高频灰阶超声鉴别良恶性胸肌淋巴结

目的:评价灰阶超声在鉴别良、恶性胸肌淋巴结中的应用价值.材料和方法:研究对象为43枚乳癌患者的胸肌淋巴结,其中16枚为转移性胸肌淋巴结、27枚为非转移性胸肌淋巴结;另有19枚乳腺良性病变患者的胸肌淋巴结和22枚正常者的胸肌淋巴结作为对照组.使用仪器为HDI-3000型彩色多普勒超声诊断仪,配备5～12MHz宽频控头.运用超声测量胸肌淋巴结的长径、轮廓形态、长径-厚度比、髓皮质厚度比,作为鉴别良、恶性胸肌淋巴结的参数,比较良、恶性胸肌淋巴结在形态学上差异.结果:良、恶性胸肌淋巴结的长径、轮廓形态、髓皮质厚度比无显著性差异;恶性淋巴结长径-厚度比(1.7±0.4)明显低于良性淋巴结(2.0±0.5),P＜0.05.结论:灰阶超声在鉴别良、恶性胸肌淋巴结中具有一定的应用价值.     

利多卡因对N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸抑制大鼠肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤细胞增殖的影响

目的 观察利多卡因对 N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸(NMDA)抑制大鼠肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤细胞(PC12细胞)增殖的影响。方法 将体外培养的 PC12细胞分为6组，分别采用正常不含药液的培养基(C组)；含400μmol·L(-1)NMDA 的培养基(N组)；NMDA 分别混合10μmol·L~(-1)(L_1组)、10~2μmol·L~(-1)(L_2组)、10~3μmol·L~(-1)(L_3组)以及10~4μmol·L~(-1)(L_4组)利多卡因的培养基培养5d，应用流式细胞仪测定细胞 DNA 相对含量，解析细胞周期，计算 S 期细胞荧光强度占受测细胞总荧光强度的百分数为 S期分数(SPF)和 S 期与 G_2期细胞荧光强度之和与 M 期细胞荧光强度的比值[(S G_2)/M]。结果 与C 组比较，N、L_1组 SPF 和(S G_2)/M 均降低(P<0.05)，L_4组 SPF 降低(P<0.05)，而 L_2及 L_3组 SPF和(S G_2)/M 差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与 N 组比较，L_2、L_3及 L_4组 SPF 和(S G_2)/M 升高(P<0.05)，L_1组 SPF 升高(P<0.05)，而(S G_2)/M 差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 NMDA 可以通过抑制 PC12细胞 DNA 合成而影响细胞的增殖活性，利多卡因能拮抗 NMDA 对 PC12细胞增殖的抑制作用。     

人野生型parkin基因真核表达载体的构建及其在PC12细胞中的表达

目的 克隆人野生型parkin基因并构建真核表达载体pCDNA3．1—parkin，将重组质粒转染PC12细胞获得高表达人野生型parkin基因的PC12细胞克隆。方法 从胎脑组织中提取总RNA，用RT—PCR方法获得人野生型parkin基因的全长cDNA，插入pCR2．1—TA克隆载体中进行序列测定，测序正确后将其亚克隆至表达载体pCD—NA3．1，利用脂质体将重组质粒转染PC12细胞，经G418筛选获得抗性细胞克隆，采用RT—PCR和Western Blot方法鉴定人野生型parkin基因在PC12细胞中的过表达。结果 经限制性内切酶酶切图谱分析和DNA序列测定证实目的基因已插入重组质粒，RT—PCR和Western Blot证明经G418筛选得到的转基因PC12细胞克隆中存在人野生型parkin基因的表达。结论 成功构建了人野生型parkin基因的真核表达载体，获得了稳定表达人野生型parkin基因的PC12细胞克隆，为进一步研究parkin的生物学功能以及parkin在帕金森病发病机制中的作用奠定了良好的基础。     

Sleep complaints and their relation with drug treatment in patients suffering from Parkinson's disease.

The aim of this research was to quantify sleep problems in patients suffering from Parkinson's disease by means of the new Parkinson's Disease Sleep Scale (PDSS) and to correlate such problems with the possible influence of current drug treatment. A total of 70 patients (36 men and 34 women) with a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease were enrolled. Their mean age was 69.7 +/- 8.2 years, and duration of disease was 7.4 +/- 4.8 years. All patients completed the PDSS and the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS Parts I-IV). Drug consumption and doses were registered. The mean score on the PDSS scale was 109.23 +/- 19.75 and on the UPDRS III scale was 25.24 +/- 11.35. The lowest scores were obtained in Item 3 (sleep fragmentation): 5.53 (2.46); and in Item 8 (nocturia): 5.75 (2.91). There was a weak correlation between the PDSS and UPDRS III (cc = -0.355, P = 0.003), PDSS and UPDRS I (cc = -0.272, P = 0.02), and PDSS and UPDRS IV (cc = -0.416, P < 0.001). Motor conditions, mental state, and drug complications influence sleep quality. Although this effect was significant, it was not of a great magnitude. Dopaminergic drugs did not increase daytime sleepiness. As a whole, sleep quality in patients who took dopaminergic agonists did not differ from that of patients who took levodopa in monotherapy.     

青年男性MMPI-215F量表应答时间效应分析

目的分析青年男性心理测评中F量表条目应答时间,研究其相关影响因素和变化规律,并对该测评计算机化过程中应答时间的设定提供一定的参考.方法使用MMPI-215对全国18个省市的青年男性进行测试,利用计算机对时间记录,汇总分析.结果青年男性在F量表各条目平均应答时间（以下简称F均时）为4.57s;低于总测试的各条目平均应答时间（6.34 s）（P＜0.01）;F均时与F分数、应答前后不一致的条目数以及漏答条目数有显著相关;F均时受文化程度、年龄、城乡结构多种因素影响;每个条目的应答时间主要取决于条目汉字的个数.结论 F均时在测评中表现出一定的变化规律,可以结合临床进一步深入研究,使其成为评价青年男性性格特征的客观性指标之一.     

丙戊酸钠静脉滴注治疗偏头痛持续状态

目的评估丙戊酸钠治疗偏头痛持续状态的有效性和安全性。方法我们前瞻性地用静脉滴注丙戊酸钠来治疗偏头痛持续状态,然后比较患者治疗前与出院时视觉模拟评分(VAS)。并比较各种因素(一般情况,累计的丙戊酸钠剂量,合并用药)与治疗之间的关系。结果首次治疗中,26次(74.3%)治疗时患者VAS评分较治疗前减少50%或50%以上。所有治疗中,37次(82.2%)治疗使患者VAS评分较治疗前减少50%或50%以上。患者的性别与治疗反应无关。所有治疗中,合并用药(强痛定,索密通,散粒痛和达宁)和治疗时间与治疗反应呈负相关。仅3例(8.6%)出现短暂性眩晕。结论丙戊酸钠静滴是快速,有效和安全的止痛治疗。它对偏头痛持续状态有效。     

中药混乱品种鉴别研究——7. 蕲蛇及其混淆品鉴别之二

作者前已报道蕲蛇及其伪品滑鼠蛇的鉴别,又据报道有些省发现蕲蛇商品药材中混有烙铁头、山烙铁头两种蛇的干燥体。作者对这两种混淆品与蕲蛇在体表花纹、鳞片以及骨骼的形态与组织特征等方面进行了鉴别研究。     

Diagnosing the personality organization of drug abusers by rating ego balance

A community-based case-finding sample of 1824 narcotic abusers in Stockholm County was used to standardize a set of rating scales in order to reflect levels of personality organization (PO), in the spirit of Kernberg's theory. PO is assumed to be a function of the ego's capacity to endure inner and outer stress, which manifests itself in the frequency and depth of regressions and the rate of recovery from them. The principles of a method, Rating Ego Balance, for charting the person's characteristic pattern of regression are presented, and its psychometric properties are described on the basis of item response theory. The scales have satisfactory reliabilities and maximal discrimination at subneurotic levels of PO. They show strong construct validity in relation to Kernberg's theory.     

A hole in the T cell repertoire specific for a pigeon cytochrome c related peptide associated with amino acid substitutions on I-Ab molecules.

When C57BL/10(B10) mice were immunized with a pigeon cytochrome c related peptide, 50V (AEGFSYTVANKNKGIT), two helper T cell populations with different specificity were activated. A major T cell population reacted with a 50V analog, 50V54A (AEGFSYTVANKAKGIT), more potently than with the immunogen, 50V, in a heteroclitic fashion, whereas the other minor T cell population responded only to 50V. By contrast, when bm12 mice were immunized with 50V, the minor T cell population responding only to 50V could hardly be demonstrated. The apparent deletion of the minor T cell population in bm12 mice seems to be attributable to negative selection under the influence of I-Abm12 molecules, since the minor T cell population was undetectable in both I-Ab and I-Abm12 restricted T cells from (B10 x bm12)F1 mice. Thus, three mutant points on the I-A molecule in bm12 mice appear to be involved in the seemingly negative selection of the certain T cell repertoire. The present finding demonstrates that a T cell repertoire generated under the influence of a MHC product (Ab) on one parental strain is eliminated by a different MHC product (Abm12) on the other parental strain of F1 cross. The mechanism underlying the apparent negative selection is discussed.     

A blinded,controlled evaluation of anxiety and depressive symptoms in patients with fibromyalgia,as measured by standardized psychometric interview scales

The objective of the study was to evaluate the presence of psychopathology in fibromyalgia patients compared with a control group of other rheumatologic patients with pain. Forty-nine fibromyalgia patients and 33 control patients were interviewed blinded, using standardized psychometric scales. Pain was scored on a visual analogue scale. Fibromyalgia patients scored significantly higher than the controls on the Bech-Rafaelsen Melancholia Scale, the Atypical Depression Scale and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale. On the Newcastle Depression Scale there was no difference. In both groups a correlation was found between pain score and psychometric scoring. The fibromyalgia patients scored significantly higher on pain than the controls. After correcting for this difference, the fibromyalgia patients still scored higher on anxiety and depression.