PDE5基因siRNA对人阴茎海绵体平滑肌细胞cGMP的影响

目的:观察PDE5基因小干扰RNA(siRNA)对人阴茎海绵体平滑肌细胞环磷酸鸟苷(cGMP)的影响,为阴茎勃起功能障碍(ED)的基因治疗提供实验依据。方法:使用美国Amb ion公司提供的设计软件设计并合成人PDE5基因的siRNA序列,合成3对PDE5 siRNA和1对阴性对照siRNA,转染人阴茎海绵体平滑肌细胞,同时设定空白转染组为对照组。以酶联免疫法分别检测转染后不同时间(24、48、72、96 h)点海绵体平滑肌细胞内cGMP浓度变化,观察PDE5 siRNA对海绵体平滑肌细胞内cGMP的影响。结果:siRNA1、siRNA2和siRNA3转染后人阴茎海绵体平滑肌细胞cGMP水平显著高于阴性对照siRNA组和空白对照组(P<0.05),在转染后72 h最为显著,siRNA1、siRNA2、siRNA3、阴性对照siRNA和空白对照组cGMP测定值分别为:5.89±0.19、3.52±0.16、2.88±0.08、0.72±0.12、0.60±0.16 pmol/m l,siRNA1组明显高于siRNA2、siRNA3组(P<0.05)。结论:体外化学合成的PDE5 siRNA能有效地增加海绵体平滑肌细胞内cGMP的水平,不同序列siRNA增加cGMP水平的能力不同,为ED的基因治疗提供了新思路。     

WHAT KIND OF BENEFIT DO WE EXPECT FOR PERORAL PANCREATOSCOPY IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF INTRADUCTAL PAPILLARY MUCINOUS TUMOR OF THE PANCREAS?

Intraductal papillary mucinous tumor (IPMT) of the pancreas is characterized by slow growth and a relatively favorable prognosis, however, invasive cancer originating in an IPMT is associated with a poor prognosis. Although various parameters in imaging modalities have been advocated to differentiate between benign IPMN and malignant ones, it is not easy to obtain definite diagnosis based on these parameters. Peroral pancreatoscopy (POPS) allows a clear and direct visualization of the pancreatic duct, providing useful information regarding tumor nature in IPMT. The authors have studied the usefulness of POPS in the diagnosis of IPMT. Nevertheless, its usefulness is not necessarily widely accepted and the significance of POPS is still controversial. In this review, the authors intended to address the diagnostic value of POPS and to clarify its role in the diagnosis of IPMT. The authors think treatment of IPMT can be improved by introducing POPS because the determination of surgical procedure as well as the area of resection based on the preoperative diagnosis of the involvement of the main pancreatic duct and branch duct is inevitable.     

四环素调控系统修饰永生化大鼠星形胶质细胞株的构建及鉴定

目的构建四环素及其衍生物强力霉素诱导表达目的基因的永生化大鼠星形胶质细胞株。方法用脂质体法将逆转录病毒载体四环素调控系统中的质粒pRevTet-On转染病毒包装细胞 PT67,经筛选培养后获得病毒载体RevTet-On,采用RT-PCR进行鉴定,并应用NIH313细胞测定病毒滴度。将RevTet-On感染永生化大鼠星形胶质细胞,用有限稀释法挑选阳性细胞单克隆后扩大培养,每个克隆瞬时转染含萤光素酶报告基因的质粒pRevTRE-Lue,加入强力霉素48h后分别检测其萤光素酶活性值,挑选出强力霉素诱导表达高、背景表达低的细胞株并检测其诱导表达的时效、量效关系。结果 RT-PCR结果显示逆转录病毒包装成功,病毒最高滴度为7．4×105CFU／ml。RevTet-On转染永生化大鼠星形胶质细胞后挑选出48个单克隆,瞬时转染pRevTER-Luc后筛选出1株高表达低背景细胞株, 其诱导表达值为876．1 RLU,背景表达值为42．5 RLU,诱导倍数为20．6。该细胞株在加入诱导因子强力霉素1 h后目的基因即开始表达,在24 h时达到高峰,在强力霉素浓度100-2 000 ng/ml的范围内, 其诱导表达活性与药物浓度呈剂量依赖性。结论含四环素调控系统的永生化大鼠星形胶质细胞株诱导活性可靠,可用于调控表达外源基因的研究。     

IL-1Ra和IL-10真核表达质粒载体的构建及其表达检测

目的:构建人IL-1Ra和人IL-10真核表达质粒载体并检测其表达。方法:用双酶切方法切取PCDI-IL-1Ra和PCDI-IL-10质粒中包含人IL-1Ra和人IL-10 CDS全长序列的cD-NA片段,并分别连接到真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1上,然后用壳聚糖转染上述质粒到原代软骨细胞,RT-PCR检测其mRNA水平的表达。结果:成功将人IL-1Ra和IL-10 CDS全长序列的cDNA片段克隆到真核表达载体,mRNA水平检测到目的基因的表达明显提高。结论:真核表达质粒可以用于外源基因的原代软骨细胞导入和表达,为进一步的基因治疗研究提供依据。     

表达谱基因芯片筛选体外循环前后心肌细胞因子的变化

Objestive Systemic inflarmmation may be triggered by injury, hypothermia, ischemia-reperfusion and the contact of the blood with foreign body during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). To determine the application values of gene chip technique in the clinical practice and the study of cardiovascular stagery, as well as to provide clues to the study of inflammatory responess during CPB, microarry for gene expression profiles was used to identify the differences in the gene expression of myocardium between pre-and post- CPB. Methods Six adult patients who underwent CPB from March to May in 2003 were involved. Samples of right atrium were col- lected before and at immediate end of CPB. BD AtlasTM cDNA Expression Arrays was used to identify the differences in the gene ex- pression of cytokines. The results were compared with that of semi-quantative RT-PCR. Resellts The mean age of 6 patients (5 males and 1 female) was (32.67± 11.72) years. The baseline heart function was gradeⅡin 3 cases and grade Ⅲ in 3 other cases. The baseline left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)was (58.17±7.91)%. The mere duration was (91.67±43.88) minutes for CPB and was (58.67±43.46) minutes for aorta blocking. The minimum nasopharynx/rectal temperture was (29.37±1.90)℃/ (32.15±1.52)℃. Gene expression profiles of cytokines in the myocardium pre- and post-CPB were analysed successfully. The ex- pression of IL-6, IFN-γ,Wnt5a, TNFRSF1B, a member of tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, PIGF and MFNG in the myo- cardium were unpregulated after CPB. Conclusion Microarray technique is applicable in the study of cytokines changes dying CPB. cDNA microarray identified pleliminarily the differences in the gene expression between pre- and post-CPB. These genes may be in- valved in inflammation and other psthophysiological responses incuced by CPB. The myocardiym is probably one of the major sources of cytokines during CPB. Further study may be helpful in understanding the llngthe development of inflammation during CPB, and eventually, reducing the post-operative complications.     

热缺血再灌注损伤影响肝脏细胞周期检查点调控的基因表达分析

目的动态观察肝脏热缺血再灌注损伤（WIRI）对细胞周期检查点基因的表达影响，研究其分子机制帮助了解那些与热缺血再灌注相关的疾病。方法采用成组对照的实验设计，利用微阵列芯片和逆转录-聚合酶链反应（PCR）联合分析技术，分析SD大鼠热缺血再灌注损伤处理后的基因表达变化（其中芯片分析8只、RT-PCR定量分析16只）；运用系统生物学分析方法对功能基因进行聚类。结果分别得到了热缺血再灌注损伤处理后肝脏的细胞周期各检查点基因及早期即刻基因表达数据，将其中与细胞周期密切相关的的功能基因（上调的223条、下调的62条变化幅度均大于3倍）做进一步分析。结论肝脏热缺血再灌注损伤通过细胞周期／检查点控制基因影响细胞周期G1／S、G2／M的运行，抑制DNA的合成和染色体的分裂。推测可能影响受损的DNA双链自我修复和后期的组织细胞再生、凋亡。     

人精子体外氧化损伤对线粒体tRNA~(LeuUUR)基因的影响

目的:探讨活性氧(ROS)对人类精子线粒体tRNALeuUUR基因的氧化损伤。方法:采用Percoll梯度离心法筛选具有正常生理功能的精子,作为正常精子模型,并分为损伤组20例和对照组20例,分别加入次黄嘌呤-黄嘌呤氧化酶体系或不予处理,37℃有氧环境中孵育60min。分别提取精子DNA,以Fpg酶切损伤碱基并采用接头介导PCR(LM-PCR)检测线粒体tRNALeuUUR基因的氧化损伤。采用Rhodamine(Rh123)荧光探针标记精子,通过流式细胞仪检测线粒体膜电位,观察精子的功能。结果:与对照组相比,损伤组精子孵育后线粒体膜电位明显降低[(116.27±11.72)%vs(64.00±4.88)%,P<0.05]。Fpg酶切和LM-PCR显示精子线粒体tRNALeuUUR基因损伤。结论:ROS可能通过对精子线粒体tRNALeuUUR基因氧化损伤而影响精子功能(线粒体膜电位明显降低),从而引起不育。     

有关医院空调水系统若干问题的探讨

主要阐述空调水系统利用平衡阀调节系统阻力,保持系统水力稳定;利用软启动器实施水泵的平滑软启动;压差旁通阀的作用及选型安装;系统管道热膨胀等问题。