Fracture separation of the articular pillar of C5 following brass knuckles trauma

We report the case of a fracture separation of the articular pillar at the lower cervical spine. The trauma, following a brass knuckles, repeats almost in an experimental way the rotation and extension mechanism given in literature for the genesis of such injuries. From the admission in the orthopaedic service to the surgery, the development went in a characteristic way towards a rotatory displacement. Received: 12 July 2002, Accepted: 18 August 2002 Correspondence to: R. Massicot     

乳腺癌癌前细胞核病变形态计量学研究

应用图像分析技术对１０例正常乳腺组织、３０例乳腺不典型增生及３０例乳腺导管癌进行细胞核的形态学计量研究，检测５项核参数，即面积、周长、长短轴比、直径和圆度。结果表明：不典型增生Ⅱ级。不典型增生Ⅲ级与乳腺导管癌Ⅰ级组间无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）；其他各组间有显著的及非常显著的差异性（Ｐ＜０．０５，Ｐ＜０．０１）。因此不典型增生Ⅲ级是真正的癌前病变，与乳腺癌的发生有着直接的关系，但Ⅱ级不典型增生亦不容忽视。     

Intrahippocampal Injection of Endothelin-1: A New Model of Ischemia-induced Seizures in Immature Rats

Summary:  The goal of this study was to develop a new model of ischemia-induced seizures in immature rats using injection of vasoconstrictor Endothelin-1 (ET-1) into the brain. ET-1 (10, 20, or 40 pmol) was infused into the left dorsal hippocampus of freely moving Wistar rats 12 (P12) and 25 (P25) days old. Animals were then video/EEG-monitored for 100 min and monitoring was repeated 22 h later. Parameters of electrographic seizures (frequency and mean duration) as well as pattern of their behavioral correlates were evaluated. The pattern of behavioral seizures was used to develop model-specific scoring system. Cresyl violet and Fluoro Jade-B-staining were used to evaluate brain damage. Extension of the lesion was correlated with seizure severity. After ET-1-injection, seizures occurred in 83–100% animals of all age-and-dose groups and persisted for 24 h except P12 rats with 10 pmol. There were no differences in average seizure duration (18–40 s) or seizure frequency (3–7 seizures/100 min) among individual dose-groups. Between the 1st and 2nd observation period, total seizure duration decreased in 71% of P12 and 47% of P25 rats. Electrographic seizure activity was most frequently accompanied by clonus, incidence of more severe convulsions (barrel rolling or generalized clonic seizures) increased with dose of ET-1. Morphologic examination did not reveal any dose-related difference in damage severity, hippocampal damage was however more extensive in P12 compared to P25 animals. Seizure severity correlated positively with severity of the damage in both age groups. Our study presents focal injection of ET-1 into the brain as a new and practical model of ischemia-induced seizures in immature rats.     

明显强化孤立肺结节血流模式的临床价值

目的利用4层螺旋CT动态增强技术定量评价不同性质的明显强化孤立肺结节的血流模式并初步评价血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达阳性的孤立性肺腺癌血管生成与血流模式定量CT参数的相关性.方法 78例孤立明显强化肺结节(直径≤4 cm,68例恶性,10例活动性炎性),行多层螺旋CT(MSCT)动态增强(以4 ml/s的流率注入对比剂).记录孤立肺结节增强前后各时相的CT值并计算强化值、灌注值,结节-主动脉强化值比.灌注值等于时间-密度曲线最大斜率除以主动脉强化值.其中30例VEGF表达阳性的肺腺癌患者用免疫组织化学测定微血管密度(MVD)并标定VEGF,评价肺腺癌血流模式定量CT参数(强化值、灌注值、结节-主动脉强化值比及平均通过时间)与MVD的相关性.结果恶性结节强化值(35.79±10.76) HU与活动性炎性结节(39.76±4.59) HU差异无显著意义 (t=1.148 , P=0.255).恶性结节的结节-主动脉强化值比(14.27±4.37)%及灌注值(3.02±0.96)ml-1·min-1·kg-1均低于活动性炎性结节(18.51±2.71)%,(6.34±4.39)ml-1·min-1·kg-1 (t=2.978,P=0.004;t=5.590,P<0.0001).VEGF表达阳性的肺腺癌强化值(33.06±13.57)HU、结节-动脉强化值比(14.25±4.92)%及灌注值(2.97 ±0.56) ml-1·kg-1·min-1与MVD(70.15±20.03)条/视野,均呈正相关性(r=0.781, P<0.0001;r=0.688, P<0.0001;r=0.716, P<0.0001).平均通过时间(14.86±5.84)s与MVD无显著相关性(r=0.260, P=0.200).结论恶性与活动性炎性孤立肺结节血流模式不同,恶性结节通过结节-大动脉强化值比和灌注值可有效区别于活动性炎性结节,有助于两者鉴别诊断.肺腺癌强化值、结节-动脉强化值比及灌注值反映了VEGF表达阳性的肺腺癌的MVD.强化值、结节-动脉强化及灌注值可作为VEGF相关的肺腺癌血管生成的指标.     

线粒体脑肌病的MRI诊断价值

目的 探讨线粒体脑肌病的脑部MRI表现及其诊断价值。资料与方法 对13例线粒体脑肌病患者的临床、实验室及MRI表现进行回顾性分析。结果 13例头部MRI检查均显示异常，对病变的检出率为100％，主要MRI表现为3类：（1）大脑半球多发单侧或双侧病变（7例），4例呈对称性，病变呈片状等长T1、长T2信号，以一侧或两侧颞顶枕时皮层和皮层下白质最常受累。（2）大脑半球皮层和深部灰质核团同时出现片状等长T1、长T2信号2例。上述两类脑内病变有5例合并脑萎缩。（3）脑实质信号正常，但有脑萎缩4例，其中桥脑、延髓及小脑萎缩3例，大脑半球、脑干、小脑萎缩1例。结论 MRI对线粒体脑肌病的脑内病变显示敏感且准确，对其早期诊断、指导治疗、判断疗效和提示预后具有重要价值。     

男性急性冠脉综合征患者多支病变预测因素

目的 :研究急性冠脉综合征男性患者多支冠状动脉病变的临床预测因素。方法 :共 10 4例男性患者入选 ,年龄 6 4 .9± 9.6岁。综合患者的人群因素、临床特征和无创伤检查结果 (血液生化和心脏超声等 ) ,结合冠状动脉造影结果进行Logistic回归分析。结果 :冠状动脉造影结果显示单支病变 2 4例 ,多支病变 80例。以多支病变为因变量 ,慢性胸痛、血尿酸水平增高、左心室射血分数降低和左心房扩大是其有统计学意义的自变量 ,其余因素无统计学意义。结论 :慢性胸痛、血尿酸水平增高、左心室射血分数减低和左心房扩大是急性冠脉综合征男性患者多支病变的预测因素。     

绝经后阴道出血的相关因素分析

目的探讨绝经后阴道出血的病因及相关因素。方法对129例绝经后阴道出血患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果因良性疾病引起的出血占51.16%,非器质性疾病占25.58%,恶性肿瘤占23.26%,患者出血时年龄大,绝经年限长恶性肿瘤发生率高。结论绝经后阴道出血的主要原因是良性疾病和非器质性病变,但恶性肿瘤仍占一定比例。因此对绝经后阴道出血患者应采取综合的检查手段,明确病因,对因治疗。     

Use of the Noninvasive Ankle Distractor With Talar Dome Osteochondral Graft Transplantation

Talar dome lesions greater than 1 cm in diameter are often treated with ankle joint mosaicplasty. The purpose of this article is to present the use of a noninvasive ankle distractor that can improve access to the talus when used with a malleolar osteotomy. The use of the distractor allows for graft insertion at a more appropriate angle in relationship to the talar cartilage, avoidance of invasive distractor usage, and potential use of a smaller osteotomy.     

超声引导金属弹簧圈定位乳腺肿块的临床应用

目的探讨乳腺肿块金属弹簧圈标记的临床应用价值。方法对13例触诊不清的乳腺良性肿块,41例新辅助化疗的乳腺癌,在超声引导下行术前边界定位及肿块标记。事先测量好肿块最大直径,选择相应长度的金属弹簧圈,通过18G穿刺针,用导丝准确将弹簧圈放入肿物最大切面两极。41例乳腺癌定位后继续化疗2~3个周期。结果13例触诊不清的乳腺良性肿块连同其内的弹簧圈被准确、完整切除。41例乳腺癌中,术后弹簧圈周边即肿物切缘病理未见残留癌细胞术前化疗期间,经超声观察,39例肿块缩小,其中9例术前超声显示肿物边界已显示不清,只显示金属弹簧圈,这其中3例术后肿物连续病理切片,证实未见癌细胞。结论超声引导下金属弹簧圈肿物边缘定位,对触诊不清的乳腺肿块边界定位是一种新方法。特别是对于术前化疗的乳腺癌患者,在肿块超声随访、化疗疗效评价以及指导术后病理取材部位等方面有更实用的临床意义。     

清开灵治疗缺血性视乳头病变40例疗效分析

目的 :探讨清开灵治疗缺血性视乳头病变的疗效。方法 :用前瞻性评估研究方法 ,将缺血性视乳头病变 70例患者按随机原则进行分组。治疗组 4 0例 ,用清开灵辅助治疗 ;对照组 30例 ,单纯用西医治疗 ;以视力为主要评估指标。结果 :治疗组与对照组愈显率及总有效率分别为 77 5 % ,6 0 0 %和 95 0 % ,83 3% ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 1) ,无毒副作用。结论 :用清开灵辅助治疗缺血性视乳头病变疗效肯定