复方丹参滴丸治疗冠心病心绞痛合并高脂血症80例疗效观察

目的探讨复方丹参滴丸治疗冠心病心绞痛合并高脂血症的临床疗效。方法将我院收治的80例冠心病心绞痛合并高脂血症患者随机分为两组,每组各40例,对照组采取常规综合治疗,观察组在此基础上加用复方丹参滴丸,比较两组临床疗效及治疗前后血脂水平变化。结果观察组心绞痛治疗有效率为92.50%,显著高于对照组的77.50%（P〈0.05）;观察组治疗后TG、TC、HDL-C和LDL-C水平分别为（3.52±0.47）mmol/L、（1.31±0.29）mmol/L、（2.52±0.34）mmol/L和（1.87±0.30）mmol/L,均较治疗前和对照组显著改善（P〈0.05）。结论复方丹参滴丸治疗冠心病心绞痛合并高脂血症疗效显著,可有效改善患者心绞痛症状及血脂水平,具有较好的临床应用价值。     

虎潜丸对去势大鼠骨密度及BMP-2水平影响的研究

目的：探讨虎潜丸干预对去势大鼠骨密度及骨组织中BMP－2水平的影响。方法6个月龄的40只雌性SD大鼠随机分为手术模型组、雌激素组、虎潜丸组和假手术组。确定造模成功后,虎潜丸组给予虎潜丸煎剂浓缩液灌胃,每天一次;雌激素组给予尼尔雌醇悬浊液灌胃,每周一次;手术模型组和假手术组给予蒸馏水灌胃,每天一次。灌胃治疗12周后测量各组大鼠的骨密度及骨组织中BMP－2含量。结果虎潜丸组及雌激素组与手术模型组相比较,全身骨密度和腰椎骨密度都得到了一定提高,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0．05）;骨组织中BMP－2的水平也都有显著升高,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论虎潜丸对切除卵巢后所致的骨质疏松症有明显的治疗作用,其机制可能是在一定程度地提高了组织中BMP－2的水平,从而抑制骨组织的吸收,促进骨组织的形成。     

消渴丸辅助治疗口服西药控制不佳的2型糖尿病40例临床观察

目的：探讨消渴丸辅助治疗口服西药控制不佳的2型糖尿病的临床疗效。方法将2011年1月～2012年5月于本院进行治疗的80例口服西药控制不佳的2型糖尿病患者随机分为对照组和观察组每组各40例,对照组采用格列奇特进行治疗,80mg/次,2次/d,口服,观察组在对照组的基础上加用消渴丸进行治疗,5～10粒/次,3次/d,口服。两组均治疗12周。观察及比较两组患者治疗后8周及12周的总有效率和治疗前、治疗后8周、12周的空腹血糖（FBG）、餐后2h血糖（2hPG）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、空腹胰岛素（FINS）及餐后2h胰岛素（2hINS）水平。结果观察组治疗后8周及12周的总有效率高于对照组（P＜0.05）,治疗后8周、12周的FBG、2hPG、HbA1c、FINS及2hINS水平均低于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论消渴丸辅助治疗口服西药控制不佳的2型糖尿病的临床疗效较佳,可更为有效地控制患者的血糖。     

Premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea: Symptom trajectories over 13 years in young adults

Objectives

To ascertain the prevalence of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and dysmenorrhea in Australia women and to examine whether there is population subgroups with distinct symptom trajectories.

Study design

A prospective cohort study, including 9671 young women random sampled from national Medicare database and followed up for 13 years, examined the prevalence, the trend and the symptom trajectories of the conditions.

Main outcome measures

Prevalence of PMS and dysmenorrhea over time, their symptom trajectories, and the probability of symptom reporting at follow-up.

Results

The prevalence of PMS varied between 33 and 41% and that of dysmenorrhea between 21 and 26%. The probabilities of reporting PMS and dysmenorrhea were 0.75 (95% CI, 0.73, 0.76) and 0.70 (95% CI, 0.68, 0.72), respectively, among women who reported them in three previous consecutive surveys. Four unique trajectories were identified for both conditions. PMS was experienced by 80% of women some time during the study period, with normative (22.1%), late onset (21.9%), recovering (26.5%) and chronic (29.5%) groups revealed. Dysmenorrhea occurred in 60% of women with normative (38.3%), low (28.0%), recovering (17.2%) and chronic (16.5%) groups identified.

Conclusions

PMS and dysmenorrhea are common among young women. Both have relatively stable prevalence over time, but exhibit considerable variation at the individual level. Four subgroups of women who followed similar symptom trajectories were identified. PMS was experienced by 80% of women during the study period and it tended to be a long-lasting problem in many. Although 60% of women experienced dysmenorrhea, only a small group continuously reported it. Smoking and illicit drugs use, and smoking and obesity were more common among women with persistent PMS and dysmenorrhea respectively.     

柴胡桂枝干姜汤联合理中丸加针灸治疗胆汁反流性胃炎的临床效果及对血清炎症因子水平的影响

目的探讨柴胡桂枝干姜汤联合理中丸加针灸治疗胆汁反流性胃炎的临床效果及对血清炎症因子水平的影响。方法筛选我院诊治的胆汁反流性胃炎患者60例,应用数字随机表将其分为对照组与观察组,各30例。对照组给予柴胡桂枝干姜汤加减疗法;观察组运用柴胡桂枝干姜汤联合理中丸加针灸疗法。比较两组的临床疗效及治疗前、后的血清炎症因子(TNF-α和IL-8)水平。结果观察组的临床治疗总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组TNF-α和IL-8水平均降低,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论柴胡桂枝干姜汤联合理中丸加针灸治疗胆汁反流性胃炎的疗效确切,可显著改善患者体内的炎症因子水平。     

综合疗法治疗膝关节骨关节炎120例

膝关节骨性关节炎是一种临床常见病，笔者应用综合疗法治疗本病，取得满意疗效，现报道如下。     

The chronic hepatotoxicity assessment of the herbal formula Zishen Yutai pill

Zishen Yutai pill (ZYP) is an oriental herbal formula, while hepatotoxicity assessment of ZYP was rarely evaluated. Therefore, our aim is to re-evaluate its hepatotoxicity in both normal and carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) induced chronic liver injury rats. In the normal model, two doses of ZYP (1.575 and 9.450 g kg⁻¹ d⁻¹; i.e. 1 × , 6 × clinical doses) were given orally to rats for 24 weeks. In the chronic liver injury model, 10% CCl₄ was administered to rats abdominally twice a week at a dose of 5 mL kg⁻¹ for 12 consecutive weeks. Administration time started from 4 weeks after the beginning of CCl₄ treatment. Toxicological parameters included mortality, body weight, food consumption, clinical signs, biochemical parameters, gross observation, organ weight, necropsy findings and histopathology were monitored. In the normal model, we found no any mortality or abnormality in clinical signs, relative liver weight, biochemical parameters and histopathology in ZYP treatment groups. In the chronic liver injury model, liver damage related parameter such as ALT was elevated at the high dose of ZYP treatment in contrast to the CCl₄-treated group (P < 0.01). In histopathological assessment, there were no significant difference between ZYP treatment groups and CCl₄-treated group. No observed adverse effect on livers were established for 9.450 g kg⁻¹ d⁻¹ ZYP in the normal rats and 9.450 g kg⁻¹ d⁻¹ ZYP in the injury rats.     

宁神补心丸联合“子午流注针法”对脑卒中伴抑郁症患者工作记忆疗效及血清Hcy、NSE的影响

目的 探讨宁神补心丸联合"子午流注针法"对脑卒中伴抑郁症患者工作记忆疗效及血清神经元烯醇化酶（neuron enolase，NSE）、同型半胱氨酸（homocysteine，Hcy）的影响。方法 将2019年1月-2020年1月期间收治的84例急性缺血性脑卒中伴抑郁症患者按照随机数字表随机分为中医治疗组和对照组各42例，所有患者均采取常规内科治疗，对照组给予盐酸帕罗西汀口服抗抑郁治疗，中医治疗组在对照组基础上给予宁神补心丸联合"子午流注针法"治疗，比较2组临床疗效及n-back测试结果，血清Hcy、NSE、碱性髓鞘蛋白（myelin basic protein，MBP）、5-羟色胺（5-hydroxytryptamineand，5-HT）、去甲肾上腺素（norepinephrine，NE）水平及生活质量评分。结果 中医治疗组总有效率92.86%高于对照组76.19%（P<0.05）。治疗后2组HAMD-24评分、NIHSS评分、中医证候积分、血清NSE、Hcy、MBP较该组治疗前明显降低（P<0.05），且中医治疗组下降幅度大于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后2组n-back测试正确率明显提升，反应时间明显下降（P<0.05），且中医治疗组正确率高于对照组，反应时间低于对照组（P<0.05）；治疗后2组5-HT、NE水平以及生理健康、心理健康、环境领域、社会关系和生存质量得分较本组治疗前明显升高（P<0.05），且中医治疗组高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 宁神补心丸联合"子午流注针法"治疗脑卒中伴抑郁症能够改善神经功能缺损，缓解抑郁情绪，提高功能记忆功能，猜测其作用机制可能与降低Hcy、NSE水平有关。     

紫外分光光度法测定痛风宁微丸中柚皮苷的含量

目的建立痛风宁微丸中柚皮苷的含量测定方法。方法采用紫外分光光度法测定痛风宁微丸中柚皮苷的含量。以甲醇作空白对照,检测波长415 nm。结果柚皮苷量在0.056~0.196 mg范围内与吸收度呈良好的线性关系,r=0.999 8,平均回收率为99.31%,RSD为0.65%。结论本方法简便可行、结果准确可靠、重复性好,可作为痛风宁微丸柚皮苷的含量测定方法。     

Factors affecting first-month adherence to antiretroviral therapy amongHIV-positive adults in South Africa

This study explores the influence of baseline factors on first-month adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) among adults. The study design involved a review of routinely collected patient information in the CAPRISA AIDS Treatment (CAT) programme, at a rural and an urban clinic in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. The records of 688 patients enrolled in the CAT programme between June 2004 and September 2006 were analysed. Adherence was calculated from pharmacy records (pill counts) and patients were considered adherent if they had taken at least 95% of their prescribed drugs. Logistic regression was used to analyse the data and account for confounding factors. During the first month of therapy, 79% of the patients were adherent to HAART. HAART adherence was negatively associated with a higher baseline CD4 count. Women had better adherence if they attended voluntarily testing and counselling or if they had taken an HIV test because they were unwell, while men had higher adherence if they were tested due to perceived risk of HIV infection. HAART adherence was positively associated with higher age among patients who possessed cell phones and among patients who provided a source of income in the urban setting, but not in the rural setting. Though long-term data from this cohort is required to fully evaluate the impact of non-adherence in the first month of treatment, this study identifies specific groups of patients at higher risk for whom adherence counselling should be targeted and tailored. For example, first-month HAART adherence can be improved by targeting patients initiated on treatment with a high CD4 count.