先天性巨结肠27例分析

目的 探讨先天性巨结肠的临床及钡灌肠表现。方法 回顾我院小儿外科近3年来经手术治疗的先天性巨结肠27例，并对其临床及钡灌肠表现进行分析。结果 具有典型X线表现的20例，不典型表现的7例，本组分型：超短型2例，短段型5例，中段型15例，长段型5例。结论 钡灌肠仍是先天性巨结肠的主要诊断方法，对不典型表现的患儿要密切结合临床，并注意24—48h复查。     

全口义齿固位及稳定影响因素探讨

目的探讨提高全口义齿固位及稳定的方法。方法通过对患者在试戴及应用全口义齿出现的固位稳定不良现象进行检查分析,寻找出相应的改进方法。结果全口义齿固位不良主要原因是未建立平衡,其次是制作误差及口腔解剖条件差。结论提高全口义齿固位稳定性的有效方法是确保全口义齿良好的咬合关系,提高操作精确度,以弥补口腔条件差的缺陷。     

喘息平保留灌肠液定喘的临床和实验研究

本文介绍了根据著名中西医结合专家经验方制成的喘息平灌肠液治疗小儿哮喘104例，并设654－2保留灌肠45例作为对照，结果显示：治疗组无论在起效时间、哮鸣音消失时间、药效持续时间和显效、有效率等方面均明显优于对照组，P＜0．01。临床研究表明，喘息平灌肠液对寒饮停肺、痰热壅肺、外寒肺热三种不同类型的哮喘均显示出较好疗效，P＞0．05，可以不受证类限制。实验研究表明，喘息平灌肠液具有明显的镇咳祛痰和解痉平喘作用，安全无毒。     

中西医结合治疗活动期溃疡性结肠炎42例疗效观察

目的:观察中西医结合治疗活动期溃疡性结肠炎(UC)的临床疗效。方法:将72例活动期UC患者随机分为2组。治疗组42例,用溃结合剂(处方:白头翁、败酱草、地榆、苦参、白及、白芍、木香)加柳氮磺胺吡啶保留灌肠治疗;对照组30例,单纯用柳氮磺胺吡啶保留灌肠治疗。2组均以2周为1疗程,连续治疗2疗程后观察疗效。结果:近期治愈率治疗组73.81％,对照组36.67％;总有效率治疗组95.24％,对照组80.00％。2组近期治愈率及总有效率比较,差异均有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论:中西医结合保留灌肠治疗活动期UC较单纯西医治疗疗效好。     

结肠脂肪瘤临床影像学分析

目的探讨结肠脂肪瘤的临床影像学诊断要点。方法对12例结肠脂肪瘤的临床、手术、病理及影像学资料进行分析。结果钡剂灌肠肿瘤呈圆形或椭圆形块影，密度低，表面黏膜无破坏。压迫或结肠收缩可见其形态改变。CT扫描为形态规则的圆形或椭圆形低密度肿块影，CT值-80--120Hu，增强扫描无强化，合并肠套叠多见。结论结肠脂肪瘤为良性肿瘤，影像学上应注意与结肠腺瘤、平滑肌瘤及结肠癌鉴别。     

中药内外合治溃疡性结肠炎62例临床观察

[目的]观察中药内服配合灌肠治疗慢性溃疡性结肠炎的疗效。[方法]内服自拟健脾补肾汤配合清热燥湿解毒中药保留灌肠。[结果]62例中痊愈28例,占45·16%;好转27例,占43·55%;无效7例,占11·29%。总有效率为88·71%。[结论]中药内服配合灌肠治疗慢性溃疡性结肠炎的疗效确切,能加速溃疡面愈合并可促进和调整机体的免疫功能。     

Observations on the therapeutic effect of acupuncture plus tuina on retention of urine

将118例尿潴留患者随机分为2组,即针灸推拿治疗组和药物注射治疗组分别进行治疗观察.结果2组疗效有显著差异.并对2组治疗效果、治疗次数、疗效影响等比较分析,提示针灸推拿组显效率明显优于药物注射组.反映针灸配合推拿治疗尿潴留是临床一种较好的治疗方法.     

自制膀胱功能康复训练器对留置导尿患者拔管效果的影响

目的:探讨自制膀胱功能康复训练器对留置导尿患者拔管效果的影响。方法:120例留置导尿患者随机分为实验组和对照组,每组60例患者。对照组患者采用留置导尿护理常规定时夹闭引流导管的方法,实验组使用自行研发的膀胱功能康复训练器训练膀胱的功能。观察两组患者的拔管成功率和护理工作量。结果:实验组患者的拔管成功率为98.3%,明显高于对照组(P<0.01);实验组的护理工作量明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:自制膀胱功能训练器能有效提高拔管成功率,减轻患者痛苦,减少护理人员的工作量。     

Challenges and Potential Solutions for Recruitment and Retention of Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Physicians: The National Marrow Donor Program’s System Capacity Initiative Physician Workforce Group Report

Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) remains the only known curative therapy for many patients with hematologic, metabolic, and immunologic disorders. Furthermore, the use of HCT has increased with the emergence of HCT as a viable therapeutic option for older patients, those with significant comorbidities, and, with the demonstrated clinical effectiveness of alternative allogeneic donor sources, for those patients without a suitable sibling donor. The National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP) estimates that by 2020, it will facilitate 10,000 transplantations per year, double the number in 2010. To understand the needs of the HCT infrastructure to facilitate this number of transplantations, the NMDP organized the System Capacity Initiative 2020, centered on 6 working groups representing a diverse group of stakeholders. The Physician Workforce Group was tasked with addressing issues relating to recruitment and retention of transplantation physicians. We report here the results of our efforts and future initiatives.     

Retention in medication-assisted treatment programs in Ukraine—Identifying factors contributing to a continuing HIV epidemic

BackgroundOpioid agonist treatments (OAT) are widely-used, evidence-based strategies for treating opioid dependence and reducing HIV transmission. The positive benefits of OAT are strongly correlated with time spent in treatment, making retention a key indicator for program quality. This study assessed patient retention and associated factors in Ukraine, where OAT was first introduced in 2004.MethodsData from clinical records of 2916 patients enrolled in OAT at thirteen sites from 2005 to 2012 were entered into an electronic monitoring system. Survival analysis methods were used to determine the probability of retention and its correlates.ResultsTwelve-month retention was 65.8%, improving from 27.7% in 2005, to 70.9% in 2011. In multivariable analyses, the correlates of retention were receiving medium and high doses of medication (compared to low doses, dropout aHR = 0.57 for both medium and high doses), having not been tested for HIV and tuberculosis (compared to not being tested, dropout aHR = 4.44 and 3.34, respectively), and among those who were tested—a negative TB test result (compared to receiving a positive test result, dropout aHR = 0.67).ConclusionRetention in Ukrainian OAT programs, especially in recent years, is comparable to other countries. The results confirm the importance of adequate OAT dosing (≥60 mg of methadone, ≥8 mg of buprenorphine). Higher dosing, however, will require interventions that address negative attitudes toward OAT by patients and providers. Interruption of OAT, in the case developing tuberculosis, should incorporate continuity of OAT for TB patients through integrated care delivery systems.