An assessment of immunoreactive epidermal growth factor in urine of patients with urological diseases

To examine the excretion of urinary epidermal growth factor (EGF) in urological diseases and the relationship of EGF urine levels with transitional cell carcinoma (TCC), we measured the concentration of EGF by radioimmunoassay. The series comprised patients with active TCC (n=50), others in tumor-free status (n=29) and with non-neoplastic inflammatory diseases (n=43), and normal controls (n=50). Urinary EGF values were lower in patients with urological diseases of different etiologies than in normal controls (P<0.005). Mean EGF levels of patients who had previous bladder tumor resection (n=21) were not statistically different from normal controls (P=0.2). For patients with active TCC, EGF urine levels showed a significant inverse relationship to increasing tumor grade (P=0.02). In addition, subjects who had received nephrectomy for pelvic carcinoma (n=8) showed significantly lower mean EGF values than those with intact kidneys (n=21), irrespective of sex (P<0.05). Immunostaining of EGF on non-neoplastic kidney (n=9) revealed reactivity in the distal convoluted tubules and thick ascending limbs of Henle. Our results suggest that the kidney is the major source of urinary EGF. Its excretion in urine is decreased in both inflammatory and neoplastic diseases of the urinary tract. EGF may play an important part in the biological activity of TCC. Further study is indicated to investigate the monitoring of EGF urine levels as a marker of recurrence for EGF receptor-positive TCC.     

Renin-producing renal cell carcinomas—clinical and experimental investigations on a special form of renal hypertension

Summary The pathogenetic relationship between tumour and hypertension was investigated in 129 patients with renal cell carcinoma, of whom 41 (31.8%) were hypertensive. Of these 41 patients with renal tumours and hypertension, 6 (14.6%) were found to have primary reninism. In these patients the plasma renin activity in blood from the renal veins showed a tumour kidney to contralateral kidney ratio of between 4 and 7, and 2 patients also had secondary hyperaldosteronism. In the same 6 cases the renin content in the renal tumour tissue was significantly higher than that in tissue from the adjacent tumour-free renal cortex of the ipsilateral kidney. Immunohistochemical demonstration of renin in the tumour was only possible in these 6 cases. In 5 of these patients blood pressure returned to normal following nephrectomy; in the 6th case there was a drop in blood pressure after nephrectomy. In 3 renin-positive tumours examined, autonomous renin production was demonstrated in cell culture. Renin-producing renal cell carcinomas are an uncommon cause of renal hypertension. The differential diagnosis of hypertension should therefore also include renal tumour.     

胎牛主动脉内皮细胞LDL受体分析

培养的胎牛主动脉内皮细胞具有可饱和性、高亲和性和配体持异性的LDL受体。该受体最大结合容量(Bmax)为378ng/mg细胞蛋白,平衡亲和常数(kd)为13μg/ml据估计,每个细胞表面的受体数目为8～9万。我们初步发现亚融合和融合但失去“接触抑制”特点的FBAE的LDL受体活性无明显差异。     

In vitro radiation sensitivity of the lncap prostatic tumor cell line

Because there is extremely limited information on the intrinsic radiosensitivity of human prostatic cancer cells, we have investigated the in vitro radiation response of exponentially growing LNCaP cells. Due to the very poor colony-forming potential of the LNCaP cells, radiation survival was investigated using the dose-dependent (0-6 Gy) changes seen after X-irradiation in the shapes of regrowth curves. Survival was described using both the single-hit, multitarget (SHMT) equation and the linear-quadratic (LQ) equation. The values and 95% confidence limits of the extrapolation number (n), quasi-threshold dose (D_q), and mean lethal dose (D_o) in SHMT terminology were respectively: 0.9 (0.7-1.0), 0.0 Gy, and 1.39 (0.11) Gy. The LQ alpha and beta parameters were respectively 6.80 (1.13) and -0.53 (2.89). The X-ray dose response of the LNCaP line is, therefore, purely exponential. The mean survival at the clinically relevant dose of 2 Gy (S₂) was 51.2% for the LNCaP line. Comparison of the S₂ value for the LNCaP line with previous investigations with other human prostatic cancer cell lines (DU145 and PC-3) indicates a mean S₂ value of 47.6%, which suggests that human prostate cancer cells might lie toward the resistant side of the spectrum for various classes of human neoplasms. © 1994 Wiey-Liss, Inc.     

Isolated polyarteritis nodosa of the male reproductive system associated with a germ cell tumor of the testis: a case report

Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) presents mostly as a systemic disease with poor prognosis, rarely in an isolated form with a usually favorable outcome. Both forms may affect the male reproductive system and both forms have been associated with malignancies. We describe for the first time the occurrence of isolated PAN in the reproductive system combined with a mixed germ cell tumor of the testis in a 21-year-old man presenting with symptoms of chronic epididymitis. Two years after surgery he is without evidence of recurrence of either the tumor or PAN.     

诱导兔骨髓基质细胞向神经干细胞分化的初步实验研究

目的：观察兔骨髓基质细胞体外培养的生长行为及增殖、分化情况，探讨由骨髓分离培养神经干细胞的可行性和有效性。方法：无菌条件下行骨穿术，密度梯度离心分离获取骨髓基质细胞，利用多种增殖、分化诱导因子和神经干细胞培养液进行培养、分化诱导，用免疫细胞化学方法进行鉴定。结朵：骨髓基质细胞在体外培养中能形成NESTIN抗原阳性的细胞克隆团，进一步分化，部分细胞胞体增大并出芽，逐渐发育成为较成熟的长突起细胞，长突起相互连接、交织成网并建立纤维联系。结论：骨髓基质细胞具有较强的自我更新能力和多向分化潜能，易于取材、体外培养和增殖，在一定诱导条件下可以生成神经干细胞。     

Sertoli细胞诱导大鼠肝内胰岛移植物免疫豁免的实验研究

目的 探究睾丸Sertoli细胞能否对肝内共移植的胰岛移植物提供免疫豁免作用以及共移植的睾丸Sertoli细胞最佳数量。方法将同种大鼠胰岛及不同数量的睾丸Sertoli细胞同时移植于糖尿病受体的肝内,观察移植物存活情况、胰岛功能、并检测移植物内胰岛素和Fas配体(FasL)表达以及浸润淋巴细胞凋亡情况。结果单纯胰岛移植组平均存活期为(5.6±0.8)d,同时与胰岛细胞在肝内共移植的睾丸细胞数增加至1×107个时,平均存活期为(41.4±4.61)d,明显延长(P<0.05),胰岛移植物中有大量表达FasL的睾丸细胞和表达胰岛素的胰岛细胞.在移植物周围有大量浸润的淋巴细胞凋亡。结论睾丸Sertoli细胞与胰岛细胞同时在肝内共移植,通过诱导局部豁免而延长胰岛移植物的存活时间,且同时共移植1×107个Sertoli细胞时效果最好。     

三氧化二砷与维甲酸联合作用在NB4,MR2细胞系中的体外研究

目的：观察三氧化二砷(As2O3)和全反式维甲酸(ATRA)联合作用对NB4，MR2不同亚型急性早幼粒白血病细胞株，诱导分化、增殖、凋亡的影响。方法:以NB4，MR2为体外模型，利用细胞生长曲线、台盼蓝拒染法、MTT法、NBT、细胞形态Wrigh‘s-Gimesa染色，观察细胞增殖、分化、凋亡的相互作用。结果：NB4细胞株：0．5μmol/L As2O3与10^-6mol/L ATRA对细胞增殖、分化、凋亡呈现拮抗，而0．5μmol/L As2O3与(10^-7--10^-8mol/L)ATRA呈现协同；MR2细胞株：0．5μmol/L As2O3与10^-6mol/L ATRA对细胞增殖、分化、凋亡呈现协同。结论：As2O3与全反式维甲酸协同效应呈现不同细胞、剂量的特异性，MR2细胞株协同效应明显强于NB4细胞株。     

复方丹参滴丸对急慢性高粘滞血症模型血管内皮细胞分泌功能的影响

目的：观察复方丹参滴丸对高粘滞血症血管内皮分泌功能的影响，探索其作用机制。方法：复合因素(高分子右旋糖酐、肾上腺素、牛血清白蛋白)、长时间(112天)造成高粘滞血症慢性模型；一次性静脉注射高分子右旋糖酐。皮下注射(sc)肾上腺素造成急性高粘滞血症模型，分别用复方丹参滴丸进行治疗，观察血管肉皮细胞分泌功能的变化。结果：慢性高粘滞血症模型血浆血栓素B2(TXB2)和内皮素(ET)浓度非常显升高，而6-酮-前列腺素F1x(6-酮)浓度非常显降低；急性高粘滞血症模型血管内皮分泌功能无显变化；长期使用复方丹参滴丸能调整、改善血管内皮分泌功能的异常状态；复方丹参滴丸改善血管内皮分泌功能的即时效应不显。