Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Seropositivity among Healthcare Personnel in Hospitals and Nursing Homes,Rhode Island,USA, July–August 2020

Healthcare personnel are recognized to be at higher risk for infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. We conducted a serologic survey in 15 hospitals and 56 nursing homes across Rhode Island, USA, during July 17–August 28, 2020. Overall seropositivity among 9,863 healthcare personnel was 4.6% (95% CI 4.2%–5.0%) but varied 4-fold between hospital personnel (3.1%, 95% CI 2.7%–3.5%) and nursing home personnel (13.1%, 95% CI 11.5%–14.9%). Within nursing homes, prevalence was highest among personnel working in coronavirus disease units (24.1%; 95% CI 20.6%–27.8%). Adjusted analysis showed that in hospitals, nurses and receptionists/medical assistants had a higher likelihood of seropositivity than physicians. In nursing homes, nursing assistants and social workers/case managers had higher likelihoods of seropositivity than occupational/physical/speech therapists. Nursing home personnel in all occupations had elevated seropositivity compared with hospital counterparts. Additional mitigation strategies are needed to protect nursing home personnel from infection, regardless of occupation.     

Novel SARS-CoV-2 Variant in Travelers from Brazil to Japan

Multiple severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants with higher transmission potential have been emerging globally, including SARS-CoV-2 variants from the United Kingdom and South Africa. We report 4 travelers from Brazil to Japan in January 2021 infected with a novel SARS-CoV-2 variant with an additional set of mutations.     

SARS-CoV-2对生育的影响

近年严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2,SARS-CoV-2）大流行对人类健康造成了威胁。研究表明,SARS-CoV-2对人类生育能力有潜在影响,对男性生育力的影响远大于女性。目前研究表明接种疫苗可能不会对人类的生育能力存在不利影响。感染SARS-CoV-2会不会发生性传播、垂直传播及母婴传播,从而对下一代产生影响,目前暂不清楚。尚需要从生殖医学科、传染病学科角度探讨SARS-CoV-2及其疫苗对生育的影响,并讨论可能存在的性传播、垂直传播和母婴传播,以提高对SARS-CoV-2及其疫苗的认识。     

Positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR of a nasal swab spot after 30 days of conservation on filter paper at room temperature

We tested the use of nasal swabs spotted onto filter paper (Whatman 3M) for the molecular diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Spots of a positive nasal swab in conservation medium (B.1.177 strain, 21Ct) were still positive (duo E-gene/IP4) after 10, 20, and 30 days of conservation at room temperature, with Ct values of 28, 27, and 26, respectively. Direct spotting of the swab at bedside (omicron strain) still gave a positive result after 10 days in two RT-qPCR systems: 33.7 Ct using duo E-gene/IP4, and 34.8 using a specific Omicron system. Spotting of a dilution range of media spiked with the Delta (strain 2021/FR/0610, lineage B 1.617.2) and Omicron strains (strain UVE/SARS-CoV-2/2021/FR/1514) showed a threshold of 0.04 TCID₅₀ after 10 days of conservation. We show, for the first time, that this simple and low-cost conservation method can be used to store samples for RT-qPCR against SARS-CoV-2 for up to at least 1 month.     

SARS治疗中激素的应用

综述了激素治疗SARS的时机、剂量、疗程、不良反应和禁忌症。     

SARS心理特征及心理干预对策与中医治疗探讨

通过临床观察传染性非典型肺炎引发的心理问题，包括恐惧非典综合征36例、一线医务人员26例及非典患者22例，系统地归纳了不同的心理特点及表现形式，并以国际流行的心理治疗法——认知行为疗法为基础，提出具体心理干预策略及中医辨证方法。通过进行心理支持及多种灵活的心理治疗干预，以及中医个体化辨证施治，促使患者摆脱了心理危机，很快得到康复。     

从中医对热病的认识看SARS患者治疗之得失

通过观察SARS恢复期的各种临床表现，结合中医对外感热病的认识，提出SARS患者疾病早期要宣散清透，喘脱期仍要注意疏利，恢复期不可一味补益，要注意调畅气机。     

抗击SARS——中医中药呼唤真心结合

通过介绍SARS疾病的有关知识，散点分析了中医药防治SARS的主要优势和存在的一些问题。为了更好地发挥中医药防治SARS的独特优势和效果，建议中医处方谴药时应重视医与药结合，传统与现代结合，既要注重中药传统药性，又要掌握和吸收中药现代研究成果。直接攸关临床疗效的药材品种，质量，药效物质，作用机制，用法制法，有效剂量等药学问题不容忽视。只有这样，中医药方药才能用之凿凿，药效赶超前人，比肩西药。     

预防非典型肺炎方剂对小鼠外周血液淋巴细胞 DNA损伤的影响

目的　研究预防非典型肺炎方剂对小鼠外周血液淋巴细胞 DNA的损伤作用。方法　应用单细胞凝胶电泳方法测定 6个预防非典型肺炎方剂体内给药对小鼠外周血液淋巴细胞 DNA损伤的作用。结果　ig给予预防非典型肺炎方剂 、 、 (1/ 3临床等效剂量、临床等效剂量、3倍临床等效剂量× 3 d)对小鼠外周血液淋巴细胞 DNA有明显的损伤作用 ,并呈剂量依赖关系。预防非典型肺炎方剂 、 、 (1/ 3临床等效剂量、临床等效剂量、3倍临床等效剂量× 3 d)对小鼠外周血液淋巴细胞 DNA没有明显的损伤作用。结论　预防非典型肺炎方剂 、 、 具有潜在的遗传毒性     

防治SARS中药的筛选

SARS在世界范围内流行 ,在紧急阶段 ,由于临床处治方案颇有争议 ,迅速的筛选出有效的中成药供临床急用尤为重要和迫切。利用 9个药理筛选模型交叉验证的方法 ,综合评价了 30个中成药的有效性。 19个药物作为有效的药物筛选出来 ,其中 8个最有效作为控制SARS不同阶段症状的药物由全国防治非典指挥部科技攻关组在 2003年5月22日对全国进行发布。本文就筛选的策略 ,顶层设计和主要研究思路做一介绍 ,具体试验结果将陆续发表。