Dental auscultation for nursing personnel as a model of oral health care education: development,baseline, and 6-month follow-up assessments

Oral health care has been shown to have low priority in nursing and has been only partly successful. To create more positive effects than those achieved through traditional oral health care education, this project tested an educational model for nursing staff personnel. In addition to traditional oral health care education, some of the nursing staff members passed an additional dental auscultation period and served as oral care aides. The aides were responsible for the oral health care of the residents at their nursing facilities (intervention group). The intervention nursing facilities were compared with facilities where nursing personnel only received a traditional oral health care education program. Assessments were made at baseline and at a 6-month follow-up. At follow-up it was shown that the nursing staff in the intervention group gave higher priority to the oral health care work than the nursing staff in the control group.     

超声骨刀联合高速涡轮钻拔除复杂下颌阻生智齿的临床护理

目的探讨超声骨刀拔除复杂下颌阻生智齿的效果及护理经验。方法选择90例下颌阻生智齿患者,随机平均分为三组：（1）A组,采用涡轮钻法拔除;（2）B组,采用超声骨刀法拔除：（3）C组,采用超声骨刀结合涡轮钻法除。观察三组患者手术时间、术后疼痛、肿胀程度等情况。采用SPSS13．0软件包进行统计学分析。结果C组拔牙时间低于A、B组。差异有统计学意义（tA=25．49,tB=9．44,P均〈0．05）,且并发症较低（3％）。结论超声骨刀结合涡轮钻法的应用,可明显提高工作效率,减少术后并发症．降低手术风险．优质的护理配合及熟练的“六手操作”是超声骨刀结合涡轮钻法微创、高效拔除复杂下颌阻生智齿的重要保障。     

Factors associated with polypharmacy in nursing home residents

The prevalence of polypharmacy is very high in the nursing home setting. In this comprehensive review, we describe the many demographic, functional status, chronic disease, and healthcare financing factors associated with polypharmacy in nursing home patients. Recognition of the factors associated with polypharmacy is the first step for practitioners. A quality improvement intervention study previously conducted by the authors of this paper demonstrated that polypharmacy can be reduced in the nursing setting as a result of systematic review of medications by physicians.     

心脏介入治疗患者并发心脏压塞的早期识别抢救及护理

目的探讨心脏介入治疗患者并发心脏压塞的早期识别抢救与护理。方法我院收治的心脏介入治疗并发心脏压塞患者20例,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果经过早期识别与抢救护理,救治成功17例,死亡3例。结论对心脏介入治疗并发心脏压塞的患者,进行早期有效识别和实施积极抢救是非常重要的。完善的术前指导和术中、术后对病情的密切观察为挽救生命赢得了宝贵时间。     

猪尾巴导管持续引流心包积液的护理研究

目的探讨经皮猪尾巴导管持续引流心包积液的护理措施。方法 36例大量心包积液患者,经皮成功放置猪尾巴导管并持续引流,回顾分析护理措施与患者临床效果。结果 36例患者中31例症状完全缓解,4例部分缓解,1例死亡;均无脏器损伤、感染及导管堵塞等并发症发生。结论对经皮心包穿刺留置导管引流的患者要加强心理护理,注意术前准备、指导术中配合、密切观察术后病情变化,防止导管堵塞、脱落是保证引流成功,防止并发症发生的关键。     

肺癌合并肝硬化患者术后胸腔闭式引流观察和护理特点

目的通过对我科近4年中18例肺癌合并肝硬化患者术后胸腔闭式引流进行观察,探讨此类患者的护理特点。方法 18例患者术后3d每天均有500ml以上引流胸腔积液,有10例(A组)在术后3d仍有800ml胸腔积液,给予自体血胸膜固定术,8例(B组)仍予常规支持对症治疗,比较两组术后恢复时间和住院费用。结果 A组平均住院时间为26d,平均住院费用为4.1万元;B组平均住院时间为19d,平均住院费用为3.2万元,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论肺癌合并肝硬化患者术后需加强观察胸腔积液的变化,及时的自体血胸膜固定术并加强指导翻身护理,可在临床上加快此类患者的康复,同时减少住院费用。     

Pregnancy related issues in inflammatory bowel disease: evidence base and patients' perspective

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) affects women of childbearing age and can influence fertility, pregnancy and decisions regarding breastfeeding. Women with IBD need to consider the possible course of disease during pregnancy, the benefits and risks associated with medications required for disease management during pregnancy and breastfeeding and the effects of mode of delivery on their disease. When indicated, aminosalicylates and thiopurines can be safely used during pregnancy. Infliximab and Adalimumab are considered probably safe during the first two trimesters. During the third trimester the placenta can be crossed and caution should be applied. Methotrexate is associated with severe teratogenicity due to its folate antagonism and is strictly contraindicated. Women with IBD tend to deliver earlier than healthy women, but can have a vaginal delivery in most cases. Caesarean sections are generally recommended for women with active perianal disease or after ileo-anal pouch surgery.While the impact of disease activity and medication has been addressed in several studies, there are minimal studies evaluating patients' perspective on these issues. Women's attitudes may influence their decision to have children and can positively or negatively influence the chance of conceiving, and their beliefs regarding therapies may impact on the course of their disease during pregnancy and/or breastfeeding. This review article outlines the impact of IBD and its treatment on pregnancy, and examines the available data on patients' views on this subject.     

护理干预对哮喘患者吸入糖皮质激素治疗依从性的影响

目的护理干预对哮喘患者糖皮质激素吸入治疗的效果与治疗依从性分析。方法选取2010年1月—2011年12月在我科应用糖皮质激素治疗依从性差的84例中重度哮喘患者,随机分为两组,每组42例,调查分析患者治疗依从性,对比两组服药依从性。结果干预组42例患者,治疗依从率为88.10%,哮喘症状评分为(24.1±0.9)分;对照组42例患者,治疗依从率为19.05%,哮喘症状评分为(13.9±0.7)分。护理干预组的治疗依从性明显较好(P<0.05),疗效显著提高(P<0.05)。结论针对性护理干预能够有效提高患者糖皮质激素治疗依从性,提高疗效。     

疑难血管下肢人造血管内瘘血液透析的护理

我国维持性血液透析患者的数量日益增多,而糖尿病、老年、长期透析使血管耗竭的问题也日益突出。有效的血管通路是血液透析患者的生命线。由于自身血管条件的限制,人造血管因与组织相容性较好,已成为血管代用品。我科收治了一例有罕见复杂血管条件的患者,因深静脉多发血栓,行股动、静脉人造血管移植搭桥手术后予以透析治疗。     

应用间歇性气体压缩装置预防人工髋关节置换术下肢深静脉血栓形成

目的探讨对有高出血风险患者应用间歇性气体压缩装置预防人工髋关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓形成的效果及护理要点。方法2010年3月至2013年1月,对有高出血风险、需要行人工全髋关节置换术或人工股骨头置换术的患者58例,采用基本预防和下肢间歇性气体压缩装置物理预防。主要观察双下肢肢体颜色、肿胀、疼痛等病症,双下肢彩色多普勒超声检查结果。结果58例有高出血风险患者人工髋关节置换术后,其中5例发生患侧肢体疼痛、肿胀,3例无症状、体征,经彩色多普勒超声检查提示深静脉血栓形成共8例,发生率13．65％。结论有高出血风险患者人工髋关节置换术后应用间歇性气体压缩装置,正确使用、仔细观察并有效解决应用中的问题,能有效地预防和减少下肢深静脉血栓形成。