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71.
维生素E对烧伤小鼠免疫功能改善及其机制 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
本实验研究了维生素E(VE)改善烧伤后免疫功能的作用,并对其作用机制进行了探讨。结果显示,小鼠11%~12%总体表面积(TBSA)全层皮肤烧伤后血、肝、脾中过氧化脂质(LPO)水平升高、谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量下降,淋巴细胞增殖反应、白介素一2(IL一2)生成、空斑形成细胞(IJFC)形成及迟发型超敏反应(DTH)均处于抑制状态。投予VE后可防止烧伤动物体内LPO水平、GSH含量明显变化,免疫功能受抑制的程度也明显小于未投予组。以超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)处理的作用与VE相同。体外实验显示,过氧化亚油酸可抑制淋巴细胞增殖反应以及IL一2产生、诱发淋巴细胞脂质过氧化、降低淋巴细胞内GSH含量。淋巴细胞上述功能的抑制与LPO水平密切相关;加入VE可抑制过氧化亚油酸对淋巴细胞的上述作用。提示VE可改善烧伤后免疫功能,其机制可能是通过抗氧化作用而发挥的。 相似文献
72.
Jens Jordan 《Clinical autonomic research》2007,17(6):331-333
Genes influencing the autonomic nervous system continue as a focus of research. Recent publications applied different methods
to identify genes influencing autonomic cardiovascular regulation in humans. Two reports relied on a candidate gene approach.
Common genetic polymorphisms in the promoter region of the tyrosine hydroxylase gene were shown to influence catecholamine
synthesis and blood pressure. The same group tested the hypothesis that the GTP cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH1) gene influences catecholamine
excretion and cardiovascular regulation. GCH1 affects tyrosine hydroxylase function indirectly. The authors concluded that
the GCH1 gene may influence cardiovascular autonomic regulation through changes in nitric oxide production rather than a change
in tyrosine hydroxylase activity. The third genetic study used a single nucleotide polymorphism chip to analyze 100,000 genetic
polymorphisms scattered throughout the genome in participants of the Framingham study. The authors identified several polymorphisms
that may influence QT interval duration, heart rate, and heart rate variability. The respective genes have not been identified
with certainty. Another study suggested that catecholamines may be released from phagocytes and regulate pulmonary inflammation
through alpha-2 adrenoreceptor activation in an autocrine or paracrine fashion. 相似文献
73.
Changes in activity of some mechanisms of specific and nonspecific immunity in vitamin B1 deficiency
A. D. Pletsityi 《Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine》1979,88(1):741-743
The effect of thiamine deficiency on the immune response and activity of certain mechanisms of natural immunity was studied in adult rats. Thiamine deficiency was simulated experimentally by a single injection of hydroxythiamine, a vitamin B1 antagonist. Administration of hydroxythiamine caused a marked decrease in complement activity, phagocytic activity of the peripheral blood leukocytes, bactericidal activity of the serum, and antibody production in response to immunization with sheep's red blood cells. Conversely, lysozyme activity increased. In vitamin B1 deficiency the intensity of incorporation of [14C]leucine into liver protein synthesis was reduced.Department of Pathological Physiology, N. I. Sechenov First Moscow Medical Institute. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR G. V. Vygodchikov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 88, No. 7, pp. 60–62, July, 1979. 相似文献
74.
Palermo B Garbelli S Mantovani S Scoccia E Da Prada GA Bernabei P Avanzini MA Brazzelli V Borroni G Giachino C 《European journal of immunology》2005,35(11):3153-3162
Vitiligo is a skin disorder characterized by depigmented macules secondary to melanocyte loss. An unusual facet is its relation to melanoma: cytotoxic T lymphocytes directed to melanocyte antigens are found in both conditions and imply a breakdown of tolerance, yet the resulting immune reaction is the opposite. The mechanisms at the basis of these opposite effects are not known. Here, we performed a direct comparison of whole melanocyte-specific T cell populations in the two diseases. We demonstrate that neither precursor frequencies of Melan-A/MART-1-specific T lymphocytes nor their status of activation differ significantly. However, by using a tetramer-based T cell receptor down-regulation assay, we documented a higher affinity of vitiligo T cells. We calculated that the peptide concentration required for 50% of maximal receptor down-regulation differed by 6.5-fold between the two diseases. Moreover, only vitiligo T cells were capable of efficient receptor down-regulation and IFN-gamma production in response to HLA-matched melanoma cells, suggesting that this difference in receptor affinity is physiologically relevant. The differences in receptor affinity and tumor reactivity were confirmed by analyzing Melan-A/MART-1-specific clones established from the two diseases. Our results suggest that the quality, and not the quantity, of the melanocyte-specific cytotoxic responses differs between the two pathologies. 相似文献
75.
天然免疫系统通常籍模式识别受体识别病原体相关分子模式。取决于感染的性质,模式识别受体通过细胞外 或细胞内途径识别病原体,并传导相应的信号,激活宿主防御应答,消灭入侵病原体。 相似文献
76.
Dr. Yvonne Paterson 《Immunologic research》1998,17(1-2):191-207
Our studies are mainly focused on developing strategies of immune regulation. In the case of infectious and neoplastic disease,
our approach is to upregulate cell-mediated immunity to viral of tumor antigens using an intracellular bacterium as a vector
for targeting these antigens to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II pathways of antigen processing,
in addition to exploiting the adjuvant properties of the vector to stimulate innate immunity. In the area of autoimmunity,
we are attempting to downregulate the immune response by specific immune intervention directed against autoreactive T cells.
In these studies we use murine models for multiple sclerosis. Our approach is to use both rationally designed T cell receptor
(TCR) peptide analogs and recombinant viral vectors that express TCR components to regulate the disease. 相似文献
77.
Induction and expression of protective T cells during Mycobacterium avium infections in mice. 下载免费PDF全文
Mycobacterium avium is an opportunistic pathogen that infects individuals suffering from chronic lung disease or immunocompromised patients such as AIDS patients. Here we show that a highly virulent isolate of M. avium proliferated as extensively in T cell deficient as in immunocompetent mice. T cell deficient mice allowed a progressive growth of a less virulent AIDS-derived isolate of M. avium while immunocompetent mice arrested the growth of this isolate. Adoptive transfer of T cell enriched spleen cells between congenic strains of mice differing at the Bcg/Ity/Lsh locus showed that only naturally resistant BALB/c.Bcgr (C.D2) mice infected with the highly virulent strain of M. avium or the naturally susceptible BALB/c mice infected with the lower virulence isolate developed protective T cells and that these cells only mediated protection when transferred to naturally susceptible, but not to naturally resistant, mice. Both strains of M. avium proliferated in bone marrow-derived macrophages cultured in vitro and they were both susceptible to the bacteriostatic effects induced in the macrophages by crude lymphokines produced by concanavalin A-stimulated spleen cells. 相似文献
78.
Paterson Y 《Immunologic research》2003,27(2-3):451-462
Our laboratory is interested in the properties of proteins that render them immunogenic, and how such immunogenicity may be
modulated in vivo. We are attempting to enhance the immune response in the design of more effective vaccines against viral
diseases, such as HIV, and against tumor antigens expressed on breast, ovarian, and cervical cancer and B cell lymphomas.
Our main approach is to use a facultative intracellular bacterium, Listeria monocytogenes, which has the unusual ability to live and grow in the cytoplasm of the cell and is thus an excellent vector for targeting
passenger antigens to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I pathway of antigen processing with the generation
of authentic cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) epitopes. In the field of tumor immunotherapy, we are also developing nonliving
vaccine vectors for tumor antigens. 相似文献
79.
CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞(Tr)是体内自然发生的调节性T细胞的重要亚群,具有无反应性和免疫抑制两大特性,主要通过与靶细胞的直接接触而起作用,其在体内不仅参与自身免疫性疾病、移植排斥反应等,还在肿瘤的发生、发展及免疫治疗中发挥重要作用.近几年来,Tr在肿瘤免疫中的作用倍受关注. 相似文献
80.
目的研究壳聚糖体内抗幽门螺杆菌(Hp)作用,及其对机体体液免疫反应的调节作用。方法建立BALB/c小鼠Hp感染的动物模型后,随机分为8组:(1)对照组;(2)PPI组;(3)AM组;(4)AM+PPI组;(5)壳聚糖组;(6)壳聚糖+PPI组;(7)壳聚糖+AM组;(8)壳聚糖+AM+PPI组。分别给予上述药物每日2次灌胃,共2周。停药后4周,处死小鼠,无菌条件下取胃黏膜、唾液和血清。采用定量Hp培养和病理改良Giemsa染色法检测胃黏膜内Hp感染。用ELISA法检测血清、唾液和胃黏膜内Hp抗体,用SP免疫组织化学法检测胃黏膜内分泌型IgA(sIgA)。结果以上8组的却根除率分别为0、0、41.7%、58.3%、58.3%、66.7%、83.3%、91.7%,其中(3)~(8)组的肋根除率与(1)和(2)组比较差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。Hp定植密度研究发现各组之间Hp定植密度差异有统计学意义(P〈0.001),坳定植密度在(3)~(8)组显著低于(1)和(2)组(P〈0.05),(7)组显著低于(3)组(P〈0.05),(8)组显著低于(4)组(P〈0.05)。血清中抗Hp IgG、IgG1、IgG2a及唾液中抗Hp IgA含量,各组差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。胃黏膜中抗Hp IgA含量,在壳聚糖组和壳聚糖+AM组显著高于无壳聚糖组(P〈0.05)。胃黏膜sIgA阳性腺体百分率,含壳聚糖组显著高于不含壳聚糖组(P〈0.05)。结论壳聚糖在体内有抗Hp作用,并与AM有协同作用,它与PPI和AM三者联用的Hp根除率高达91.7%,有望成为一抗Hp新药。壳聚糖可促进胃黏膜局部抗Hp IgA和sIgA的产生,因此它在体内的抗Hp作用除了直接杀灭Hp外,其对机体免疫调节效应可能参与了抗菌机制。 相似文献