腹腔镜结合阴道超声诊治子宫外异位妊娠116例分析

目的:探讨腹腔镜结合阴道超声诊治子宫外异位妊娠的价值。方法:回顾性分析2006～2010年吉林大学第一医院妇产科腹腔镜手术治疗子宫外异位妊娠116例患者的临床资料。结果 :116例患者均诊断明确,行输卵管切除术108例,保留输卵手术管3例,卵巢部分切除及修补术4例,膀胱壁病灶切除1例。平均手术时间为56.97 min,术后平均住院日3.99天,无并发症及持续性异位妊娠发生。结论:腹腔镜结合阴道超声诊治子宫外异位妊娠准确、可靠,有利于早期异位妊娠的诊断。     

Membrane‐based therapeutic plasma exchange (mTPE): Technical and clinical experience

Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) has long been utilized to manage a variety of immune‐mediated diseases. The basic principle relies on removal of circulating pathogenic substances from the bloodstream. Methods of plasma separation include centrifuge (cTPE) and membrane (mTPE). Although mTPE has existed for a few decades, recent advances in developing highly permeable filters that are compatible with currently existing dialysis machines has opened a new frontier. Published data in the area of technical and clinical experience with mTPE is lacking. We report our single center experience of 998 inpatient mTPE treatments performed in 237 patients at a large tertiary care academic center. The most common treatment indication was neurologic. We found a very low incidence of patient‐reported complications. Filter clotting without the use of anticoagulation occurred in 7.7% of treatments. Laboratory parameters that significantly changed during the course of therapy included serum potassium, platelet count, and partial thromboplastin time. We found that mTPE can be safely and efficiently performed as an alternative to cTPE, and suggest an individualized approach when prescribing this therapy.     

Management of pregnancy for a patient with the new syndromic macrothrombocytopenia,DIAPH1-related disease

The number of genes involved in the identification of macrothrombocytopenia (MTP) is growing but the clinical consequences for the affected patients are not well determined. Here, we report the management of the bleeding risk for a patient with the newly reported and rare DIAPH1-related disease during surgery for infertility and then during her subsequent pregnancy. The R1213* DIAPH1 variant responsible for a mild bleeding syndrome in six families was considered a potential risk factor for our patient. Preliminary laparoscopic surgery was followed by neosalpingostomy to open the obstructed fallopian tube that was followed by an ectopic pregnancy requiring further surgery, tranexamic acid was used on each occasion and no bleeding complications were observed. A second pregnancy proceeded to term; the mother’s platelet count was controlled throughout the gestation period and remained close to her basal values. No bleeding occurred at delivery or during the postpartum period. In conclusion, with strict repeated assessments of blood parameters and maintenance of the platelet count, the bleeding risk in pregnancy in DIAPH1-related disease can be successfully controlled.     

Is carpal tunnel syndrome present in acute stroke patients? An investigative study using clinical and imaging screening tools

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is known to develop post-stroke. Median nerve ultrasound (US) is an inexpensive, effective means of screening. In this prospective feasibility study, we compared the ability of the physical exam, the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire (BCTQ) and median nerve US to screen for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) within 72 hours of stroke onset. We enrolled 24 consecutive patients. Using US, 19 (79%, p = 0.0386) of the 24 patients screened positive for CTS on the paretic side and 20 (83%, p = 0.0042) on the nonparetic side. With clinical examination, only 11 out of 24 (46%) screened positive for CTS on the paretic side and 8 (33%) on the nonparetic side. The BCTQ did not predict CTS. US can be an effective screening tool post-stroke. Further research is needed to determine specificity and efficacy compared to electrodiagnostic testing in this population.     

Association between intrauterine mild hyperglycemia and post-natal high-fat diet with adiponectin and AMPK pathway genes

To investigate the mechanisms of maternal–fetal interactions in the setting of gestational diabetes mellitus. We investigated the long-term effects of intrauterine mild hyperglycemia and a postnatal high-fat diet on the glucose metabolism of adult offspring, and explored the role of adiponectin on hepatic gluconeogenesis. Twenty-one pregnant Wistar rats were randomly divided into an intrauterine hyperglycemia group (group D, n?=?14) and a control group (group C, n?=?7). Offspring were divided into four groups according to intrauterine blood glucose level and post-weaning dietary patterns (high-fat diet groups: DF and CF or normal diet groups: DN and CN, n?=?8 per group). The average birth weights of group D offspring were higher than for group C. In the DF rats, low adiponectin mRNA expression in perirenal and epididymal fat was significantly positively correlated with low hepatic AdipoR1 mRNA expression and significantly correlated with high hepatic PEPCK, G-6-Pase, and PGC-1α mRNA levels. In DF rats, hepatic P-AMPK was cytoplasmically located and its level was decreased; in these rats, hepatic CRTC2 was expressed in the nucleus and its level was significantly increased. Our study shows that the dietary structure of offspring has a large influence on the incidence of abnormal glucose tolerance.     

Risk perception and choice of place of birth in women with high risk pregnancies: A qualitative study

Objective To examine the perception of risk among a group of women with high risk pregnancies who were either planning to give birth in hospital, or at home despite medical advice to the contrary. The intention was to consider differences and similarities between the groups to examine how perception of risk relates to choice of place of birth.Design Qualitative study using semi-structured interviews. Setting Maternity department in a hospital in South East England.Participants Twenty-six women with high risk pregnancies, at least 32 weeks pregnant. Half were planning hospital births and half homebirths.Measurements and findings Semi-structured interviews to investigate women's understanding and assessment of risk. Results were analysed using thematic analysis. Five themes emerged: understanding of situation; judgement of risk; reassuring factors; impact of risk; and coping with risk. Women from both groups had some understanding of the implications of their medical/obstetric conditions. They displayed concerns about their babies' wellbeing. Women planning homebirths assessed their risks as lower and expressed less concerns than women planning hospital births. Women planning hospital births more frequently described following professional advice.Key conclusions Risk perception is individual and subjective. Women with high risk pregnancies who plan to give birth at home perceive risk differently to women who plan hospital births.Implications for practice Healthcare professionals working with women with high risk pregnancies should be aware of the potential for differences in definitions and perceptions of risk within this group.     

Partnering with Public Schools: A Resident-Driven Reproductive Health Education Initiative

Study ObjectivesTo assess the impact of a resident-driven sexual health educational initiative in an inner-city Cleveland middle school.Design, Setting, and Participants10 resident physicians and 57 students in 7^th and 8^th grade participated in this prospective cohort study.Interventions and Main Outcome MeasuresResidents taught 3 sessions on the topics of basic anatomy and physiology, pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections (STI), contraception, and safe relationships. Outcome measures included the percentages of students able to name at least 3 different STIs and contraceptive methods; to name potential complications of STIs; and to correctly identify condoms and abstinence as the only contraceptive methods also protective against STI transmission.ResultsSignificant improvements were noted in students’ baseline knowledge of human anatomy, contraception, and safe sex practices after completion of the curriculum. The percentage of students able to name at least 3 forms of birth control increased from 1.7% to 70.7% (P < .0001). The percentage able to name at least 3 different STIs increased from 5.3% to 72.4% (P < .0001). Follow-up testing 4 months after completion of the curriculum demonstrated significant knowledge retention. All residents and medical students surveyed described a perceived need for comprehensive—rather than abstinence-based—reproductive health education in schools.ConclusionsThe socioeconomic burden of teen pregnancy justifies comprehensive efforts to improve reproductive health education.