TAD方案治疗急性非淋巴细胞白血病疗效的评价

采用 TAD 方案治疗急性非淋巴细胞性白血病(ANLL)12例,年龄17～47岁。总有效率为66.7%,完全缓解率(CR)为41.7%。5例获 CR 的时间是26～66天,平均53天,较国内其它方案为快。CR 时间为2～9月,平均6.2月,较其它方案又较短。TAD 方案对心脏的毒性作用轻微。TAD 方案对5例获 CR 者,于诱导治疗第一疗程后,除1例外,骨髓中白血病细胞百分比下降均不明显;但于第二疗程后,白血病细胞全部减少到骨髓有核细胞总数的20%/以下,这种现象似可作为本方案预后的观察指标。     

肤纹识别白马藏人的族属

白马藏人是一支有待识别的民族。本文以肤纹作聚类分析,结果表明白马藏人与藏族的距离很大,很有可能是一支独立的民族。     

阑尾炎单病种患者的费用分析

目的：分析实行医保单病种后医保病人与非医保病人阑尾炎治疗的费用差距，提出对医保进一步改革的思索。方法：用Excel 2003建数据表，对我院2005年2月至2006年8月期间收治的单病种收费阑尾炎患者和非单病种收费患者的费用和并发症进行分析并进行统计学处理。结果：阑尾炎治疗并发症发生率及痊愈率在两组间无显著性差异，费用比较两组间差异显著。结论：目前的单病种收费标准基本可以满足临床治疗阑尾炎的需要，同时在实行单病种收费后可以节约大量医疗费用。如进一步扩大单病种范围，用经济手段调动医院的自律机制，医疗费用有进一步下降的空间。     

In vivo anti-melanoma activities of the Melan-A/MART-1101–115 T CD4+ cell peptide

Malignant melanoma causes significant health problems. The identification of tumour-associated antigens has led to novel approaches to increase T cell mediated anti-tumour immune response. Melan-A/MART-1 has been use as target antigen for several T cell based immunotherapeutic treatments. More recently, the critical role of CD4+ T cells in inducing and maintaining anti-tumour immunity has been increasingly recognized. In order to optimize tumour immunotherapy, greater efforts have been concentrated on the identification of tumour antigens presented by MHC class II molecules to CD4+ T cells. In a publication, Tiwari et al. (2004) [1] have identified by a computational approach the 15-mer amino-acid sequence 101–115 (PPAYEKLSAEQSPPP) of the Melan-A/MART-1 as a good target for a vigorous and safe immunotherapy. Therefore, we have investigated the in vivo anti-tumour activity of this peptide in a murine melanoma model. For the prophylactic treatment, 20 μg or 50 μg peptide was subcutaneously injected in mice once a week during 3 weeks before tumour induction. Treatment with 50 μg peptide significantly affected tumour development. Thus, our preliminary data demonstrate potential in vivo prophylactic activity of the 101–115 peptide-based vaccine to control melanoma growth.     

克拉霉素缓释胶囊人体相对生物利用度研究

 目的建立人血浆中克拉霉素浓度测定的LC-MS/MS方法,研究克拉霉素缓释胶囊与市售克拉霉素缓释片的药动学及人体相对生物利用度。方法以罗红霉素为内标,用乙醚-二氯甲烷(3∶2)提取处理,以甲醇-水-甲酸(80∶20∶0.05)为流动相,用C18柱分离,采用ESI源,正离子方式检测,扫描方式为多反应监测(MRM)。结果克拉霉素线性范围为10.0～4000μg·L^-1,日内、日间RSD均小于15%。应用此方法研究18名健康受试者口服0.5g受试制剂和参比制剂的药动学参数。单剂量口服受试制剂和参比制剂的t_max,ρ_max,t_1/2,AUC_0-t,AUC_0-∞,CL和Vd分别为:(5.36±1.14)和(5.25±0.88)h,(1218±433)和(1333±370)μg·L^-1,(4.59±1.67)和(4.24±2.10)h,(8239±1553)和(8467±1364)μg·h·L^-1,(8662±1829)和(8795±1331)μg·h·L^-1,(60.9±15.1)和(58.9±11.3)L·h^-1和(382±103)和(366±224)L。多剂量口服受试制剂和参比制剂的t_max,ρ_ssmax,ρ_ssmin,ρ_av,AUC_ss和DF分别为:(5.31±1.11)和(5.28±0.96)h,(1387±396)和(1488±401)μg·L^-1,(64.6±26.8)和(70.1±30.0)μg·L^-1,(399±99.2)和(410±107)μg·L^-1,(9585±2382)和(9830±2578)μg·h·L^-1,(3.32±0.62)和(3.49±0.66)。单剂量和多剂量相对生物利用度分别为(98.2±16.3)%和(99.5±19.0)%。结论本法快速、准确、专属、灵敏。统计结果表明,两制剂人体内相对生物利用度无显著性差异(P>0.05)。     

膝关节镜手术并发症临床分析

1997年1月～2005年12月，我院对324例膝关节疾病患者行关节镜手术治疗，其中23例出现各种并发症。笔者总结分析其产生原因并提出防治措施。     

有限切开固定治疗复杂胫骨平台骨折

目的探讨采用有限切开固定治疗复杂胫骨平台骨折的临床效果。方法采用间接复位有限切开固定治疗复杂胫骨平台骨折37例,SchatzkerⅣ型骨折采用前内侧小切口,T型钢板固定,SchatzkerⅤ、Ⅵ型骨折采用前外侧小切口联合后内侧切口,后内侧用1/3管型钢板固定支撑,外侧以高尔夫棒型钢板固定。结果随访6-30个月,37例均于12周内骨折愈合。所有患者均恢复了患肢的正常力线及患膝的骨性稳定。采用Sanders膝关节评分法评估疗效：优13例,良20例,可4例。结论有限切开固定治疗复杂胫骨平台骨折是一种安全有效的生物学固定方法,创伤小,骨折愈合快,可早期功能锻炼,膝关节功能恢复满意。     

介入治疗在颌面部病变中的应用

目的探讨介入治疗在颌面部病变中的应用。方法对44例良、恶性肿瘤和出血病变进行造影和治疗,43例常规进行双侧颈外动脉造影,必要时进行颈内动脉或椎动脉造影。41例进行了治疗,1例因主动脉纡曲而在弓下灌药,2例因其他原因未予栓塞。结果治疗后的患者临床症状均有不同程度的好转或彻底治愈,未出现严重并发症,栓塞后手术的患者术中出血明显减少。结论介入治疗对颌面部病变是一种有效的方法。     

Dissociation of Depletional Induction and Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disease in Kidney Recipients Treated With Alemtuzumab

Transplant patients are at the risk for posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD), a virally-driven malignancy. Induction with the depleting antibody preparations Thymoglobulin and OKT3 is associated with PTLD suggesting that the T-cell depletion increases PTLD risk. We therefore studied 59 560 kidney recipients from the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network/United Network for Organ Sharing (OPTN/UNOS) database for a relationship between induction agent use and PTLD. Two agents with comparable T-cell depletional effects, alemtuzumab and Thymoglobulin, were compared to nondepletional induction agents or no induction. The overall incidence of PTLD was 0.46% and differed significantly by induction strategy (p < 0.01): without induction (0.43%), basiliximab (0.38%), daclizumab (0.33%), Thymoglobulin (0.67%) and alemtuzumab (0.37%). Thymoglobulin was associated with significantly increased PTLD risk (p = 0.0025), but alemtuzumab (p = 0.74), basiliximab (p = 0.33) and daclizumab, which trended toward a protective effect (p = 0.06), were not. Alemtuzumab and Thymoglobulin treated patients did not differ in any established parameter affecting PTLD risk although alemtuzumab is known to have a more pronounced B-cell depleting effect. Interestingly, maintenance therapy with an mTOR inhibitor was strongly associated with PTLD (0.71%, p < 0.0001). Thus, depletional induction is not an independent risk factor for PTLD. Rather, maintenance drug selection or perhaps the balance between B- and T-cell depletion may be more relevant determinants of PTLD risk.