986年12月～1990年2月采用针吸细胞学检查诊断乳腺肿块281例,其中118例施行手术并获得病理组织学的证实。细胞学诊断以原始报告为准。女     

A rat model of monitoring liver allograft rejection

Rat models are often used to study liver allograft rejection. We have established a model for rat liver allograft rejection, monitored by fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB), in the strain combination PVG-to-BN with a mean survival time of 37 ± 20 days. In this model, we observed acute rejection with an intense peak of lymphoid blasts and lymphocyte-dominated inflammation in the FNAB [9.1 ± 3.0 corrected increment units (CIU)], and an eventual increase in macrophages (up to 4.2 ± 4.4 CIU), together with fibrosis and parenchymal necrosis in the graft. Markers of immune activation, such as an increase in IL-2-receptor (from 1 % ± 2 % to 21 % ± 13 %) and class II (from 20 % ± 9 % to 43 % ± 13 %) expressing lymphoid cells and induction of ICAM-1 in the graft, were consistent with the overall cellular response. The FNAB correlated well with parallel graft histology. In this rat model, the atraumatic monitoring makes a close follow-up possible without having to sacrifice the experimental animals. This saves work, animals, and costs in the study of liver rejection. Received: 2 July 1996 Accepted: 28 October 1996