济南市社区居民膳食营养状况研究

目的探讨城市社区居民膳食营养状况及存在的营养问题。方法采用食物频率问卷和24h回顾的膳食调查方法进行调查。结果平均每人每日摄取食物为1262±95g,其中食用油脂、豆类、动物性食物摄取量超过中国居民膳食指南建议数值,蔬菜、水果、奶类摄入偏低;男性水果、奶类、鱼虾类食物的摄取量低于女性。谷类、蔬菜、酒类的摄取量高于女性,干部组男性日平均摄入酒类125g;退休组人均热能摄入偏高,占RDA的116．0％,工人组则占RDA的82．6％;维生素A、B     

重庆市高等级公路交通事故回顾性调查

目的 旨在通过对重庆市高等级公路交通事故的回故性调查,分析重庆市高等级公路交通事故的发生特点及规律。方法 调查重庆市２１０高等级公路交通管理大队自１９９５年至１９９７年间一般事故以上的道路交通事故。结果 其间共性生产道路事故８４３起,人员伤亡事故２０９起,事故数逐年增加;其中重大事故４９起、一般事故７９４志,共造成３１４人伤亡,其中死亡４７人,重伤１４９人和轻伤１１８人;在人员重伤和死亡中大多数为     

玉溪市黄草坝肺吸虫人群流行病学调查

本文报道了对玉溪市黄草坝(洁寨新寨、马吐龙)肺吸虫人群流行病学的调查给果:3个社队共有人口977人,接受皮试者691人,占调查者的70.73％。应试阳性51人(51/691),阳性率为7.38％。阳性者经检查未发现肺吸虫病或疑拟病例,提示该区无本病流行。     

Creative versus repetitive dance therapies to reduce the impact of fibromyalgia and pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background and purposePhysical exercise is one of the most effective interventions to reduce fibromyalgia symptoms. Previous studies have reported benefits of dance-based intervention on the fibromyalgia impact, health-related quality of life and pain, regardless the interventions were based on creative- or repetitive dance. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of creative and repetitive dance interventions.MethodsPRISMA guidelines were followed in this systematic review. The Cochrane Library, PubMed, Trip, Google Scholar, Web of Science (WOS), Embase and Scopus databases were selected to identify potential articles. Studies were included if they met the following inclusion criteria: to be a clinical trial or a randomized controlled trial, include people with fibromyalgia, have a comparison group and evaluate the impact of the disease, pain or quality of life. Fifteen articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool.ResultsDance-based interventions significantly reduced fibromyalgia impact (standardized mean difference = −0.69), pain (standardized mean difference = −0.70 and increased quality of life (standardized mean difference = 0.43) of people with fibromyalgia. The effectiveness of dance interventions is increased when a creative component is added, since it can lead to higher improvements in pain, impact of the disease and improving quality of life.ConclusionDance-based interventions are significantly effective in reducing the impact of fibromyalgia, pain as well as increasing health-related quality of life. Subgroup analyses suggest that creative dance-based interventions could be more effective than repetitive dance-based interventions to reduce pain and fibromyalgia impact. However, results must be taken with caution due to the large heterogeneity and the small number of articles.     

Prospective feasibility study of a mindfulness-based program for breast cancer patients in the southeastern US

BackgroundMindfulness interventions can improve psychological distress and quality of life (QoL) in cancer survivors. Few mindfulness programs for cancer recovery exist in Southeastern U.S. The primary objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of a modified mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) program for breast cancer patients in Birmingham, Alabama. The secondary objective was to explore potential program effects on mindfulness skills and QoL.MethodsThis study was a prospective, quasi-experimental feasibility study conducted over 10 months at a university hospital. Feasibility was achieved if 80% of eligible patients screened enrolled in the study and 70% of enrolled patients attended all 8 program sessions. Effectiveness was estimated by changes in mindfulness and QoL indicators measured with validated scales administered at 3 time points and assessed with a non-parametric Friedman test. Sessions included meditation, yoga, and an attention practice called body scan. There were 3 groups of 2–5 patients.ResultsThe sample totaled 12 patients. Forty-four percent (12/27) of eligible patients enrolled in the study, and two out of 12 enrolled patients completed 8 program sessions, resulting in 16.7% (2/12) retention. However, more than half (66.7%) of participants completed at least 7 sessions. Between baseline and 8-week follow-up, patients demonstrated statistically significant improvements in distress, general wellbeing, and fatigue-related QoL.ConclusionsFeasibility objectives were not achieved. However, a majority of participants (66.7%) completed 7 of 8 program sessions. Program effects were promising for distress, fatigue, and wellbeing. Results warrant further research on MBSR-like programs for breast cancer patients in Alabama.     

湖北麻城农村妇女自杀情况的流行病学调查分析

选择湖北麻城市属５个乡８４个村为调查单位,共调查１９９２～１９９４年女性自杀死亡病例１９９例（调查率９１７０％）．经对获取资料进行的流行病学分析,结果提示：１９９２～１９９４年麻城妇女自杀死亡率分别是６４４９／１０万、８５．００／１０万和７８．１４／１０万;其中,２０～２９岁,３０～３９岁以及６０～６９岁为死亡人数高峰组;自杀方式以服毒者居多。     

Factor analysis of the psychosocial items of the EORTC QLQ-C30 in metastatic breast cancer patients participating in a psychosocial intervention study

The underlying factor structure of a subset of 12 items, which comprise the psychosocial subscales of the EORTC QLQ-C30 was explored in a group of women, all with metastatic breast cancer who were participating in a psychosocial intervention study. Two main factors were identified in this exploratory factor analysis, representing emotional distress and functional ability dimensions. A preliminary assessment of the external validity of the two factor structure was undertaken. The results support the validity of a summative emotional distress and functional ability score in this sample of patients. The functional ability score discriminated well for subgroups defined by clinical status indicators (e.g., performance status, pain, chemotherapy treatment, fatigue). The emotional distress subscale discriminated with respect to suffering, fatigue and sleep disturbance. Both subscales converged with related concepts measured by independent instruments, providing support for convergent validity. Summative index scores may be advantageous for application in particular research situations; applying quality adjustments in health policy analyses; for screening purposes; to monitor populations and make comparisons across broad groups and as stratification variables in clinical trials. Further research to confirm the 2 factor structure is required in other samples before the interpretation can be accepted with confidence.     

Evaluation of patient's Health-Related Quality of Life using a modified and shortened version of the Living With Asthma Questionnaire (ms-LWAQ) and the medical outcomes study, Short-Form 36 (SF-36)

Objective: The specific objectives of this study were to: 1) study the effect of moderate-to-severe asthma on patient's Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) as measured by the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) and 2) evaluate the construct validity of a modified and shortened version of the Living With Asthma Questionnaire (ms-LWAQ) using the SF-36 as a concomitant measure of HRQoL. Methods: Cross-sectional, telephone or mail surveys of asthmatic patients enrolled in two central Florida managed care organizations. Results: All subscales of the SF-36 and four subscales of the ms-LWAQ demonstrated adequate reliability in this population (Cronbach >0.72). The subscales of the SF-36 most affected by patient's asthma were: general health perceptions, vitality and physical role functioning. These three subscales were correlated with four subscales of the ms-LWAQ: consequences, seriousness, affect and leisure. Six of the eight SF-36 subscales and all of the ms-LWAQ subscales were associated with patient's emergency department and hospital utilization. Conclusion: The ms-LWAQ and SF-36 are valid as useful measures of asthma patient's HRQoL in this cross-sectional study. Severity of disease, as measured by health care utilization, was significantly associated with HRQoL.     

24例卵巢交界上皮性肿瘤的临床及病理分析

目的 :探讨卵巢交界上皮性肿瘤的临床及病理特征。方法 :对 1 975年至 1 998年天津市南开医院及天津市二中心收治的 2 4例卵巢交界性上皮肿瘤的病理学改变、临床分期及手术范围对预后的影响进行分析。结果 :在 2 4例卵巢交界性上皮性肿瘤中浆液性 8例 ,粘液性 1 5例 ,混合性 1例 ,在本组 1 4例 I期患者中 ,保留生育功能占 64.3%。 期 5例 ,均行全子宫加双附件切除术 , 、 期全部给予腹腔及静脉化疗。术后随访复发率 1 6.6%。结论 :手术是交界性上皮肿瘤的主要治疗方式。 I期患者可采用单纯保守性手术 ,对 期以上患者应力求手术干净。而预后与术式及化疗关系不密切 ,但与期别及术后有无肿瘤的残留有关     

性病门诊病人性行为调查

了解性病门诊病人性行为的情况,采用不记名问卷、选择回答问题的调查方法,对101例就诊者进行性行为调查,结果表明,在就诊者中均有较多的婚前性行为(70%)和较多的婚外性行为(52.84%).性伴为1人的仅为18例(17.82%),大多为2人及以上,性伴较复杂,曾与各类服务员、暗娼发生性行为的有51例(50.50%),且多数人在发生性行为时不用避孕套.因此,存在着感染性病、艾滋病的危险性.