蝮蛇抗栓酶治疗缺血性脑血管病的甲襞微循环及血液流变性观察

对使用蝮蛇抗栓酶、维脑路通的缺血性脑血管病患者各５０例进行甲襞微循环和血液流变指标的检测。结果表明：蝮蛇抗栓酶组用药后，微循环和血液流变各项异常指标显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０１～０．０５）。而维脑路通对脑血栓的微循环障碍、血液粘度、β－脂蛋白、甘油三酯、血小板聚集等异常指标改善不大（Ｐ＞０．０５）。提示：蝮蛇抗栓酶是优于维脑路通的降粘药物。     

Body Image Changes in Adolescents II Comparison among Patients with Eating Disorders and Controls with Thin, Normal and Obese Body Shapes

Abstract: The Self-Rating Body Image (SRBI) test was used to determine whether the patients with eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa or bulimia showed their body image disturbance or not. The SRBI was completed by 120 subjects who consisted of 30 low weight (LW) controls, 30 normal weight (NW) controls, 30 high weight (HW) controls, 18 anorexic patients (AN) and 12 bulimic patients (BN). The AN group had a significantly greater dissatisfaction with the scales of the body shape, visceral organ and face image of the SRBI than the weight-matched LW group. The BN group had a significantly greater dissatisfaction with the visceral organ image than the weight-matched NW group. However, no significant difference in the body shape and face images between the BN and NW groups was found. Our results suggest that the anorexic patients may disturb more parts of the body image than the bulimic patients though both the anorexic and bulimic patients showed the disturbance of body image.     

A protease inhibitor attenuates gastric erosions and microcirculatory disturbance in the early period after thermal injury in rats

The effects of camostat mesilate, a synthetic serine protease inhibitor on gastric microcirculation and active oxygen species generated by leucocytes from the gastric and jugular veins in the early period after thermal injury were assessed. Male Wistar rats were anaesthetized and a 30% full skin-thickness dorsal burn was inflicted. Camostat mesilate (100 mg/kg) was dissolved in distilled water and administered orally to rats 40 min before thermal injury (the camostat group). The control animals (the vehicle group) were administered distilled water orally. Rolling leucocytes as well as Monastral blue B deposits in venules were observed using in vivo microscopy. Active oxygen species were measured by chemiluminescence. Camostat mesilate decreased the total length of gastric erosion, venular deposits of Monastral blue B, and rolling of leucocytes in venules, and relatively increased luminol-dependent chemiluminescence activity generated by zymosan-stimulated leucocytes 15 min after thermal injury. These results suggest that serine proteases are involved in the formation of gastric erosions and gastric microcirculatory disturbance in the early period after thermal injury.     

鼠脑缺血后软脑膜微循环及脑血流自动调节功能的实验研究

本文利用闭合式颅骨开窗的方法制成脑微循环小室,以显微镜摄像系统连续观察双侧颈总动脉阻塞前后软脑膜微循环的变化,发现双侧颈总动脉阻塞后,软脑膜动脉管径和平均动脉压分别增加了40％和58％;静脉内血球流速减少至原值的70％;软脑膜动脉对动脉血二氧化碳浓度升高及低血压所引起的扩张反应受到明显抑制。实验结果提示:双侧颈总动脉阻塞后,虽然脑动脉明显扩张、血压上升。仍不足以代偿由于脑局部灌注压的下降所造成的脑血流量减少。提示双侧颈总动脉阻塞时,脑血流的自动调节功能受到严重损害。     

共聚焦激光扫描显微镜(MRC600)活体观测家兔大脑皮质内微循环的动物模型制作方法及其应用探讨

目的 :用共聚焦激光扫描显微镜活体观测家兔大脑皮质内微血管构筑及其微循环提供更近似于人类的动物模型。方法 :在开放颅窗的家兔动物模型上 ,荧光素标记血浆 ,罗丹明 6G标记WBC ,用共聚焦激光扫描显微镜活体观测正常状态下家兔大脑皮质内微循环 ,并经图像分析系统测量数据 ,用SAS软件包进行统计学分析。结果 :本研究探索用开放颅窗的家兔动物模型进行大脑皮质微循环的研究取得成功 ,作者认为采用开放颅窗的家兔动物模型使观察大脑皮质的深度达 2 5 0～ 30 0 μm ,对大脑皮质内微血管构筑及微循环进行活体观测 ,可进行连续断层扫描 ,或在同一层面进行连续定位扫描监测 ,所摄取图像经监视器及计算机摄入并存盘待分析 ,用图像分析系统进行观测血管口径 ,血流速度 ,血液流态 ,白细胞 ,红细胞运动等微循环指标 ,也可用标准Bio Radthruview软件三维重建 ,观察各种血管形态 ,研究大脑皮质微血管构筑。结论 :开放颅窗的家兔动物模型是更近似于人类的动物模型 ,适合用于脑血管疾病发病机理的研究     

原发性开角型青光眼微循环改变及临床意义

目的：探讨原发性开角型青光眼与微循环的关系。方法：采用国产WX－9A型微循环仪及图像自动分析系统，观察46例原发性开角型青光眼患者甲皱微循环变化。结果：患者组甲皱微循环管襻形态，襻周状态，血流状态等项指标与对照组比较均有显著性差异（P＜0．05），表现不同程度的微循环障碍。结论：原发性开角型青光眼的发生与微循环障碍有关。     

雷诺氏综合征患者的微循环特点和中西结合治疗

对40例雷诺氏综合征（RDS）患者应用益气通阳活血化瘀中药与西药倍他乐克联合治疗，同时观察RDS患者治疗前后的甲襞微循环（NFM）、血液流变性和彩色多普勒血流显像（CDFI）变化。结果显示RDS患者经治疗后NFM明显改善，细动脉增宽、血流加快（P＜0．05），全血粘度、血浆粘度、纤维蛋白原及体外血栓重量与长度明显减轻缩小（P＜0．01）；CDFI表现动脉痉挛消失，血流阻力下降以及血流量增加。提示：益气通阳活血化瘀中药和倍他乐克西药合用有明显的降粘、解聚、抗栓、改善微循环的作用，治疗RDS有较好的疗效。     

A sleep disturbance in high risk for SIDS infants

A developmentally immature sleep pattern has been identified in infants with a recent history of an unexplained life-threatening episode of sleep apnoea who are considered at risk for SIDS. In these infants there is a persistence of Sleep Onset REM Periods (SOREMPS) after prolonged wakefulness when compared to controls matched for age, sex, birthweight and race. This sleep characteristic has not been previously reported.     

中药灵芝对健康人甲襞微循环的作用

系统观察５７例健康人口服灵芝（灵芝多糖体５５ｍｇ／片）前后甲襞微循环的变化。结果显示：服药前后大、小动脉血压无显著变化；口服灵芝３天后输入枝口径及输出枝口径均有明显扩张；管袢密度、红细胞流速增加不显著。口服灵芝７天的动态变化显示，服药８ｈ后输入枝、输出枝口径即有显著扩张，第７天管袢密度开始明显增加。服用不同剂量灵芝（２片、４片、８片，３次／日）３ｈ后，管袢密度、输入枝、输出枝口径、流速均有增加趋向，但Ｐ＞０．０５，其中８片组管袢口径、管袢密度有显著增加（Ｐ＜０．０５），但红细胞流速却有显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结果提示：连续、适量（２片，３次～４次／日）服用灵芝，可显著改善微循环灌流量，从而改善和保护组织及脏器功能。     

白三烯C_4对大鼠胃粘膜微循环的影响及其在急性胃粘膜损伤中的作用

探讨了静注白三烯C_4(0.1ng·100g~(-1))对胃粘膜微循环的影响及其在急性胃粘膜损伤中的作用。实验由Wistar系雄性大鼠,实验前禁食24hr,饮水不限。发现:1.胃粘膜表层毛细血管口径迅速变细,部分消失,集合细静脉口径亦变细;10分钟时集合细静脉明显淤血和出血。2.氢气清除法证明,胃粘膜血流量明显减少,注后第15分钟时由注前1.230±0.093(M±SE)降至0.521±0.079ml·min~(-1)·100g~(-1)(P<0.01)。3.反射光谱法证明,胃粘膜局部表层微循环血液量(△Er)和Hb氧饱和度(F),均有不同程度下降。4.静注白三烯C_4(0.1ng·100g~(-1))及盐酸灌胃(0.2N1ml)均未见明显胃粘膜损伤,两者并用则损伤明显加重。结果表明,外源性白三烯C_4可引起严重胃粘膜微循环障碍,是诱发溃疡形成的重要因素之一。