环磷酰胺和LAK细胞联合应用对SHR大鼠乳腺癌肺转移的抑制作用

本实验研究了环磷酰胺和LAK细胞被动输入联合应用对SHR大鼠乳腺癌肺转移的影响。结果表明当投给50mg/kg环磷酰胺和被动输入LAK细胞(4×10~7/只)可以明显地抑制SHR大鼠乳腺癌的肺转移(P<0.01),并且能有效地延长荷瘤动物的生存时间(P<0.01);半治疗量的LAK细胞和环磷酰胺具有协同抗转移作用(P<0.05)。提示此方法是一个有效的免疫化学疗法。     

A Case of Pneumocytoma (So-Called Sclerosing Hemangioma) With Lymph Node Metastasis

A case of "sclerosing hemangionia" (pneumocytoma) of the lungwith lymph node metastasis is reported. A 22-year-old Japaneseman was found to have a well-defined round lesion in the rightlung (S⁷), which increased in size slightly during a 2-yearfollow-up period. He underwent right lower lobectomy with a preoperative diagnosisof a benign lung tumor. The pulmonary tumor revealed histologicalfeatures characteristic of "sclerosing hemangioma" of the lung,in addition to which there were many large polygonal foamy cells,forming tubular or papillary structures. These cells were foundby electron microscopy to contain numerous cytoplasmic lamellarbodies and showed a positive reaction with anti-surfactant apoproteinantibody immunohistochemically. Therefore, they were consideredto be cells differentiating toward type II pneumocytes. Reviewof 21 typical "sclerosing hemangionia" disclosed a few or somesuch foamy cells in 10 cases. A single hilar lymph node wasthe site of microscopic metastases, which consisted of "largeclear foamy cells" and smaller polygonal or round cells withslightly eosinophilic cytoplasm, both of which were componentsof the pulmonary "sclerosing hemangioma" This case supportsthe theory that "sclerosing hemangioma" is a neoplasm of typeII pneumocyte lineage. Although it is said to be benign, rarecases apparently show metastatic potential.     

卵巢癌肿瘤标志物研究进展

卵巢癌是妇科三大恶性肿瘤之一,由于疾病早期没有明显的临床症状,发现时多已进展为晚期,且约80%的晚期患者在治疗后3年内复发,因此卵巢癌成为妇科恶性肿瘤中死亡率最高的肿瘤。早期有效的筛查及预后评估机制对卵巢癌的诊断及治疗有重要意义。CA125是监测卵巢癌病程和转归的重要标志物,然而其特异性不足,其他标志物包括HE4、CA199对卵巢癌的诊断和预后也缺乏敏感性和特异性。因此,寻找和鉴定新的分子标志物用于早期筛查和诊断卵巢癌以及评估预后至关重要。本文基于目前卵巢癌生物标志物最新研究进行综述。     

胃癌组织中nm23蛋白表达与微血管密度及其转移的关系研究

目的探讨胃癌组织中nm23蛋白的表达与癌组织微血管密度与转移的关系.方法用免疫组织化学LSAB方法检测85例胃癌癌组织微血管(MVD)及mn23蛋白的表达;在第Ⅶ因子相关抗原(FⅦRAg)染色切片上检测其微血管密度.结果nm23表达阳性淋巴结转移率明显低于nm23表达阴性组,而且差异有显著性.nm23表达阳性组与阴性组比较,nm23表达与MVD呈负相关.结论nm23基因受抑制时,MVD增加,淋巴结转移率增高.因此时nm23及MVD的检测,可作为预测胃癌转移及判断预后的可靠指标之一.     

DCC基因蛋白在大肠癌中的表达及意义

目的探讨DCC基因在大肠癌中的蛋白表达及其生物学行为的关系.方法应用免疫组化方法检测46例大肠癌及相应癌旁正常组织和41例正常人大肠组织的DCC基因蛋白表达.结果正常大肠粘膜组织全部表达,大肠癌组织部分表达,阳性率为28%(13/46),两组差异显著(P＜0.01),且与肿瘤浸润转移(Dukes分期)及分化程度有明显相关(P＜0.05),5例伴肝转移组织全部表达缺失.结论DCC基因与大肠癌的发生发展有关,与其浸润转移(Dukes分期)呈负性相关.DCC基因蛋白表达可作为形态学之外判断大肠癌生物学行为的一种指标.     

Metastasectomy versus radiation of secondary sites in stage IV breast cancer: Analysis from a national cancer registry

PurposeLocoregional therapy at primary or secondary sites in breast cancer may be associated with improved survival as compared to systemic therapy alone. We explored the sociodemographic and clinicopathologic factors associated with the use of radiation versus surgical resection of metastatic sites (metastasectomy) in patients with de novo stage IV breast cancer, followed by the associated overall survival.MethodsWe sampled the National Cancer Database for patients with de novo stage IV breast cancer, (2010–2017) and described cohort's characteristics using univariate analyses. We identified 5 subgroups based on malignant site involvement: 1. Bone only, 2. Brain only, 3. Liver only, 4. Lung only, and 5. Metastasis involving >1 site. Kaplan-Meier modeling with log-rank testing and multivariate Cox Regression analysis were used to explore differences in overall survival between those that received radiation at secondary sites and those that underwent metastasectomy.ResultsN = 22,749patients were included in this analysis. Radiation (81.2%) was used more commonly than metastasectomy (28.8%). Metastasectomy was associated with better median overall survival across all 5 cohorts (p < .001), with the survival benefit being the most pronounced with lung only (OS: 56.9 months; HR 0.8, 95% CI 0.7–0.9, p = .032), or liver only (OS: 41.6 months; HR: 0.9; 95% CI: 0.7–1.1, p < .001) metastasis.ConclusionMetastasectomy in patients with de novo stage IV breast cancer may be associated with improved overall survival as compared to radiation of secondary lesions, particularly in those with only liver or lung involvement. Prospective randomized controlled trials investigating surgical resection of metastatic sites in patients with breast cancer are warranted.     

Extra nodal Rosai Dorfman disease masquerading as metastatic soft tissue sarcoma- A case report

Rosai Dorfman disease is rare benign disease of phagocytic histiocytosis usually present as painless massive lymphadenopathy. Extra nodal presentation of Rosai Dorfman disease is rare but also described. We hereby describe an unusual presentation of the extra nodal Rosai Dorfman disease with rapidly growing soft tissue lesion in the left thigh with associated osseous lesions in the right distal femur, left distal femur, left proximal tibia and presence of solitary pulmonary nodule. This case is unique as clinical presentation highly suspicious of soft tissue sarcoma but excision biopsy of thigh lesion showed Rosai Dorfman disease.Though RDD in extremities has been described in limited number of cases, to the best of our knowledge this is first case of lower extremity RDD associated with osseous lesions and pulmonary nodule but without lymphadenopathy.     

Predictive factors of recurrence in adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction in the multimodal era

IntroductionAdenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEGJ) represents a poor prognostic tumor. We evaluated the recurrence pattern and risk factors associated with recurrence in patients undergoing surgical resection by AEJG.MethodsRecurrences were categorized as locoregional, peritoneal, or distant. These three recurrence groups and a non-recurrence group were compared, and overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) for each one was obtained.ResultsWe analyzed 188 patients with curative surgical treatment. Recurrence was observed in 72 (38.3%) patients. Locoregional recurrence was observed in 17 (23.6%); 20 (27.8%) peritoneal recurrence and 35 (48.6%) distant metastasis. DFS was 9, 5, and 8 months, and OS was 21.8, 13.2, and 20.8, respectively. Tumors larger than 5 cm are risk factors for peritoneal recurrence (OR:2.88, p = 0.012). Positive lymph nodes were related to distant metastasis (OR:9.15, p = 0.040), and lymphatic invasion for locoregional recurrence (OR:3.81, p = 0.028).ConclusionAEGJ is associated with high rates of early recurrence.     

Challenges and Opportunities for Real-World Evidence in Metastatic Luminal Breast Cancer

BackgroundThe therapeutic armamentarium for patients with metastatic breast cancer is becoming more and more specific. Recommendations from clinical trials are not available for all treatment situations and patient subgroups, and it is therefore important to collect real-world data.SummaryTo develop recommendations for up-to-date treatments and participation in clinical trials for patients with metastatic breast cancer, the Prospective Academic Translational Research PRAEGNANT Network was established to optimize the quality of oncological care in the advanced therapeutic setting. The main aim of PRAEGNANT is to systematically record medical care for patients with metastatic breast cancer in the real-life setting, including the outcome and side effects of different treatment strategies, to monitor quality-of-life changes during therapy, to identify patients eligible for participation in clinical studies, and to allow targeted therapies based on the molecular structures of breast carcinomas.Key MessagesThis article describes the PRAEGNANT network and sheds light on the question of whether the various end points from clinical trials can be transferred to the real-world treatment situation.     

胸部CT和MRI对胸段食管癌淋巴结转移的诊断价值

目的 比较胸部计算机断层扫描（computer tomography,CT）和磁共振成像（magnetic resonance imaging,MRI）判断胸段食管癌淋巴结转移的临床价值。方法 回顾性分析2015年7月—2019年6月在我院诊治的胸段食管癌淋巴结转移患者90例,所有患者在入院后均采用胸部CT和MRI平扫及增强扫描,并在手术后对病灶组织标本进行病理学检测,以病理诊断结果为金标准,分析胸部CT和MRI灵敏度和特异度。结果 MRI扫描,灵敏度为88.73%,特异度为94.74%,阳性预测值为98.44%,阴性预测值为69.23%,高于胸部CT扫描的69.01%、52.63%、84.48%、31.25%。淋巴结转移分布中,胸中段最多,胸上段、胸中段、胸下段所占比例分别为26.67%、60.00%、13.33%,胸上段中最上纵隔和气管旁淋巴结转移最多,胸中段气管旁、隆突下淋巴结转移最多,胸下段贲门旁、胃左动脉旁淋巴结转移最多,MRI诊断准确率高于胸部CT。结论 胸部CT、MRI均能够诊断出胸段食管癌淋巴结转移,MRI诊断胸段食管癌淋巴结转移的诊断价值优于胸部CT,MRI在胸段淋巴结各部位的诊断准确率高于胸部CT,能够更清晰显示淋巴结的转移情况。