不同药物对冻疮治疗的疗效

目的：观察生姜、山莨菪碱软膏治疗冻疮的疗效。方法：复制冻疮模型,将30只冻疮小白鼠随机分为生姜组、复方山莨菪碱软膏组和空白对照组,每组各10只。空白对照组用0.9%的生理盐水涂抹,药物组分别用生姜、复方山莨菪碱软膏涂抹。结果：与对照组相比,生姜组、山莨菪碱组小鼠耳朵水肿、血栓程度明显较轻,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：生姜、山莨菪碱软膏对治疗冻疮均有明显的疗效。     

温脾补肾舒肝法治疗脂代谢障碍临床观察

目的:观察柴胡桂枝干姜汤加味治疗脂代谢障碍的临床效果,从而进一步评价温脾补肾舒肝法治疗脂代谢障碍的疗效。方法:将126例脂代谢障碍患者随机分为治疗组与对照组各63例,治疗组服柴胡桂枝干姜汤加味,对照组服血脂康胶囊;疗程均为8周。结果:治疗组中医证候总有效率90.5%,调脂总疗效84.1%;对照组中医证候总有效率71.4%,调脂总疗效65.1%。两组比较差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论:柴胡桂枝干姜汤加味治疗脂代谢障碍有较好疗效,温脾补肾舒肝法治疗脂代谢障碍是一有效法则。     

灸神阙对支气管哮喘外周血T细胞亚群含量变化观察

采用隔姜灸神阙治疗２７例支气管哮喘，治疗前外周血Ｔ细胞亚群中Ｔ３、Ｔ４、Ｔ４／Ｔ８比值及ＮＫ细胞含量均低于正常值。经灸治后，Ｔ３、Ｔ４、Ｔ４／Ｔ８比值及ＮＫ细胞含量均升高。同时，临床症状、体征均有不同程度改善，说明艾灸治疗支气管哮喘的机制与Ｔ３、Ｔ４、Ｔ４／Ｔ８比值及ＮＫ细胞含量升高有关。     

高效液相色谱法测定生姜中6-姜酚的含量*

[目的]建立测定生姜中6-姜酚的高效液相色谱(HPLC)法。[方法]以100倍80%的甲醇热回流提取生姜2 h后用HPLC法测定;采用依利特C18反相色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);以异丙醇-甲醇-冰乙酸-水(12∶38∶4∶36,V/V/V/V)为流动相;流速0.8 mL/min;紫外检测波长280 nm;柱温34℃。[结果]6-姜酚在0.021 6~0.432 0μg的质量范围内与峰面积线性关系良好(r2=0.999 2,n=6),回收率为(100.79±2.84)%,RSD为2.84%。[结论]本法操作简便,灵敏度高,快速可靠,可用于生姜中6-姜酚含量的测定。     

Synbiotic (probiotic and ginger extract) loaded floating beads: a novel therapeutic option in an experimental paradigm of gastric ulcer

Objective This study investigated the use of a bioactive phytochemical, namely ginger extract (GE), for its antioxidant and antiulcer effects, and also for supporting probiotic growth and activity. Use of probiotics is limited in therapy because of their transience and inability to survive the adverse physiological conditions of the gastrointestinal tract. Packaging probiotics in a suitably designed pharmaceutical system with GE may facilitate their establishment in the stomach mucosa. Methods A probiotic (Lactobacillus acidophilus) and GE were simultaneously and individually encapsulated/immobilized in alginate floating beads. The developed system was evaluated for diameter, buoyancy, entrapment, porosity, in‐vitro viability/release and pharmacodynamics in a cold restraint stress induced gastric ulcer model in rats. Key finding The developed floating beads stayed in the stomach for more than 10 h and both agents were released slowly and over a prolonged period from these beads. Significant and promising results were obtained for the combination (synbiotic) system in terms of ulcer index, mucus secretion, oxidative stress and histopathological parameters, as compared with the individual agents. The developed system could completely revert the damage induced in ulcerated stomachs at physiological (ulcer index and mucus secretion), biochemical (oxidative stress) and histological levels. Conclusion This study establishes that suitable packaging of GE and Lactobacillus acidophilus together in floating beads can help exploit their prospects as therapeutic curative agents rather than potential preventive agents.     

Zingiber officinale ameliorates allergic asthma via suppression of Th2-mediated immune response

Abstract

Context: Ginger has been used commonly in the traditional system of medicine for the treatment of respiratory disorders.

Objective: The present study investigates the immunosuppressive activity of ginger by using the mouse model of ovalbumin-induced allergic asthma.

Materials and methods: Treatment with ethanol extract (500?mg/kg) and aqueous extract (720?mg/kg) of rhizomes, and methylprednisolone (5?mg/kg) was initiated 1 week after second sensitization of mice with ovalbumin and continued for 7?d. RT-PCR followed by gel electrophoresis and ELISA were used for the evaluation of mRNA expression levels and protein levels of Th2 type markers, respectively. Lung tissue histopathology was conducted by using H&E and PAS staining.

Results: We observed significant reduction in goblet cell hyperplasia (0.83?±?0.17 and 1.0?±?0.26), infiltration of inflammatory cells in airways (0.67?±?0.33 and 1.0?±?0.37), and edema with vascular congestion (1.0?±?0.26 and 1.2?±?0.17) by both ethanol and aqueous extracts, respectively. A highly significant reduction of total and differential count of eosinophils and neutrophils in BALF, and eosinophil count in blood were also observed. Both extracts significantly inhibited Th2-mediated immune response, which is evident by a decrease in mRNA expression levels of IL-4 and IL-5. Protein levels of IL-4 and IL-5 in BALF, along with total serum IgE levels, were also significantly suppressed by both extracts.

Discussion and conclusion: Our study validated the traditional use of ginger in respiratory disorders and suggests that ginger reduces allergic airway inflammation, possibly by the suppression of Th2-mediated immune response.     

基于析因设计探讨附子与人参、黄芪、干姜的交互关系

目的：考察中药附子、人参、黄芪、干姜干预阿霉素（ADR）心脏毒性损伤模型大鼠的效应机制,分析附子与人参、黄芪、干姜的交互关系。方法：将72 只大鼠随机分为9 组,每组8 只。除正常组外,各组大鼠按2.5 mg·kg-1 体重剂量腹腔注射阿霉素,每周1 次,连续4 周,累计10 mg·kg-1。附子、干姜组按1.75 g·kg-1,人参、黄芪组按0.875 g·kg-1,参附、芪附组按2.625 g·kg-1,姜附组按3.5 g·kg-1 体重剂量灌胃水煎液,每日1 次,连续4 周。测定超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）,肌钙蛋白（CTn）、细胞色素C（CytC）,心肌线粒体Bax、Bcl2、Caspase-3、Caspase-9 等指标,关联密切指标计算综合评分,对各项指标及综合指标进行药物组间单因素方差分析及药物间交互作用分析的析因设计方差分析。结果：模型组与正常组比较,各项指标差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。附子、人参、黄芪、干姜对各项指标均有不同程度影响,附子与人参、黄芪、干姜的交互作用（除Bax 外）均有统计学意义。结论：中药附子、人参、黄芪、干姜对ADR 模型大鼠心脏均具有一定的保护作用,附子与人参、黄芪、干姜配伍均能提升单一用药的效果。     

GC-MS分析栀子姜制前后挥发油的化学组成成分变化

目的:比较栀子姜制前后挥发油中的化学成分在组成和含量 上的变化,为阐释姜栀子配伍炮制的物质基础内涵提供科学依据.方法:采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取栀子、生姜、姜栀子中的挥发油,利用GC-MS鉴定并比较分析3个样品中化学成分变化,应用峰面积归一化法计算各成分的相对质量分数.结果:栀子、生姜、姜栀子挥发油的质量分数分别为1.0,2.0,1.5μL·g-1.从栀子、生姜和姜栀子挥发油中分别检出42,75,77个色谱峰,总共鉴定了89种化合物,其中栀子30种、生姜58种、姜栀子67种,分别占挥发油总量的94.10％,90.52％,94.38％.结论:栀子姜制后挥发油成分在含量和组成上均发生了明显变化.     

金银花和干姜对小鼠的毒性研究

目的研究寒热属性不同的中药(金银花、干姜)对小鼠的毒性作用。方法将金银花、甘草和干姜的水溶液给予小鼠2周,观察小鼠的生存情况,统计存活小鼠的数量。处死动物,取肝脏、肾脏和心脏组织,测定其中部分元素(锰、铁、铜、锌、镁、钙、磷)的含量变化。结果寒热属性不同的中药对实验动物的毒性作用非常明显,实验小鼠的肝脏、肾脏和心脏组织中,部分元素的含量出现了一定程度的变化,发生在肝脏组织中的元素含量变化最为显著。结论寒热属性不同的中药对小鼠有毒性作用,实验动物的肝脏组织可能是研究不同中药药性的较好的实验材料。     

半夏治疗胸痹及各种急症的依据及功效

《金匮要略》中的生姜半夏汤乃编者之差。误入呕吐哕门中,实应为治胸痹之良方。这在后世医家的摘述中可以体现。从胸痹的病因病机以及半夏的功效来看,半夏亦应为治疗胸痹之主药。