Targeting eradication of chronic myeloid leukemia using chimeric oncolytic adenovirus to drive IL-24 expression

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal disorder in which cells of the myeloid lineage undergo massive clonal expansion as well as resistance to conventional chemotherapy. Gene therapy hold a great promise for treatment of malignancies based on the transfer of genetic material to the tissues. In this study, we explore whether chimeric oncolytic adenovirus-mediated transfer of human interleukin-24 (IL-24) gene induce the enhanced antitumor potency. Our results showed that chimeric oncolytic adenovirus carrying hIL-24 (AdCN205-11-IL-24) could produce high levels of hIL-24 in CML cancer cells, as compared with constructed double-regulated oncolytic adenovirus expressing hIL-24 (AdCN205-IL-24). AdCN205-11-IL-24 could specifically induce cytotoxocity to CML cancer cells, but little or no effect on normal cell lines. AdCN205-11-IL-24 exhibited remarkable anti-tumor activities and induce higher antitumor activity to CML cancer cells by inducing apoptosis in vitro. Our study may provides a potent and safe tool for CML gene therapy.     

Transfer of Hexon‐ and Penton‐selected adenovirus‐specific T cells for refractory adenovirus infection after haploidentical stem cell transplantation

Adenovirus (HAdV) infections confer a high risk of morbidity and mortality for immunocompromised patients after stem cell transplantation (SCT). Treatment with standard antiviral drugs is of limited efficacy and associated with a high rate of adverse effects. HAdV‐specific T cells are crucial for sustained viral elimination and the efficacy of adoptive T‐cell therapy with donor‐derived HAdV‐specific T cells has been reported by several investigators. Here, we report our experience with the transfer of HAdV‐specific T cells specific for penton, which was recently identified as an immunodominant target of T cells, and hexon in a 14‐year‐old boy after T‐cell‐depleted haploidentical SCT for myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). He developed severe HAdV‐associated enteritis complicated by acute graft‐versus‐host disease (GvHD). The patient received ten infusions of allogeneic HAdV‐specific T cells manufactured from the haploidentical stem cell donor using the CliniMacs Interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) cytokine capture and immunomagnetic selection. Initially, T cells were generated against the immunodominant target hexon and in subsequent transfers dual antigen‐specific T cells against hexon and penton were applied. T‐cell transfers were scheduled individually tailored to current immunosuppressive treatment. Each transfer was followed by reduction of HAdV load in peripheral blood and clinical improvement. Importantly, T‐cell responses to both penton and hexon pools emerged in patient blood after repetitive transfers. Unfortunately, the patient experienced bacterial sepsis, and in this context, severe GvHD requiring intensive immunosuppression followed by secondary progression of HAdV infection. The patient succumbed to multiorgan failure 283 days after SCT. This case demonstrates the feasibility of HAdV‐specific T‐cell transfer even in the presence of immunosuppressive treatment. Targeting of multiple immunodominant viral proteins may prove valuable in patients with complicated HAdV infections.     

脂联素通过减轻氧化应激治疗动脉粥样硬化的研究

观察不同滴度的脂联素腺病毒载体对高脂饮食载脂蛋白E基因敲除小鼠动脉粥样硬化模型的影响,以探讨脂联素抗动脉粥样硬化（AS）是否与减轻氧化应激有关。将48只健康成年12周龄载脂蛋白E基因敲除小鼠随机分为4组,对照组,模型组,低剂量脂联素组,高剂量脂联素组。对照组给予正常饮食8周;模型组给予高脂饮食8周;低剂量脂联素组每两周经尾静脉注射脂联素腺病毒载体1．0×108p．f．u,实验期间高脂饮食;高剂量脂联素组每两周经尾静脉注射脂联素腺病毒载体5．0×108p．f．u．实验期间高脂饮食。实验结束后,摘眼球采血取血清,测定总胆固醇（TC）,甘油三酯（TG）,低密度脂蛋白（LDL-C）,高密度脂蛋白（HDL-C）,以及血清脂联素（APN）含量,超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性,丙二醛（,MDA）含量,取小鼠主动脉血管。实时荧光定量扩增法（RT-PCR）测定小鼠主动脉血管APN,内皮型一氧化氮合酶（eNOS）的表达。与模型组比较,外源性的脂联素降低了血清TG,TC,LDL-C,MDA的含量,血清SOD活性增加,上调动脉血管中APN和eNOS的表达。AS损伤面积明显减少,分别降低了26％和31％（P＜0．05）,脂纹区的脂滴直径降低极显著（P＜0．01）,随着APN剂量的增加,AS损伤逐步减轻,但是低剂量脂联素组和高剂量脂联素组的差异没有统计学意义。减轻氧化应激是脂联素抑制动脉粥样硬化的一种保护机制和途径。     

重庆市渝东南少数民族地区182例学龄前期急性呼吸道腺病毒感染患儿的特征及基因分型研究

目的调查重庆市渝东南少数民族地区182例学龄前期急性呼吸道腺病毒(ADV)感染患儿的特征及基因分型情况。方法对2018年1月~2019年1月重庆市渝东南少数民族地区来医院就诊的182例学龄前期急性呼吸道ADV感染患儿的资料进行回顾性分析,调查其流行病学特征以及基因分型情况,包括性别、年龄、地区、季节、家庭收入、临床表现、感染途径、混合感染情况和ADV基因型别。结果男性(51.65%)占比与女性(48.35%)占比基本一致;"3岁≤年龄<4岁"年龄段占比最高(47.25%);市区占比高于县区,黔江区占比77.47%;季节分布中以春季(40.66%)和冬季(37.36%)高发;低收入家庭(<3000元)占比最高(67.03%);临床表现分布中发热占比最高(98.90%),其次为咳嗽(56.04%);感染途径以空气传播(61.54%)为主;与鼻病毒混合感染者占比最高(13.19%);ADV检出率B组(66.49%)最高,其中HAdV-3占比最高(54.40%)。结论重庆市渝东南少数民族地区急性呼吸道ADV感染多发于市区、"3岁≤年龄<4岁"年龄段、低收入家庭儿童,春季高发,临床表现中主要为发热、咳嗽,主要通过空气传播,以HAdV-3感染为主,部分患者存在混合感染情况。     

腺病毒7型河南分离株全基因序列测定及重组分析

目的了解腺病毒7型河南分离株（hAdV35/Henan/2010）全基因特征及与其他腺病毒之间的进化重组关系。方法设计39对全长引物,采用RT-PCR方法扩增河南分离株腺病毒全序列,用DNASTAR中的SeqMan拼接全序,运用BioEdit进行序列剪齐,运用Mega4.0分析基因组编码蛋白hexon、fiber、E4和penton区域氨基酸与核苷酸的同源性,并与其他腺病毒序列绘制进化树,运用Simplot软件进行序列重组分析。结果 hAdV35/Henan/2010基因组全长35 234bp,与其他腺病毒相比,基因组氨基酸和核苷酸同源性为68.0%-99.8%和46.5%-99.5%。不同编码区hexon、fiber、E4和penton的核苷酸同源性分别为72.4%-95.4%、74.1%-97.0%、55.7%-92.7%和69.9%-99.3%。进化树分析显示河南分离株与腺病毒7型疫苗株同属一支,与腺病毒3型进化分支最近,Bootsacn分析显示与B亚属腺病毒在多个区域发生重组,尤其与腺病毒3在hexon区域高度重组。结论 hAdV35/Henan/2010与B族腺病毒亲缘关系较近,与hAdV3在hexon区域存在重组。     

腺病毒转染法构建表达乙型肝炎病毒核心蛋白小鼠肝癌细胞系及其在乙肝疫苗评价中的应用

目的 构建一种可高效表达乙型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis B virus,HBV)核心蛋白(HBc)C57BL/6小鼠来源肝癌细胞系,并以其作为靶细胞评价乙肝基因疫苗在C57BL/6小鼠体内所引起的HBc特异性细胞毒性T细胞(CTL)的活性.方法 以HBV全基因组为模板,采用PCR方法扩增HBc基因,插入AdEasy腺病毒穿梭载体,构建携带HBc蛋白的腺病毒穿梭载体AD-HBc,电转携带有腺病毒骨架质粒(Ad-Easy)的E.coli BJ5183感受态细胞,获得重组腺病毒质粒AD-CMV-HBc,经PmeⅠ线性化处理后转染HEK293细胞进行包装得到相关的重组腺病毒,再感染C57BL/6小鼠来源肝癌细胞系Hepa1-6.结果 成功构建表达HBc蛋白的重组腺病毒,在体外对Hepa1-6细胞的感染率几乎为100％,并且HBc蛋白得到高效表达.以此为靶细胞用于pVAX1-HBc基因疫苗免疫C57BL/6小鼠产生的CTL活性的体外检测.结论 我们成功构建HBc蛋白表达的靶细胞系,对研究乙肝病毒核心抗原(HBcAg)所引起的细胞免疫反应及乙肝发病机理等方面有重要意义.     

腺病毒siRNA抑制RhoA基因并联合TNF-α诱导肝癌细胞凋亡的研究

目的建立RhoA基因的腺病毒siRNA系统,并联合TNF-α诱导肝癌细胞凋亡,分析RhoA在肿瘤细胞中的功能和作用。方法用已构建的RhoA干扰质粒构建RhoA的腺病毒siRNA系统,筛选重组病毒并感染HepG2细胞,应用Western blot和RT-PCR检测RhoA蛋白表达和基因表达水平。感染Ad-siRNA-RhoA腺病毒的肝癌细胞用TNF-α诱导后进行MTT以及细胞内DNA片段化检测。结果成功构建RhoA基因的siRNA腺病毒系统。用重组病毒感染肝癌细胞,RhoA蛋白表达抑制率为76.48%;RhoA基因的mRNA转录水平降低74.46%。MTT检测显示,感染腺病毒Ad-U6-control对照组以及感染腺病毒Ad-siRNA-RhoA实验组的细胞A值差异无统计学意义(F=5.41,P>0.01),即利用siRNA抑制肝癌细胞中RhoA表达,肿瘤细胞凋亡不明显。TUNEL检测显示,RhoA腺病毒siRNA联合TNF-α致肿瘤细胞凋亡作用显著。结论构建的腺病毒siRNA载体系统能抑制目的基因RhoA的表达,联合TNF-α能抑制肿瘤细胞生长和增殖并诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡,为肿瘤基因功能的基础研究和肿瘤基因治疗打下了实验基础。     

定量动态增强磁共振在乳腺肿块样腺病中的应用价值

目的：探讨定量动态增强磁共振(DCE-MRI)在诊断乳腺肿块样腺病中的应用价值。方法收集54例依据乳腺磁共振半定量增强检查方法 BI-RADS 诊断为4、5类的肿块样病灶,测量其定量灌注参数包括容量转移常数(Ktrans )、单位体积组织中血管体积(Vp )值。依据病理结果分为腺病组、乳腺癌组,将腺病组对侧腺体作为正常对照组。将腺病组和正常腺体组及腺病组和乳腺癌组 Ktrans 、Vp 值分别进行组间的两两秩和检验,绘制腺病组和乳腺癌组 Ktrans 值的受试者工作特征曲线(ROC),寻找最佳诊断界值并计算其敏感度、特异度。结果腺病组(n=21)的 Ktrans 、Vp 值分别为(0.289±0.163)min-1、(0.0428±0.045);乳腺癌组(n=33)的 Ktrans 、Vp 值分别为(0.959±0.451)min-1、0.057±0.079;正常腺体(n=21)的 Ktrans 、Vp 值分别为(0.048±0.022)min-1、0.016±0.019。腺病组与正常腺体组的 Ktrans 、Vp 值差异均有统计学意义(Z 值分别为-5.733、-2.844,P 值为0.000、0.004,P <0.05),乳腺癌与腺病组Ktrans 值差异有统计学意义(Z 值为-5.421,P 值为0.000,P<0.05),乳腺癌与腺病组 Vp 值差异无统计学意义(Z=-0.009,P =0.993,P >0.05)。Ktrans 值的 ROC 曲线下面积(AUC)为0.941,界值为0.304 min-1时,敏感度、特异度分别为93.9%、85.7%。结论定量DCE-MRI Ktrans 值作为辅助诊断的定量参数对鉴别乳腺肿块样腺病有较高的参考价值。