MACS检测胃癌腹腔冲洗液游离癌细胞的研究

目的 探讨胃癌腹腔微转移情况的检测方法及意义。方法 手术中切除肿瘤前收集腹腔冲洗液，采用磁激活细胞分离术（MACS）对不同病理分期胃癌患者腹腔冲洗液中癌细胞进行富集并检测。分别标记带磁珠的细胞角蛋白（CK）抗体，经磁柱富集CK^＋上皮细胞，用流式细胞仪检测其含量，并比较胃癌组与胃平滑肌瘤组（对照组）以及胃癌不同分期之间、磁富集前后CK^＋上皮细胞含量的差异。结果 在未经MACS富集的标本中较少发现CK^＋ CD45^-细胞；在富集后的标本中其含量在胃癌组与对照组有显著差异（41／50，1／10，P〈0．001）；pTNMⅠ～Ⅱ期与Ⅲ～Ⅳ期之间（0．67％，3．42％，P〈0．001）差异有非常显著性。结论 MACS能有效地富集上皮来源细胞，提高上皮源细胞的检出率，并能反映腹腔游离癌细胞数量；上皮细胞数量与胃癌的存在及临床病理分期有关，其有利于判断肿瘤转移和预后并指导治疗。     

钙池操纵的Ca2+通道的激活机制研究进展

钙池操纵的Ca~(2 )通道(store-operated Ca~(2 ) channels,SOC)是非兴奋细胞Ca~(2 )内流的主要通道之一,参与多种病理和生理过程,在钙信号通路的研究中,SOC的激活机制一直是人们关注的焦点之一,迄今为止,钙内流因子模型(Ca~(2 ) innux factor model,CIF model)和构象耦联模型fconformational coupling model)受到广泛关注.部分学者已经从很多不同类型的细胞中提取出CIF,并证实钙非依赖性的磷脂酶A_2(Ca~(2 )-independent phospholipase A_2,iPLA_2)作为CIF的底物,在某些类型细胞的SOC激活过程中发挥重要作用,并进一步提出了ER- CIF-iPLA_2-CaM-LysoPLs-SOC通路模型.瞬时受体电位(transient receptor potential,TRP)通道蛋白与1.4,5-磷酸肌醇受体(inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate receptor,IP_3R)的结构连接作为构象耦联模型的基础已被广泛证实,随着对IP_3R,Ryanodine受体、肌动蛋白等在钙信号通路中所发挥作用的深入研究,构象耦联模型将得到不断补充和完善.SOC激活机制的破解,将对进一步完善非兴奋细胞的钙通道特性及其调节机制理论带来重大突破.     

不同方法治疗压褥的临床效果比较

目的探讨不同方法治疗压疮的临床效果。方法将65例患者计Ⅱ～Ⅲ度溃疡84处按基本条件相当原则随机分成A、B、C三组，A组21例28处，伤口采用清创冲洗后，给予康惠尔水胶体敷料；B组23例30处，伤口采用湿润烧伤膏；C组21例26处，清创冲洗后，给予自制凡士林油纱敷料外敷溃疡面处。结果B组愈合率最高，且平均显效时间和愈合时间均较A、C两组明显缩短，且A、B组明显高于C组。结论采用清创冲洗后用湿润烧伤膏是治疗压疮较好的方法之一。     

聚γ-谷氨酸高产突变株的选育及摇瓶发酵条件

对地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacilluslicheniformis)进行亚硝基胍和60Co诱变,获得一株γ PGA的高产菌株C9.γ PGA质量浓度由9.44g/L提高到19.76g/L,提高了109%.突变株传代10次,质量浓度保持基本稳定.通过正交试验和单因素试验对发酵培养基及发酵条件进行了优化.当发酵培养基中含柠檬酸12g/L、甘油80g/L、L 谷氨酸23g/L、氯化铵7g/L,pH7.0,装液量为50mL/250mL三角瓶,接种体积分数为5%时,37℃摇瓶发酵72h,γ PGA达到23.32g/L.     

Impact of gastrointestinal endoscopy on HIV‐infected children

Objective: To evaluate the role of gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected children with GI problems. Methods: From 1998 to 2002, we retrospectively reviewed all cases of HIV‐infected children presenting with GI problems in which an upper or lower GI endoscopy was indicated. The initial diagnostic endoscopic examination and any repeat endoscopic session leading to a new diagnosis were used in the data analysis. Tissue biopsies were obtained from all abnormal lesions and representative sites of normal‐appearancing GI mucosa. Results: Fourteen patients (median age: 22.5 months) underwent 23 sessions of GI endoscopy, including 10 esophagogastroduodenoscopy, nine colonoscopy and four flexible sigmoidoscopy. Chronic diarrhea was the most common indication, followed by lower GI bleeding, abdominal/retrosternal pain, dysphagia/odynophagia, and upper GI bleeding. Gross endoscopic abnormalities were observed in 78.3%; whereas histological inflammation and opportunistic pathogens were identified in 87% and 43.5%, respectively. Cytomegalovirus was the most common identified pathogen. Abnormal gross findings were significantly associated with histological inflammation and identification of pathogens (P = 0.006 and 0.046, respectively). Specific changes in medical management were made in 50% of cases as a result of endoscopic investigation. Conclusion: If non‐invasive investigations for HIV‐infected children with GI symptoms fail to establish a diagnosis, gastrointestinal endoscopy should be performed and often yields a positive result leading to changes in medical management.     

595nm激光对兔耳瘢痕成纤维细胞增殖与凋亡的影响

目的：探讨595nmVbeam激光照射对增生性瘢痕动物模型伤口愈合过程中成纤维细胞增殖与凋亡的影响。方法：成年大耳白兔20只,建立兔耳腹侧面增生性瘢痕模型,对比研究在瘢痕形成过程中595nmVbeam激光照射对兔耳瘢痕成纤维细胞的影响,采用免疫组化方法检测增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）蛋白表达和细胞凋亡的原位检测。结果：兔耳增生性瘢痕经595nmVbeam激光照射后,按不同时间段取材进行免疫组化染色并与对照组比较,高倍镜下观察结果,显示PCNA蛋白表达明显减弱,细胞凋亡增加。结论：595nmVbeam激光照射可抑制兔耳增生性瘢痕成纤维细胞的增殖过程,诱导细胞凋亡。应用595nmVbeam激光预防和治疗瘢痕是可行的。     

Lateral unicompartimental knee arthroplasty: indications,technique and short-medium term results

Lateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is a valid alternative treatment in the event of arthritis confined to the lateral compartment. This paper examines its indications, technique and short to medium-term results. A total of 159 Miller–Galante cemented UKA prostheses (Zimmer, Warsaw, Indiana) were implanted consecutively (131 medial and 28 lateral) by the same surgeon. This study investigates 28 lateral UKAs in 27 patients. Twenty-five implants in 24 patients (including a subject operated bilaterally) were followed up for 12–60 months. Three patients were discarded on account of to short a follow-up period. The Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) knee score was used to compare the pre- and post-operative results of the lateral UKA patients. The HSS score improved from a pre-op mean of 59.92 (range 48–68) to 88.04 (range 71–95) at the last follow-up. There was a positive increase in the pain, function and ROM components of the score. The lateral UKA prosthesis can be regarded as a sound alternative to total knee replacement. Correct patient selection on the basis of optimum surgical indications, however, is essential. No benefits of funds were received in support of the study.     

恩必普软胶囊改善慢性脑供血不足患者认知功能的临床分析

目的:探讨dl-3-正丁基苯酞软胶囊(恩必普软胶囊)治疗慢性脑供血不足的临床疗效及对慢性脑供血不足病人认知功能改善的影响。方法:将60例慢性脑供血不足病人随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组30例,治疗组口服dl-3-正丁基苯酞软胶囊,每次200毫克,每日3次;对照组口服复方丹参片,每次4片,每日3次,疗程为8周,治疗前后进行疗效评价和P300数据采样,同时给予同步MMSE、HDS量表评分。结果:治疗组总有效率为70%,对照组总有效率为53.3%,2组治疗后比较差异有显著意义(P<0.05);治疗组治疗前、后MMSE和HDS量表得分情况比较,均有明显改善(P<0.01),与对照组治疗后比较差异有显著意义(P<0.05);治疗组治疗前、后P300波潜伏期及P300波幅差异均有显著意义(P<0.05),与对照组治疗后比较均有显著差异(P<0.05)。结论:dl-3-正丁基苯酞软胶囊对慢性脑供血不足病人安全有效。     

The <Emphasis Type="Italic">Arg</Emphasis>194<Emphasis Type="Italic">Trp</Emphasis> polymorphism in DNA repair gene XRCC1 and the risk for sporadic late-onset Alzheimer's disease

Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD) is defined pathologically by the presence of β-amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles and extensive neuronal loss. Evidence indicates that increased DNA damage may contribute to neuronal loss in AD. Recently, it has been shown that in AD neurons have a reduced capacity for some types of DNA repair. Polymorphisms in DNA repair genes may be associated with differences in repair efficiency of DNA damage. Variants of several DNA repair genes, including the base excision repair gene XRCC1, have been described previously. We hypothesised that Arg194Trp polymorphism of XRCC1 gene may contribute to genetic susceptibility for AD. In order to test this hypothesis, we investigated Arg194Trp polymorphism at the XRCC1 gene in the DNA samples of 98 patients with AD and 95 healthy subjects. The frequency of the Trp allele was more pronounced among cases (11.2%) compared with controls (5.8%). On combining the homozygous and heterozygous variants of each codon, the variants seemed to be at twofold risk of AD, although the risk estimates were not statistically significant (OR=1.95, 95% CI 0.88–4.34, p=0.09). In addition, the 194Trp allele revealed a borderline significance (OR=2.05, 95% CI 0.96–4.37, p=0.056). According to our results, it may be speculated that the polymorphic variants of XRCC1 codon 194 have a role in the development of AD.     

血液透析滤过治疗高钠血症的临床分析

目的　探讨血液透析滤过 (HDF)治疗高钠血症的临床效果。方法　对 16例高钠血症患者行HDF治疗 ,动态观察血清钠以调整置换液成分。结果　 16例患者经 2～ 8h连续性静脉 -静脉血液滤过后血钠开始下降 ,6～ 2 8h可降至正常。结论　血液滤过透析治疗高钠血症效果确切 ,安全性好