硝基化合物还原、氢化的研究 Ⅳ.用Fe~(3+)催化转移氢化3,3′-二硝基-4,4′-二氨基二苯醚

以Fe~(3+)代替Pd-C和Raney Ni为催化剂、水合肼为供氢体、3,3′-二硝基-4,4′-二氨基二苯醚为受氢体、甲醇为溶剂,进行催化转移氢化反应,产物3,3′,4,4′-四氨基二苯醚(TADPO)质量好,得率可达80%。此外,还对反应温度、时间、以及水合肼、催化剂、溶剂用量,水合肼浓度、催化剂重复使用等影响因素进行了研究,获得了较佳工艺条件。本法制得的TADPO与均苯四甲酸二酐缩聚可制得性能良好的聚眯唑吡咙。     

Respiratory symptoms associated with the use of azodicarbonamide foaming agent in a plastics injection molding facility

Respiratory health variables were studied cross-sectionally in 227 employees of a plastics molding facility where numerous complaints had been apparently associated with the use of azodicarbonamide foaming agent in injection molding. Pre- and postshift respiratory status measures and azodicarbonamide concentrations were also obtained for 17 employees. Cross-sectional pulmonary function differences by injection molding status were not observed. Modest decrements in pulmonary function measures were observed between start and end of shift but with no dose-effect relationship. A strong association was observed for injection molding workers for eye/nose/throat irritation, cough, and wheezing. Additionally, wheezing, chest tightness, and symptoms of chronic bronchitis were strongly associated with work in injection molding during periods in which azodicarbonamide was in use. These results suggest respiratory symptom causation by some combination of azodicarbonamide itself, reaction products of azodicarbonamide formed during injection molding, or other unidentified agents uniquely associated with the process of injection molding with azodicarbonamide foaming agent.     

淫羊藿总黄酮对肾上腺素β_1受体的特异性阻断作用

为探讨淫羊藿总黄酮（ＴＦＥ）对肾上腺素受体的作用，本实验用离体兔心房肌、主动脉及豚鼠气管观察了ＴＦＥ对肾上腺素全体的作用，结果ＴＦＥ（０．１３ｇ／Ｌ）抑制心房肌肌力和频率，并使异丙肾上腺素（ＩＳＯ）对心房肌正性频率作用的量效曲线平行右移，但无钙拮抗作用及Ｍ受体激动效应，且不影响ＩＳＯ对豚鼠气管条的负性肌力作用及去甲肾上腺囊（ＮＥ）对兔主动脉条的收缩作用。提示ＴＦＥ选择性阻断肾上腺素β_１受体。     

乐脂平治疗Ⅱ型糖尿病高脂血症的临床研究

观察了３０例伴有高脂血症的Ⅱ型糖尿病患者用小剂量乐脂平（５００ｍｇ／ｄ）治疗４周后血清脂质、脂蛋白的变化。结果：血总胆固醇、甘油三酯及极低密度脂蛋白—胆固醇水平较治疗前下降，高密度脂蛋白—胆固醇明显升高，血糖、血肌酐及血尿酸无明显变化。服用该药未观察到不良反应，提示乐脂平能较好地改善糖尿病患者的脂代谢紊乱。     

大肠癌组织中免疫抑制因子和病理分期关系的探讨

本文观察16例大肠癌病人的癌组织培养上清液对人T细胞的增殖,ZL—2产生的影响和病理Dukes分期的关系,发现癌组织的TDSF对T细胞的增殖有显著抑制作用,对ZL—2的产生抑制作用不明显,对T细胞增殖率在DukesA与B期,其值与对照有显著差异(0.01P<0.05).在C期有非常显著差异(P<0.01).说明大肠癌组织确实分泌有能造成宿主免疫功能下降的抑制物质.且免疫作用不是通过ZL—2环节发生.     

Hydrophobicity of β-adrenoceptor blocking agents: Study of correlations between retention in reversed-phase HPLC systems and octanol-water partition constants

The capacity factors (k′) of seven β-adrenoceptor blocking agents in six different reversed-phase HPLC systems have been determined. Octanol-aqueous buffer (pH 7.4) partition constants (P) for these blocking agents were also obtained. By using target factor analysis (TFA), good empirical correlations between the log k′ and log P were derived. The resulting hydrophobicity order agrees well with the metabolic elimination pathways of these drugs.     

人胎盘提取组织凝血活酶及其质量评价

利用人胎盘抽提得组织凝血活酶，并对其质量进行了评价，同时初步应用于临床。结果显示：用含表面活性剂的抽提剂粉碎抽提的效果较好，所得组织凝血活酶重复性、灵敏度、稳定性均令人满意；与上海荣盛生物制品厂生产的ＰＴ试剂盒比较相关性好：Ｙ＝２．７５＋０．９０５ｘ，ｒ＝０．９２５３，经相关系数ｔ检验，ｔ＝２６．５４６９，Ｐ＜０．００１，呈直线正相关。临床初步应用显示：肝病及抗凝治疗等病人ＰＴ时间明显延长，９３例正常人ｘ＝１１．３秒，ｓ＝０．９６秒，正常范围９．４２－１３．１８秒。     

早期大剂量甲泼尼龙联合环孢素A冲击治疗对口服百草枯中毒患者预后的影响

目的 观察早期大剂量甲泼尼龙联合环孢素A冲击治疗对口服百草枯(PQ)中毒患者病死率、肺纤维化发生率的影响.方法 38例口服PQ中毒患者除常规给予洗胃、血液灌流等治疗外,早期给予大剂量糖皮质激素联合免疫抑制剂(环孢素A)冲击治疗.定期监测动脉血气分析、胸部CT、肝肾功能等指标.分析口服PQ中毒患者的病死率、肺纤维化的发生率.结果 38例PQ中毒患者中死亡13例,病死率为34.2%,其中12例患者在服毒后1周内死于多器官功能衰竭,另1例死于肺纤维化.25例存活者中,有18例在住院期间发生不同程度的氧合下降,其中17例胸部CT提示肺部间质性改变,13例出现两个以上脏器(肺、肝、肾)功能损伤.25例存活患者出院后随访1个月未诉特殊不适.结论 早期大剂量甲泼尼龙联合环孢素A冲击治疗可改善PQ中毒患者的预后,但进一步明确此方法 的疗效需开展大样本的随机、双盲对照研究.     

碘油与不同栓塞剂组合对子宫肌瘤疗效的影响

目的研究以碘油为主组合不同栓塞剂型治疗子宫肌瘤的疗效。方法36例子宫肌瘤患者,随机分为3组,采用与碘油不同栓塞剂组合,行双侧子宫动脉栓塞(UAE)治疗。Ⅰ组碘油 无水乙醇;Ⅱ组碘油 平阳霉素;Ⅲ组碘油 平阳霉素 无水乙醇 明胶海绵粒。术后随访观察月经恢复情况、瘤体大小、有无并发症发生等。结果Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ3组UAE治疗后,子宫肌瘤缩小>50%分别为3、4、8例,Ⅰ、Ⅱ组间无显著性差异(P>0.05);Ⅰ、Ⅱ组与Ⅲ3组之间有显著性差异(P<0.05);Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ3组间并发症发生率无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论碘油与无水乙醇、平阳霉素、明胶海绵粒联合栓塞子宫肌瘤其疗效优于其它组合剂型。     

Quantifying the blood oxygenation level dependent effect in cerebral blood volume-weighted functional MRI at 9.4T.

In cerebral blood volume (CBV)-weighted functional MRI (fMRI) employing superparamagnetic contrast agent, iron dose and blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) contamination are two important issues for experimental design and CBV quantification. Both BOLD and CBV-weighted fMRI are based upon the susceptibility effect, to which spin-echo and gradient-echo sequences have different sensitivities. In the present study, CBV-weighted fMRI was conducted using spin-echo and gradient-echo sequences at 9.4T by systematically changing the doses of contrast agent. Results suggest that BOLD contamination is a significant component in CBV-weighted fMRI at high field, particularly when relatively low dose of contrast agent is administered. A mathematical model was developed to quantify the extravascular (EV) BOLD effect. With a TE of 35 ms, the EV BOLD effect was estimated to account for 76+/-12% of the observed spin-echo fMRI signal at 9.4T. These data suggest that correcting BOLD effect may be necessary for accurately quantifying activation-induced CBV changes at high field.