血清肌酸激酶MM同功酶亚带测定在急性心肌梗塞扩展早期诊断中的意义

本文采用琼脂凝胶电泳方法测定了12例急性心肌梗塞(AMI)血清肌酸激酶 MM 同功酶亚带(CK-MM 亚带)及其 MM_3/MM_1比值的动态变化。结果表明,在 AMI 早期血清 MM_3/MM_1比值最先升高,并于9h 达峰值,然后逐渐下降,并一度低于基础水平,故测定血清 MM_3/MM_1比值诊断梗塞扩展,不如测定 MM_3绝对活力和 CK-MB 敏感。因此在 AMI 早期诊断中,同时测定MM_3和 CK-MB 可弥补 MM_3/MM_1比值的不足。     

肌钙蛋白T在急性心肌梗死中的诊断价值

目的 探讨血清肌钙蛋白T(cTnT)的动态变化对急性心肌梗死(AMI)的诊断价值。方法采用快速检测cTnT全血试剂条对58例AMI患者进行动态血清cTnT观察，同时测定CK-MB。结果cTnTAMI在梗塞后2h内阳性率为63．3％，8h-5d阳性率为100％，7、14、21d分别为91．8％、53．1％、2．04％，而CK-MB在梗死后2h内的阳性率为14．3％，8h～2d阳性率为100％．而3、4、5、7d分别为79．2％、34．6％、14．8％、0。结论 cTnT定性检测对AMI诊断有早期、特异性高、时间窗长的特点。     

镉作业工人尿γ－GT同功酶变化的研究

调查５８名镉（Ｃｄ）作业工人尿中γ－ＧＴ同功酶的变化。结果发现，所有Ｃｄ作业工人尿中γ－ＧＴ，γ－ＧＴⅠ，γ－ＧＴⅡ均超出正常值上限。无肾损伤组的工人尿γ－ＧＴ，７·ＧＴⅠ，γ－ＧＴⅡ明显地高于对照组，而γ－ＧＴⅠ／γ－ＧＴⅡ值无明显变化；重度肾损伤组，尿γ－ＧＴ，γ－ＧＴⅠ水平高于无肾损伤和进度肾损伤组，而尿γ－ＧＴⅠ／γ－ＧＴⅡ则呈下降趋势。结果提示，尿γ－ＧＴ可能作为Ｃｄ接触者健康监测的一个敏感指标；尿γ－ＧＴⅠ／γ－ＧＴⅡ值的变化似与Ｃｄ作业工人肾损伤程度有关。     

Immunology and biochemistry of the regan isoenzyme

The Regan isoenzyme is a placental-type alkaline phosphatase that is expressed in a number of human tumors, particularly in gonadal and urologic cancers. Attention is given to the unique gene that codes for placental alkaline phosphatase and the similarities and differences in the tumor and placental gene products. The separation and identification of individual organ-specific isoenzymes is accomplished by a variety of biochemical, immunologic, and electrophoretic techniques and the correlation of the Regan isoenzyme, non-Regan isoenzyme, and Nagao isoenzyme, and the Kasahara isoenzyme is made with their developmental counterparts. The L-leucine-sensitive phenotypes of placental and tumor alkaline phosphatases and the non-Regan early placental type alkaline phosphatases appear to be developmental phase-specific. Oncotrophoblast gene expression has been investigated with monophenotypic cell culture lines as a consequence of modulation by prednisolone and hyperosmolarity. Finally, general discussion of oncodevelopmental proteins as tumor markers precedes a current opinion of Regan isoenzyme as a tumor marker. Evidence now points to seminoma as a consistent producer of Regan isoenzyme although much more work will be required to establish its clinical utility.     

Creatine phosphokinase isoenzymes in human prostatic tissues: a comparison between benign hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma

The objective of this study was to determine the distribution of creatine phosphokinase (CPK) into its three isoenzymes, MM, MB, and BB, in human prostatic tissue, in patients with benign hyperplasia (BPH) and adenocarcinoma. Specimens were obtained from 23 patients with adenocarcinoma of the prostate and 25 patients with benign hyperplasia. We also had the opportunity to analyze the CPK content in two normal prostates, the first from a 16 1/2-year-old boy and the second from a 9 1/2-year-old child. Our results showed prostate tissue to contain almost exclusively the BB isoenzyme with traces of the MB and MM dimers in both cancer and BPH as well as the specimen of normal prostate from the 16 1/2-year-old boy. As for the 9 1/2-year-old child, we found the following distribution: 39% MM, 21% MB, and 40% BB dimer. A comparison of the CPK-BB content in benign hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma revealed no significant difference between the two groups. Furthermore, we tried to correlate prostatic tissue CPK-BB levels with another possible tumor marker of the prostate, prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) measured in the cytosol. No correlation was found between these two markers. We also studied the relationship of CPK-BB and PAP content in prostatic tissue to nuclear and cytosolic androgen receptor content in human prostatic tissue. We found some correlation between CPK-BB and androgen cytosolic receptors as well as between PAP content and androgen cytosolic receptors in patients with benign hyperplasia. No such correlation was found in the group with adenocarcinoma. In conclusion, this study does not show that the measurement of CPK-BB in the prostatic tissue could be used as an index of tissue malignancy.     

广东主要柑桔果实过氧化物酶活性及其同工酶谱

采用蕉柑(Citrus reticulata cv.tankan Hayata)为材料测定了果皮中过氧化物酶的特性反应,可溶态和结合态不同状态酶的分配及果实中不同部位酶的分布,确定果顶的有色皮层为检测柑桔果实过氧化物酶的取样点。比较广东五个主要柑桔品种可溶态过氧化物酶活性的结果表明,酶活性与果实耐藏性呈负相关。蕉柑原产广东,是甜橙与柑的自然杂交种。从椪柑、蕉柑和暗柳橙的过氧化物酶同工酶酶谱初步判断,三者之间有一定亲缘关系。还着重对广东柑桔果实中过氧化物酶的分布与果汁加工质量的关系进行了讨论。     

间断温血灌注对供心代谢及酶的影响

在１２次猪的心脏移植实验中，供心的保护分两组，Ⅰ组供心用冷晶体停搏液灌注，Ⅱ组用温血灌注，在供心取出前及主动脉开放１５ｍｉｎ后对心肌代谢及酶学的有关指标进行监测。Ⅰ组心肌氧耗率明显低于正常，而Ⅱ组与正常无明显差异。心肌氧耗率下降程度Ⅰ组明显高于Ⅱ组。心肌糖耗率及冠状动静脉ｐＨ、磷酸肌酸激酶同功酶差值两组均与正常无明显差异。本实验结果提示间断温血停搏对心肌的保护作用与冷晶体停搏相似，但对于心肌代谢功能的恢复则优于后者。     

FPBC对猪血清及组织LDH同工酶影响的现场研究

燃煤染氟8个月时,E组猪血清及组织样品经凝胶电泳,发现与C组相比:(1)E组血清LDH_1、LDH_2下降,伴LDH_5升高,有显著性差异(P<0.05);(2)心肌以LDH_2极显著升高(P<0.0l)、LDH_1/LDH;比值显著降低(P<0.05)为其特征,(3)肾组织LDH_6下降而LDH_1代偿性升高(P<0.05);(4)骨骼肌LDH_(2、3、5)不同程度升高,使其TLDH显著升高(P<0 05)。综上表明受氟影响较早,且较敏感的器官组织是骨骼肌和心肌,其次是排氟器官肾脏,建议血清LDH同工酶酶谱可以作为研究人及动物氟中毒时的早期敏感指标。     

乳酸脱氢酶同工酶在大鼠不同发育阶段中变化的研究

以大鼠为材料，用垂直管型聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析了乳酸脱氢酶（ＬＤＨ）同工酶图谱的组织特异性及其在不同发育阶段中的变化。实验结果表明，不同组织有其特异性的ＬＤＨ图谱，这种组织特异性，反映了在不同组织细胞中Ａ基因和Ｂ基因转录过程和转录后调节的差异性，同时还表明同一组织在不同发育阶段有各具特色的ＬＤＨ电泳图谱。如在骨骼肌组织中，老年与幼年鼠比较，５种同工酶含量均有显著性差异。同工酶的这种变动，在个体发育过程中，可能有十分重要的生理意义。     

Enolase distribution in human brain tumors, retinoblastomas and pituitary adenomas

The cellular localization of alpha-, beta- and gamma-subunits of enolase isoenzyme was studied immunohistochemically in various human brain tumors, retinoblastomas and pituitary adenomas (total, 91 cases). The alpha-subunit was found in almost all brain tumors except in medulloblastoma cases. A case of medullomyoblastoma contained beta-subunit-positive myoblastic cells, which was also positive for human myoglobin. The gamma-subunit was frequently observed in medulloblastomas, retinoblastomas and pituitary adenomas. However, gamma-subunit was also present in some non-neuronal brain tumors such as astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas. Enzyme immunoassay technique also confirmed the presence of gamma-subunit in a medulloblastoma and two retinoblastomas.