中晚期原发性肝癌患者TACE术后早期复发危险因素

目的观察中晚期原发性肝癌(HCC)患者TACE术后早期复发危险因素。方法对42例中晚期原发性HCC患者行TACE治疗,术后随访6个月,对比分析早期复发与未复发患者之间的差异。结果术后6个月中,23例HCC早期复发(复发组),19例未复发(无复发组)。复发组白蛋白35 g/L者占比低于未复发组(P0.05),甲胎蛋白(AFP)400 ng/ml者占比及谷氨酰基转移酶(ALT)水平均高于未复发组(P均0.05)。未复发组肿瘤病理分化程度较高(P0.05),复发组瘤灶相对较多、肿瘤最大径较大,ADC值和包膜完整比例低于未复发组(P均0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,AFP400 ng/ml者占比(OR=3.313,P=0.041)、肿瘤分化程度(OR=1.463,P=0.038)、瘤灶数量(OR=2.216,P=0.028)及肿瘤ADC值(OR=0.025,P=0.003)是TACE术后HCC早期复发的独立危险因素。结论 TACE术后中晚期HCC早期复发与AFP、肿瘤分化程度、瘤灶数量及ADC值独立相关。     

经动脉灌注化学治疗中晚期胃癌的临床效果

目的探讨经动脉灌注化学治疗(简称化疗)中晚期胃癌的临床效果。方法将80例中晚期胃癌患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组40例。观察组给予DSA引导下经动脉灌注化疗,对照组采用常规SOX方案化疗,比较2组化疗3、6个周期后的疗效,并统计不良反应。绘制2组患者随访24个月时无进展生存时间曲线,比较无进展生存时间。结果3个周期化疗结束时,观察组治疗有效率69.44%(25/36),高于对照组的38.46%(15/39)(P=0.028);6个周期结束时,观察组治疗有效率58.82%(20/34),对照组为41.67%(15/36),组间差异无统计学意义(P=0.511)。6个周期化疗期间2组患者不良反应差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。随访24个月时,观察组、对照组中位无进展生存期分别为6.5、6.0个月,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.041)。结论动脉置管持续灌注化疗对中晚期胃癌的短期疗效优于常规SOX化疗方案,并可延长患者无进展生存期,且较安全。     

复方丹参滴丸联合阿德福韦酯对肝癌TACE术后疗效及免疫功能影响

目的：观察复方丹参滴丸对原发性肝癌（PLC）肝动脉化疗栓塞术（TACE）后疗效及细胞免疫功能的影响.方法：90例PLC患者随机分为对照组和观察组各45例,对照组患者行TACE术,同时口服阿德福韦酯片10 mg,qd,观察组患者在对照组基础上加用复方丹参滴丸270 mg,po,tid,疗程均为3个月.比较两组患者临床疗效、肝纤维化指标、免疫功能（T淋巴细胞亚群）和药品不良反应.结果：观察组临床缓解率为66.7％,明显高于对照组（P＜0.05）.两组治疗后透明质酸（HA）、层黏蛋白（LN）、Ⅲ型前胶原（PCⅢ）、Ⅳ型胶原（Ⅳc）、CD8＋降低,CD3＋、CD4＋及CD4＋/CD8＋升高（P＜0.05）,且对照组改变幅度大于观察组（P＜0.05）.两组药品不良反应发生率相近（P＞0.05）.结论：复方丹参滴丸联合阿德福韦酯可明显减轻TACE所致PLC患者的免疫功能下降和纤维化,提高疗效.     

Malignant liver tumours

The liver is commonly affected by malignant tumours, both primary and secondary. The majority of liver tumours are diagnosed radiologically and MRI and CT scan are accurate at detecting even small tumours. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary tumour and often presents on the background of liver cirrhosis. The curative options for HCC are liver resection and transplant. However non-curative management such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and trans-arterial chemo-embolization (TACE) can prolong survival in patients not suited to curative management. Cholangiocarcinoma is a less common malignancy but unfortunately has poorer outcomes. It affects the bile ducts and treatment relies on resection of the affected liver and biliary tree, requiring reconstruction of the biliary drainage system. Postoperative morbidity is high and long term survival is often short. Colorectal liver metastases (CLM) are the most common liver tumours. With improvements in preoperative chemotherapy and surgical techniques such as portal vein embolization (PVE) and two stage resections, curative resection with good long term outcomes are often achieved.     

肝动脉化疗栓塞联合索拉非尼治疗中晚期肝细胞癌近期疗效的Meta分析

目的 评估肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)联合索拉非尼与单独肝动脉化疗栓塞两种治疗方案对中晚期肝癌的疗效.方法 计算机检索中国知网、万方、Medline、Embase、Cochrane library数据库,其他途径辅助查找发表的肝动脉化疗栓塞联合索拉非尼治疗中晚期肝癌的的文献.统计指标包括:1年生存率、治疗有效率(RR)、疾病控制率(DCR)、用药前后VEGF变化率、不良事件发生率(消化道症状、手足综合征、高血压),将统计结果分别纳入TACE联合索拉非尼组(T+S组)和TACE组(T组),通过Reviews 5.2软件进行数据分析.结果 纳入随机对照研究共6篇(360例),男∶女=2.96∶1,T+S组269例,T组91例.1年生存率比较有统计学意义[OR=4.06,95％CI:(1.62,10.20),P＜0.05];治疗有效率比较有统计学意义[OR=2.11,95％CI:(1.30,3.44),P＜0.05)];疾病控制率有统计学意义[OR=4.52,95％CI:(2.69,7.58),P＜0.05];用药前VEGF变化率无统计学意义[WMD=0.00,95％CI:(-0.37,0.37),P=1.00],用药后VEGF变化率有统计学意义[WMD=-1.23,95％CI:(-1.64,-0.82),P＜0.05)];用药前后T+S组VEGF变化率有统计学意义[WMD=0.96,95％CI:(0.56,1.36),P＜0.05],用药前后T组VEGF变化率无统计学意义[WMD=-0.23,95％CI:(-0.61,0.14),P＞0.05];消化道症状发生率无统计学意义[OR=1.57,95％CI:(0.81,3.03),P＞0.05];手足综合征发生率有统计学意义[OR=14.83,95％CI:(3.84,57.25),P＜0.05];高血压发生率有统计学意义[OR=3.28,95％CI:(1.22,8.81),P＜0.05].结论 肝动脉化疗栓塞联合索拉非尼组较单纯肝动脉化疗栓塞组能够提高患者1年生存率、治疗有效率和疾病控制率,降低VEGF水平,但手足综合征及高血压的发病率较高.     

子宫动脉化疗栓塞在宫颈或剖宫产切口妊娠人工流产手术前的作用

目的 探讨子宫动脉化疗栓塞术在宫颈或剖宫产切口妊娠人工流产手术前的应用效果.方法 术前常规进行各项检查,待患者生命体征稳定后实施子宫动脉化疗栓塞术,待3～5天在B超引导下对其进行人工流产手术终止妊娠.结果 28例患者均顺利完成子宫动脉化疗栓塞及人工流产手术治疗,治愈率为100％.低热是子宫动脉化疗栓塞术后人工流产的常见不良反应,发生率高达75.00％,与其他不良反应发生率比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 在宫颈或切口妊娠患者实施人工流产前给予子宫动脉化疗栓塞术治疗,可获得满意的临床疗效,安全性及有效性均较高.     

Efficacy comparison of optimal treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma patients with portal vein tumor thrombus

Introduction and objectivesOptimal treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) involving portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) remains controversial.Materials and methodsA total of 627 HCC patients with PVTT after initial treatment with one of the following at Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University: liver resection (LR, n = 225), transarterial chemoembolization (TACE, n = 298) or sorafenib (n = 104) were recruited and randomly divided into the training cohort (n = 314) and internal validation cohort (n = 313). Survival analysis were repeated after stratifying patients by Cheng PVTT type.ResultsResection led to significantly higher OS than the other two treatments among patients with type I or II PVTT. TACE worked significantly better than the other two treatments for patients with type III. All three treatments were associated with similar OS among patients with type IV. These findings were supported by the internal validation cohort.ConclusionsOur results suggest that the optimal treatment for HCC involving PVTT depends on the type of PVTT. LR may be more appropriate for type I or II PVTT; TACE, for type III Sorafenib may be more appropriate than invasive treatments for patients with type IV PVTT.     

肝动脉化疗栓塞联合射频消融和免疫靶向治疗术后复发的肝细胞癌患者近远期疗效研究*

目的 探讨采用肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)联合射频消融(RFA)和免疫靶向治疗术后复发的肝细胞癌(HCC)患者的疗效。方法 2014年8月～2018年4月我院诊治的术后复发性HCC患者150例,采用随机数字表法将患者分为对照组75例和观察组75例,分别给予TACE联合RFA治疗或在此基础上给予抗程序性细胞死亡蛋白-1(PD-1)抗体和阿帕替尼治疗,采用实体瘤mRESIST标准评估临床疗效,使用流式细胞仪测定外周血T细胞亚群,采用Kaplan-Meier法比较生存率。结果 在治疗后3 m,观察组有效率为81.3%,显著高于对照组的53.3%(P<0.05);观察组外周血CD3⁺、CD4⁺细胞百分比和CD4⁺/CD8⁺细胞比值分别为(68.2±6.8)%、(45.9±4.7)%和(1.8±0.3),显著高于对照组【分别为(56.5±6.1)%、(33.3±4.5)%和(1.3±0.2),P<0.05】,而CD8⁺细胞百分比为(22.5±1.8)%,显著低于对照组【(28.3±1.4)%,P<0.05】;观察组I/II级不良反应发生率为73.3%,显著高于对照组的32.0%(P<0.05);观察组1 a生存率为49.3%,显著高于对照组的30.7%(P<0.05)。结论 采用TACE联合RFA和免疫靶向治疗能够有效提高复发性HCC患者的近期临床疗效,可能与提高了机体免疫功能,抑制了肿瘤血管生成有关。     

Clinical features and treatment of hepatic abscesses with biloma formation after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization

Background and study aimsA full understanding of the clinical manifestations and risk factors for hepatic abscesses with biloma formation after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective therapeutic intervention.Patients and methods11,524 patients with hepatic tumors were treated with TACE. 84 patients were diagnosed with hepatic abscesses after TACE, and 35 progressed to hepatic bilomas and were treated with percutaneous transhepatic drainage (PTD) and/or percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography and drainage (PTCD). Clinical features, blood samples, bacterial cultures, and imaging data were collected, and incidence, risk factors, therapeutic effects, and prognostic indicators were analyzed.ResultsThe incidence of biloma in patients with liver abscesses was 41.7% with an average diagnosis time of 12.3 ± 3.2 days. 71.4% of patients complained of abdominal pain, and 63.7% had metastatic liver cancer. In the latter patients, clinical features included multiple abscess lesions with a poor blood supply to the tumor and large necrotic lesions. The original tumors were primarily in the digestive system (87.0%). The mean diameter of the largest lesions was 6.5 ± 2.3 cm. Before abscess formation, the Child-Pugh liver function classification was grade A in 14 cases and grade B in 21 cases. Escherichia coli was the most frequently seen infectious bacteria. Liver function was significantly compromised by the occurrence of hepatic abscesses. The mean survival time after diagnosis of liver abscesses in all patients was 11.5 ± 0.6 months. The causes of death included abscess (n = 9, 25.7%), tumor (n = 22, 62.9%), and other causes (n = 4, 11.4%). Risk factors included tumors, gastrointestinal surgery, and diabetes.ConclusionPTD and/or PTCD combined with active antibiotics are recommended as the first-line treatment and are effective therapeutic regimens for biloma formation after TACE.