Ethanol- and acetaldehyde-metabolizing system of rat liver during development of tolerance to ethanol

Institute of Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Belorussian SSR, Grodno. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR A. V. Val'dman.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 109, No. 2, pp. 161–162, February, 1990.     

中药丹参类的质量研究

分别测定了17种鼠尾草属植物(包括变种、变型)根中脂溶性成分总丹参酮和丹参酮Ⅱ_A、次甲丹参醌,丹参酮Ⅰ、丹参酸甲酯、隐丹参酮、二氢丹参酮Ⅰ、紫丹参甲素、丹参酮Ⅱ_B等8种丹参酮的含量,以及水溶性总酚和原儿茶醛、原儿茶酸的含量,对各种丹参进行质量比较和评价。     

Alcohol hangover and Liv.52

Summary Ethanol and acetaldehyde levels in blood and urine have been evaluated in 9 volunteers following administration of Liv.52 and placebo on the evening of the study and on the following morning. On the following morning the volunteers scored their symptoms and completed visual analogue scales. Single dose and multiple dose studies were done.Liv.52 produced a considerable reduction in blood and urine levels of ethanol and acetaldehyde after 12 h. It is possible that Liv.52 prevents the binding of acetaldehyde, bringing about higher initial blood levels followed by rapid elimination. It reduced the hangover symptoms.     

邻苯二甲醛消毒剂性能的试验观察

为研究邻苯二甲醛消毒剂的杀菌效果及其有关性能,采用载体定量杀菌试验、模拟现场试验及金属腐蚀性试验进行了观察。结果,以邻苯二甲醛4 800 mg/L水溶液作用1min,对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌平均杀灭率为99.90％以上;以含5 969 mg/L邻苯二甲醛对白色念珠菌作用1min,平均杀灭率达99.90％以上,对枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢作用70 min和120 min,平均杀灭率分别为99.94％和100％。以含5 969 mg/L邻苯二甲醛作用10 min,可有效破坏不锈钢载体上 HBsAg抗原性。有机物对邻苯二甲醛杀菌效果有一定影响。含5 969mg/L邻苯二甲醛消毒液对不锈钢、碳钢、铜、铝浸泡72 h,除对铜有中度腐蚀之外,对其他金属均基本无腐蚀;将其贮存于54℃ 14d,邻苯二甲醛含量下降率为4.98％。该消毒剂对细菌繁殖体、酵母菌和细菌芽孢均有良好的杀灭效果,且性能稳定,腐蚀性小。     

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 polymorphism as a protective factor for intracranial vascular stenosis in ischemic stroke in Han Chinese

Aim: Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is a key enzyme that metabolizes acetaldehyde to acetic acid. ALDH2 gene polymorphism modifies its activity and the mutation of ALDH2 gene has been reported to be associated with the protection against ischemic stroke. However, the potential association of allelic variation of ALDH2 with intracranial vascular stenosis and the clinical characteristics of ischemic stroke without coronary artery disease remains unclear. Methods: In this study, ischemic stroke patients were recruited, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores were analyzed, intracranial arterial stenosis were evaluated by magnetic resonance angiography and gene typing of ALDH2 was determined by polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. Results: We found that the rate of heavy drinking was significantly lower in the ALDH2 mutation group (^*1/^*2 and ^*2/^*2) than in wild-type group (^*1/^*1) (18.6% vs. 38.0%, p = 0.01). Plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels were significantly different in the two groups (15.45 ± 6.39 vs. 13.14 ± 4.45, p = 0.015). The ALDH2 mutation genotype was negatively correlated with severe intracranial vascular stenosis (OR, 0.34; p = 0.002), even after adjustment for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, Hcy, and heavy drinking (adjusted OR, 0.44; p = 0.03). Conclusion: ALDH2^*2 could be a protective factor and negative predictor for severe intracranial vascular stenosis in ischemic stroke in Han Chinese.     

富硒大米抗氧化作用的研究

目的探讨富硒稻米对小鼠的抗氧化作用的影响,为富硒稻米应用于人群食用提供有实验依据。方法选用纯种小鼠60只,随机分为阴性对照组、亚硒酸钠处理组、富硒稻米(低、中、高)5个组,分别给予普通大米,亚硒酸钠和富硒稻米喂养45天,测定其肝脏中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD),谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的活性和脂质过氧化产物(MDA)的含量。结果富硒稻米组与阴性对照组比较,提高SOD和GSH-Px的活性,降低MDA含量有明显差异(P<0.05)。富硒稻米组与亚硒酸钠组比较,GSH-Px的活性存在明显差异,而SOD活性以及MDA含量方面无明显差异。富硒稻米组随着硒剂量的增加,SOD和GSH-Px的活性明显提高,MDA含量降低明显。结论富硒稻米具有促进机体抗氧化酶SOD、GSH-Px活性,降低脂质过氧化物(MDA)的功能。     

RP-HPLC法测定心宁片中丹参素和原儿茶醛的含量

目的 建立同时测定心宁片中丹参素和原儿茶醛含量的方法.方法 采用高效液相色谱法,色谱柱为LinkSil ODS C18;柱温:35℃;流动相:甲醇-1％冰醋酸溶液(8∶92);流速:1.0 mL· min-1;检测波长:280 nm.结果 丹参素在23.4～187.2 mg·L-1(r=0.999 8)、原儿茶醛在1.92～38.40 mg· L1(r=0.999 9)浓度范围内线性关系均良好;平均回收率分别为100.29％和98.96％.结论 该方法简单、准确、快速,可用于心宁片中丹参素和原儿茶醛的质量控制.     

HPLC法同时测定乳安凝胶膏剂中4种化学成分的含量

目的 建立乳安凝胶膏剂中淫羊藿苷、延胡索乙素等4种化学成分的HPLC测定方法.方法 Hedera C18柱;以乙腈(A)-0.1％磷酸水溶液(B)为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速:1mL·min-1,柱温:30℃,检测波长:280nm.结果 4种成分均能达到基线分离,各成分在其线性范围内呈良好的线性关系,加样回收率在95％～105％.结论 上述方法可用于乳安凝胶膏剂的含量测定.     

RP-HPLC法分离丹参滴注液中的丹酚酸D及测定4种酚酸类的含量

目的:建立丹参滴注液中丹酚酸D的分离及同时测定其中丹参素、原儿茶醛、丹酚酸D和丹酚酸B含量的方法。方法:采用反相高效液相色谱法分离及含量测定。色谱柱为Kromasil C18柱,流动相为乙腈-1%冰乙酸(梯度洗脱),流速为1.0mL·min-1,进样量为10μL,柱温为30℃,检测波长为281nm。结果:从制剂中分离并鉴定出丹酚酸D标准品。丹参素、原儿茶醛、丹酚酸D、丹酚酸B的检测浓度分别在60.9～975.0、8.7～139.0、11.0～175.8、2.7～43.2μg·mL-1范围内与其峰面积积分值呈良好的线性关系;平均加样回收率分别为99.1%、100.2%、98.3%,100.4%、102.5%、101.1%,101.4%、97.0%、102.1%,100.6%、99.2%、101.3%,RSD分别为0.94%、0.97%、2.78%、1.07%。结论:该方法简单、快速、专属性好,可用于丹参滴注液的质量控制。