新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病血浆内皮素与肺功能的关系

目的 :探讨内皮素 (ET)、在新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病 (HIE)中的作用及与肺功能关系。方法 :将 4 2例 HIE患儿按病情分为轻、中、重三组 ,各组均在入院后第 2天采用婴儿体描箱进行潮气呼吸分析、有效气道阻力及功能残气量等肺功能测定同时用放射免疫法测定血浆 ET水平。结果 :中、重度 HIE组血浆 ET水平均高于轻度组及对照组 ;中、重度HIE组肺功能测定提示 TPTEF/ TE、VPEF/ VE、PEF的下降。重度 HIE组潮气量下降 ,有效气道阻力增高。结论 :血浆ET水平增高与 HIE病情的严重程度相一致 ,肺功能检测指标可以解释血浆 ET水平的增高在新生儿中、重度 HIE发生肺动脉高压及急性肺损伤中起的作用 ,对 HIE临床治疗有一定的指导作用     

尼莫地平复方丹参注射液治疗新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病疗效观察

目的观察尼莫地平联合复方丹参注射液治疗新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)的疗效.方法 128例HIE患儿随机分为复方丹参注射液组32例,尼莫地平组,尼莫地平加复方丹参注射液,与对照组.结果复方丹参注射液组、尼莫地平组、尼莫地平加复方丹参注射液治疗组总有效率分别为81.3%(26/32)、80.0%(24/30)、97.1%(34/35),对照组总有效率为51.6%(16/31),P＜0.05.结论尼莫地平与复方丹参注射液在治疗HIE时有协同作用,疗效显著,未见副作用发生.     

血浆纤维连接蛋白含量对肺性脑病预后判断的临床价值

采用火箭电泳法对６４例（８０例次）肺性病患者进行血浆纤维连接蛋白（Ｆｎ）测定。合并肺性脑病１９例，并与１０６例健康人及１０４例其他呼吸疾患进行对比．结果表明：正常组、肺性病缓解组、急性发作组、肺性脑病组血浆Ｆｎ水平分别为３４．２７±６．３６ｍｇ／ｄｌ，２９．６１±４．２５ｍｓ／ｄｌ，１５．２１±５．２０ｍｇ／ｄｌ，１１．８２±５．６７ｍｇ／ｄｌ．肺性脑病患者血浆Ｆｎ显著降低，并随病情恶化而进一步下降。同时，其含量变化与ｐＨ值和ＰａＯ２呈正相关，与ＰａＣＯ２，呈负相关。因此动态观察肺性脑病患者血浆Ｆｎ含量可作为判断顶后一项较为可靠的指标。     

新生儿脑病S-100蛋白监测与预后的研究进展

目的:通过监测新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)患儿血清中S-100蛋白含量的动态变化,建立对HIE患儿的早期科学诊断及预后评估技术指标。并探讨S-100蛋白浓度变化与病情的严重程度及转归之间的关系。方法:采用酶联免疫吸附试验、双抗体夹心法检测,对120例HIE有症状组患儿(HIE轻度症状组40例,HIE中度症状组40例,HIE重度症状组40例)和40例新生儿窒息组患儿与40例对照组健康新生儿血清S-100蛋白含量进行检测,并进行动态观察。结果:①HIE有症状组不同时期血清S-100蛋白含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.01);②新生儿窒息组不同时期的血清S-100蛋白含量也明显高于对照组(P<0.01);③HIE有症状组血清S-100蛋白含量明显高于新生儿窒息组(P<0.05)。结论:HIE有症状组患儿病情越重,其血清S-100蛋白含量则越高,提示血清S-100蛋白可作为判断HIE病情程度的客观依据和早期诊断以及预后评估HIE的主要指标。     

缺血后处理与心肌保护

随着心脏外科手术和介入治疗的增加，人们越来越重视其中的主要病理生理过程——心肌缺血再灌注损伤（myocardium ischemic-reperfusion injury，MIRI）。MIRI是指心肌缺血一定时间后即使恢复血液灌注，仍将引起心肌功能障碍和结构损害，表现为致死性再灌注损伤、心肌顿抑、心律失常和能量代谢改变。其发病机制仍未完全阐明，通常认为与氧自由基、钙超载、中性粒细胞、微血管损伤和能量代谢障碍等有关。近年来对其发生机制和防治方法的研究越来越深入，发现缺血后处理（ischemic postconditioning，IPO）。有很好的心肌保护作用。现就IPO对心肌缺血和再灌注损伤的保护作用、可能机制及其意义作一综述。     

Prostaglandin E1‐effective,transient‐type ischemic colitis developed after surgical resection of sigmoid colon cancer. A case report

A 55‐year‐old‐man had a laparoscopic resection of the sigmoid colon due to colon cancer with submucosal invasion. After the surgery he suffered ileus and had a laparotomy. Six months later he complained of frequent defecation. Colonoscopy confirmed a circular ulcer extending from the anal side of the anastomosis in the sigmoid colon to the mid rectum. Endoscopic ultrasound demonstrated thickening of all layers of the diseased colon and rectum. We diagnosed ischemic colitis. After intravenous drip infusion of prostaglandin, symptoms and colonic stricture gradually improved. Although abdominal angiography revealed a narrowing of the peripheral sigmoid branch of the inferior mesenteric artery, blood flow was unrestricted. Colonoscopy performed 84 days after discharge revealed an ulcer scar.     

Comparison of Asymmetry in Cerebral Blood Flow Between Brain Hemispheres Using Digital Subtraction Angiography

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Recently, endovascular techniques have gained significant therapeutic potential for both treatment and prevention of stroke. Cerebral angiography, which is an essential component of these procedures, has been used to provide morphological information regarding condition of blood vessels. In this study, we propose to determine the possibility of acquiring information regarding cerebral blood flow (CBF) in addition to morphologic information from data routinely available during angiography. METHODS: Digital subtraction angiography sequences were obtained for eight patients having occlusive disease in internal carotid artery (ICA) territories. Two regions-of-interest (ROIs) corresponding to the two brain hemispheres on AP view were delineated. For each image, the average pixel value within each ROI was calculated and used to generate time-density curves. Indices obtained from each curve were compared with each other and with the results obtained from the single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) studies performed a pre- or postangiography procedure. RESULTS: Comparison between ICA stenosis and cerebral perfusion measurements revealed that cerebral perfusion deficit can be independent of arterial occlusive disease. The indices obtained from the time-density curves exhibit a correlating trend with the results from SPECT studies. However, lack of sufficient sample data prevented any meaningful statistical analysis to be conducted. CONCLUSIONS: We have developed a technique for utilizing the angiographic data for the important task of routinely and easily measuring CBF. Availability of CBF measurements during cerebral angiography may favorably impact upon the appropriate use of endovascular procedures and potentially contribute to the reduction of morbidity and mortality associated with stroke.     

Inflammatory biomarkers in blood of patients with acute brain ischemia

Although many failed surrogate markers are provided in the literature, inflammation may contribute to the outcome of ischemic stroke. In 50 consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke, in the absence of symptoms and signs of concomitant infection, we evaluated a panel of biomarkers reported to be variably associated with brain ischemia, and correlate their serum level with the brain lesion volume and clinical outcome. Infarct size was calculated on computed tomography (CT) scans by means of the Cavalieri's method. Neurological impairment was scored by using the Glasgow Coma Scale, Glasgow Outcome Scale and National Institutes of Health (NIH) scales at stroke onset and 3-month follow-up. Some markers showed a direct significant correlation with both initial and final NIH scale and with infarct size, particularly tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) (P=0.002), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (P<0.01) and matrix metalloproteinase-2/9 (P=0.001). In contrast to previous reports, interleukin-6 (IL-6) serum level showed a significant inverse correlation with both final neurological impairment and infarct size (P<0.001). This novel finding allows us suggesting that IL-6, in the context of a complex pro-inflammatory network occurring during stroke, is associated with neuroprotection rather than neurotoxicity in patients with ischemic brain injury.     

大鼠脑缺血预处理再灌注模型Bcl-2和Bax的表达

目的研究大鼠脑缺血预处理再灌注模型Bcl-2和Bax的表达。方法采用线栓法建立大鼠脑缺血预处理再灌注模型,缺血预处理后分别再灌注6h、12h、1d、2d、3d、5d和7d,免疫组化染色观察Bcl-2和Bax蛋白表达。结果Bcl-2阳性细胞数于缺血再灌注后第1d明显增加,第3d达到高峰,并维持到第7d,均明显高于对照组(均P<0·01)。不同缺血再灌注时间Bax阳性细胞数与对照组比较差异无显著性(均P>0·05)。结论上调Bcl-2表达可能是缺血预处理产生脑保护作用的机制之一。     

中西医结合治疗股骨头缺血性坏死

股骨头缺血性坏死是世界骨科难题之一。作者致力于中草药治疗本病的研究三十多年，近来又在手术治疗方面倾注心血，对该病的防治、康复创立了一整套中西医结合新方法，取得了满意效果。自１９８２年以来，共治疗各种股骨头坏死１１０１例，其中单纯中医治疗４３３例，手术配合中药治疗６６８例。按作者制定的百分评分法，总有效率９８％，优良率８４％，无一例需再作人工关节置换术。