关于中成药口腔崩解片开发应用的思考

通过对口腔崩解片的特点及主要制备工艺的分析,结合当前中成药工业的现状及具体实际,认为口腔崩解片可以应用于中成药制剂的开发。     

工作作为药物及酒精滥用者有效的干预策略和治疗方法

1Introduction Substanceabusecontinuestobeamongthemostsevereso cialandcostlyhealthproblemsdevastatingindividualsandtheir familiesintheUnitedStates.Initssimplestdefinition,sub stanceabuseisthecontinueduseofalcoholorotherdrugsde spiteknowledgeofhavingapersistentsocial,vocational,psy chologicalorphysicalproblemthatiscausedorexacerbatedby theuseofalcoholorotherdrugs(DSMIV TR,1994).All drugsofabuse,includingalcohol,aretoxicandcannegatively impacteverysysteminthehumanorganism.Protractedsub stance…     

A Paradigm for Design of Closed Loop Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulator Control Systems

Abstract: The use of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) for rehabilitation of gait in spinal patients is widely known. The best results can be obtained with the use of biomechanical sensors and a closed loop NMES system. One of the biggest problems faced in the design of control systems for closed-loop operation, in gait rehabilitation, is the variation of the mechanical conditions during the phases of gait. This work presents a new approach to ease the design of rule-based closed loop systems for operation in conditions such as gait rehabilitation.     

胫骨延长术后的功能康复程序初探

胫骨延长术是矫治小儿麻痹后遗症下肢短缩最常见的术式，但如何恢复或改善术后的功能，目前尚无一套系统的程序。本文作者根据自行设计的胫骨延长休后功能康复的临床观察，作较系统地介绍，并就该程序的合理性，进行了讨论与论证。     

床上体操训练对偏瘫患者的效果观察

目的：观察偏瘫患者早期床上训练的效果。方法：对５８例脑血管意外致偏瘫患者随机分成２组：观察组３０例，护理中指导早期床上体操训练；对照组２８例，按常规护理。以上、下肢肌力和日常生活活动能力（ＡＤＬ）为评价指标，于训练开始时、训练４周、训练８周各评价１次。结果：观察组训练４周、８周时患侧上肢肌力以及ＡＤＬ水平明显增加，与对照组比较有显著差异（Ｐ＜００１）。患侧下肢肌力训练４周及８周时均增加，与对照组比较，４周时无明显差异（Ｐ＞００５），８周时有显著性差异（Ｐ＜００１）。结论：对早期偏瘫患者实施床上功能训练，不仅可以提高患者的生命质量，而且可以减少、甚至解除患者及家属的经济和精神负担。     

Grip and pinch strength among selected adult occupational groups

A survey of 402 normal subjects (203 men, 199 women) was conducted to assist in distinguishing potential differences in norms of hand strength. Norm data had previously been collected from mixed occupational groups, but in the present study it was hypothesised that people involved in heavy manual work on a daily basis might possess greater hand strength than others. The volunteers were adults working in industry and agriculture; they were subdivided into occupational categories. Measurements of grip, key and palmar pinch using the Jamar dynamometer and B and L pinch gauge were collected, using the protocol described by Mathiowetz. Volunteers also rated their individual hand strength job requirements subjectively. Mean values were established with regard to age, sex, dominance, occupational group and subjective rating. Significant differences were found with regard to age and sex but not to dominance; there was no evidence of differences between occupational groups or between subjective rating and individual scoring, i.e. volunteers who perceived their job as requiring a high degree of strength did not achieve higher test measurements than others. A high interrater reliability was demonstrated when comparing these follow-up measurements with the original data. It was concluded that, for clinical and rehabilitative purposes, therapists can interpret assessment of outcome most accurately by comparing patients' results with the existing norm data.     

Recognition performance and perceived quality of video enhanced for the visually impaired

Subjects with central field loss (CFL) individually selected enhancement parameters to improve visibility of static video images. The effect of enhancement on performance and on perceived quality of motion video was assessed. Performance, e.g. recognition of visual details, was assessed by having subjects answer questions regarding visual information contained in the video motion segments that were enhanced using the individually-selected parameters. Enhancement did not improve subject performance on questions about video content. This result might be due to a ceiling effect limitation of the performance assessment method. In a second procedure, subjects' continuous perceptions of quality (using an adjective-based rating scale) were made while the enhancement parameters were abruptly switched among multiple values; these included the individually-selected enhancements, as well as unenhanced, over-enhanced, and degraded segments. The results indicate that adaptive enhancement (individually-tuned using a static image) adds significantly to perceived image quality when viewing motion video. Subjects who selected stronger contrast enhancement also perceived the enhancement to provide a larger benefit in image quality.     

脑卒中偏瘫康复训练程序化研究

目的 :观察脑卒中偏瘫患者进行康复训练的疗效。方法 :2 2例脑卒中患者 :康复组 12例 ,对照组 10例。 2组均接受神经科常规药物治疗。康复组按“中风后程序化康复训练表”进行康复训练 ,分别于康复前、康复后 1月和 3月进行疗效评定。结果 :日常生活活动能力量表 (ADL)测评结果显示 :康复组有效率 83 3% (10 / 12 ) ,对照组 30 % (3/10 ) ,2组差别有显著意义 (P <0 0 5 )。神经功能缺损评分结果显示 :康复组有效率 91 7% (11/ 12 ) ,对照组 4 0 % (4 / 10 ) ,2组差别有显著意义 (P <0 0 1)。结论 :康复训练能降低脑卒中偏瘫患者的致残率 ,提高生活质量。