基于工作分析对临床护理教师岗位所需能力和素质的调查

目的从工作分析角度探讨临床护理教师所需具备的能力和素质,为临床护理教师的选拔、考核、培训等提供参考依据。方法采用O*NET工作风格与工作技能问卷调查杭州市6所三级甲等医院的293名临床护理教师。结果临床护理教师工作风格重要性评分前3位的条目是关注细节、正直诚信和合作;工作技能重要性评分前3位的条目是沟通能力、主动倾听和指导能力;医院类别对压力承受能力、评判性思维、时间管理能力3个条目选择有影响(P0.01),职称对自我控制能力、指导能力、协调力3个条目选择有影响(P0.05)。结论临床护理教师了解其应具备的岗位能力素质,对构建临床护理教师岗位胜任评价体系有一定的理论意义。     

布地奈德联合沙丁胺醇氧驱动治疗喘憋性肺炎痰堵的临床护理观察

目的通过布地奈德混悬液联合硫酸沙丁胺醇溶液经氧驱动雾化吸入辅助治疗喘憋性肺炎，观察喘憋性肺炎痰堵患儿的临床护理疗效。方法80例喘憋肺炎患儿随机分为两组，观察组和对照组各40例，两组患儿均常规给予抗病毒、止咳化痰、吸氧、镇静等常规治疗与护理；观察组在此基础上给予布地奈德混悬液联合沙丁胺醇溶液氧驱动雾化吸入治疗，并进行仔细的临床观察，予以综合护理措施，观察临床护理效果。结果通过仔细观察和有针对性的护理，两组患儿有效率差异有显著意义（P〈0．05），未见不良反应和并发症。结论布地奈德混悬液联合沙丁胺醇溶液经氧驱动雾化吸入辅助治疗，结合临床观察和综合护理，可有效解除喘憋性肺炎患儿的痰堵，缓解临床症状，缩短病程，提高治愈率。     

加味生化汤预防血瘀型产后恶露不绝对血液流变学的影响

目的观察加味生化汤预防血瘀型产妇产后恶露不绝对血液流变学的影响。方法将经阴道分娩的血瘀型产妇120例,完全随机分为观察组、对照组、空白组,每组各40例。观察组服用自拟加味生化汤,对照组予缩宫素10 U肌内注射,空白组服用安慰剂（多维元素胶囊）。观察3组患者中医证候的改变,产后恶露不绝的发生率以及治疗前后血液流变学指标的变化。结果观察组中医证候的总有效率为95.0%,对照组、空白组分别为75.0%、82.5%,观察组与其余两组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,对照组与空白组比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;观察组、对照组、空白组产后恶露不绝的发生率分别为15.0%、32.5%、35.0%,观察组产后恶露不绝的发生率明显低于对照组、空白组（P〈0.05）,对照组与空白组比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;观察组血液流变学各项指标与治疗前比较明显改善（P〈0.05）,与其余两组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论加味生化汤能有效预防血瘀型产妇产后恶露不绝的发生,能明显改善其血液流变学各项指标,值得临床推广。     

舒张性心力衰竭患者运动自我效能与家庭运动行为相关性研究

目的了解舒张性心力衰竭患者运动自我效能水平和家庭运动行为并分析其相关性。方法采用便利抽样方法,调查125例住院舒张性心力衰竭患者的运动自我效能及其中106例患者出院后的家庭运动行为。结果舒张性心力衰竭患者运动自我效能总分为(34.35±7.85)分。9.43%患者选择有氧联合抗阻运动,43.40%患者运动频率为每周3次及以上,52.83%患者运动时间为每次30min及以上,31.13%患者运动强度在自感劳累分级12及以上。不同运动频率、时间和强度的患者运动自我效能得分比较,差异有统计学意义(均P0.01)。运动时间、频率、强度与运动自我效能水平呈正相关(均P0.01)。结论舒张性心力衰竭患者运动自我效能处于中等偏下水平,家庭运动行为有待改进。应重视提高患者的运动自我效能,从而改进其运动行为。     

情志护理结合中医疗法治疗失眠的研究进展

综述情志护理结合中医疗法治疗失眠的研究进展,指出大部分都停留在护理环境的改善、与病人沟通交流等方面的经验总结与体会上,涉及诸如情志相胜法等中医特色的护理措施较少,对病人进行心理评估时临床欠缺的是有效量化评估。因此今后应在实践的基础上探索出更有临床意义的情志护理理论及措施。     

Attitudes of undergraduate nursing students toward Objective Structure Practical Examination: An Exploratory study

BackgroundObjective Structured Practical Examination (OSPE) is a method of assessment of clinical competence. The examination is conducted at multiple stations. Besides practical and problem-solving skills, theoretical knowledge is also tested. OSPE can be traced back more than 40 years. OSPE has been included more than two decades, as a part of assessment in the College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi.ObjectivesThis study was carried out to determine nursing students' attitudes towards OSPE as an assessment tool.ParticipantsThe responses of all the 252 Undergraduate nursing students studying at the College of Nursing, AIIMS were obtained for this study (77 from B.Sc.(H) Nursing first year, 61 from the second year, 69 from the third year and 45 from the fourth year).MethodsThe students attitudes towards OSPE were assessed by using a validated questionnaire containing 28 item statements on Likert's 5-point scale (LS) and 11 bipolar adjectives on Osgood's 7-point Semantic' Differential Scale (OSDS).ResultMost of the students approved of OSPE and felt that it was fair, useful, good, effective, exciting, interesting, practical, skill oriented but also taxing. The study also revealed that amongst the second years' students there was a strong correlation between Overall Rank in the Class and Assessment of OSPE.ConclusionThe study supports the introduction of OSPE as one of the methods of assessment of B.Sc. (Hons.) Nursing students.