消毒措施对控制学校室内空气中微生物效果观察

为了观察三氯异氰尿酸对室内空气微生物的杀灭效果 ,采用平板沉降法进行了检测。结果 ,消毒前不同地点室内空气中细菌总数平均为 4 0 0 0cfu/m3 。用有效氯含量 10 0 0mg/L的三氯异氰尿酸水溶液喷雾消毒 ,4 5min后室内空气中细菌总数明显减少 ,平均控制在 2 0 0 0cfu/m3 以内。对空气中细菌平均消除率为 5 8.33% ,其中使放线菌下降 5 1.5 9% ,真菌下降 33.6 0 %。结果显示 ,三氯异氰尿酸喷雾消毒对空气中细菌有一定杀灭作用     

一种中药复配消毒剂的研制及其消毒效果与毒性的研究

用醋酸氯己定的乙醇溶液辅以中草药的乙醇提取液配制成喷脚宁消毒剂,为观察其杀菌效果与毒性,采用载体定量杀菌试验和动物试验进行了实验室研究。结果,以体积分数 5%喷脚宁消毒剂(含醋酸氯己定 150mg/L)作用 20min,对布片上金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌等细菌繁殖体和白色念珠球菌、黑曲霉菌、须癣毛癣菌、石膏样小孢子菌等真菌的杀灭率达 99. 9%以上; 25%、50%有机物对其杀灭金黄色葡萄球菌无明显影响, 37℃存放 90d后其杀灭白色念珠菌的效果无明显变化。喷脚宁小鼠急性经口毒性试验属于实际无毒级,对家兔皮肤无刺激性,对家兔眼黏膜有刺激性。结果表明,喷脚宁抗菌作用广谱,可用于皮肤局部消毒。     

赛多孢霉属侵袭感染的临床特征及实验室检查分析

目的探讨侵袭性赛多孢霉属感染的临床表现和实验室检查特点。方法收集2011年1月至2017年4月收治的8例赛多孢霉属患者的临床资料,对赛多孢霉属感染相关病例的临床表现、诱发因素和实验室检查的特点进行回顾性分析。结果8例患者中检出尖端赛多孢霉6株,波氏赛多孢霉1株,多育赛多孢霉1株。外伤、环境暴露和免疫力降低是赛多孢霉属感染的常见诱发因素。标本直接镜检均查见有隔菌丝,阳性率100%。菌落生长速度相对较快,侵袭力强,菌落形态多样,呈白色羊绒状至黑酵母样,随着培养时间的延长,从菌落中心开始颜色逐渐变深,结合镜下形态可进行菌属的快速鉴别。结论侵袭性赛多孢霉属感染病程进展迅速,病情凶险,以尖端赛多孢霉感染最多见。应加强对赛多孢霉属感染疾病的认识,提高诊治水平。     

427例足癣的菌型分布及患者相关知识的调查分析

目的　了解杭州地区足癣的菌型分布情况及患者对足癣知识的认识程度。方法　采用镜检，真菌培养方法对427例足癣患者进行了病原 菌的流行病学调查，同时采用问卷调查方式，了解患者对足癣有关知识的认知情况。结果　427例真菌镜检阳性的足癣患者中真菌鉴定结果红色 毛癣菌302例，占70.73％，其次是须癣毛癣菌67例，占15.69％，另有32例絮状表皮癣菌和17例白色念珠菌感染，9例培养未见真菌生长。足癣 是传染性皮肤病；足癣是真菌感染；足癣不是脚气病；足癣可引起化脓感染；传染足癣的主要途径是共用拖鞋、脚盆、擦脚布；足部出汗过多 是病因之一；足癣治疗要坚持用药的正确回答率分别为64.87%，42.86%，68.62％，27.40％，62.06％，42.39％及33.26%。结论足癣主要由红 色毛癣菌和须癣毛癣菌感染所致。约半数的足癣患者对足癣相关知识了解不全面，临床工作中应加强对患者有关足癣知识的宣传及普及。     

CT在真菌性鼻窦炎诊断中的价值

目的 探讨CT在真菌性鼻窦炎诊断中的价值。方法 回顾性分析经手术、病理证实的30例真菌性鼻窦炎患者的临床表现、CT特征及术中所见。结果 CT征象：病变的窦腔内为不均匀的密度增高影，其中17例病变窦腔内呈不规则点状或片状钙化影，5例上颌窦内壁骨质吸收破坏，上颌窦口扩大11例，上颌窦骨壁增生硬化16例。CT诊断鼻窦炎27例，其中真菌性鼻窦炎23例，上颌窦占位性病变3例。结论 窦腔内散在点状、片状钙化的软组织充填是真菌性鼻窦炎CT诊断的主要征象。CT在真菌性鼻窦炎的诊断中具有重要价值。     

A systematic review on SARS-CoV-2-associated fungal coinfections

A severe pandemic of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) has been sweeping the globe since 2019, and this time, it did not stop, with frequent mutations transforming into virulent strains, for instance, B.1.1.7, B.1.351, and B.1.427. In recent months, a fungal infection, mucormycosis has emerged with more fatal responses and significantly increased mortality rate. To measure the severity and potential alternative approaches against black fungus coinfection in COVID-19 patients, PubMed, Google Scholar, World Health Organization (WHO) newsletters, and other online resources, based on the cases reported and retrospective observational analysis were searched from the years 2015–2021. The studies reporting mucormycosis with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) coinfection and/or demonstrating potential risk factors, such as a history of diabetes mellitus or suppressed immune system were included, and reports published in non-English language were excluded. More than 20 case reports and observational studies on black fungus coinfection in COVID-19 patients were eligible for inclusion. The results indicated that diabetes mellitus, hyperglycemic, and immunocompromised COVID-19 patients with mucormycosis were at a higher risk. We found that it was prudent to assess the potential risk factors and severity of invasive mycosis via standardized diagnostic and clinical settings. Large-scale studies need to be conducted to identify early biomarkers and optimization of diagnostic methods has to be established per population and geographical variation. This will not only help clinicians around the world to detect the coinfection in time but also will prepare them for future outbreaks of other potential pandemics.     

灵芝治疗毒蕈中毒疗效分析

目的探讨灵芝对毒蕈中毒的治疗效果．方法将84例毒蕈中毒病人随机分为实验组（42例）和对照组（42例）,对照组给予常规治疗,实验组在常规治疗基础上加用灵芝煎液口服,比较两组疗效及脏器损害情况．结果实验组疗效明显好于对照组（P〈0．05）,实验组住院天数明显缩短,脏器损害程度减轻,两组肝、肾功能比较,实验组在2～4d达到高峰,对照组则在5—7d后才达到高峰．比较两组各项指标,实验组明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）．结论灵芝治疗毒蕈中毒疗效明显,可有效降低死亡率、减少住院天数,减轻病人经济负担．     

白木香内生真菌R7抗菌活性代谢产物

目的 研究白木香内生真菌Phaeoacremonium rubrigenum发酵液的化学成分.方法 采用多种柱色谱技术对发酵液中的化学成分进行分离鉴定,根据波谱数据和理化性质鉴定化合物的结构.并用杯碟法和滤纸片琼脂扩散法测定抗耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(methicillin-resistant Staphylococc...     

COPD继发肺部真菌感染76例临床分析

目的探讨慢性阻塞性肺病患者医院内肺部真菌感染的危险因素及治疗方法。方法对2010年1月～2011年12月笔者所在医院收治的76例COPD继发肺部真菌感染患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 76例患者中,治愈率65.79%(50/76),有效率19.74%(15/76),无效率9.21%(7/76),死亡率5.26%(4/76)。结论针对COPD患者临床病死率较高的情况,尽量消除患者医院内肺部真菌感染的危险因素,从而降低病死率。     

Anti-inflammatory activity of lansais from endophytic Streptomyces sp. SUC1 in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells

This research was undertaken to find the in vitro inflammatory action of lansai A–D produced by Streptomyces sp. SUC1. We investigated the effects of lansai C not only on the formation of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂), tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-6 and IL-10, but also on inducible NO synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. The data obtained were consistent with the modulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase enzyme expression. A similar fashion was also observed when LPS-induced PGE₂ release and COX-2 expression were tested. The significant inhibitory effects were shown in concentration-dependent manners. In addition, lansai C also mildly but significantly reduced the formation of TNF-α. These findings support the application of lansai C as anti-inflammatory agent.