HPLC法测定盐酸美沙酮含量

本文采用高效液相色谱法，以盐酸布比卡因为内标，检测波长220nm，在Symmetry-C18柱上，以己腈-磷酸二氢钾（pH2．5）（3862，V／V）为流动相，测定盐酸美沙酮及其口服液的含量。方法平均回收率为100．17％，日内及日间的RSD均＜1％。方法简便、快速、准确。     

Cytomorphometric analysis of vaginal cells during normal cycle, under oral contraceptive therapy or in-vitro fertilization stimulation protocol

A cytomorphometric analysis of superficial vaginal cells inwomen in three groups of different types of hormonal concentrationwas made. There were 15 women in each group. Group I was studiedduring a natural cycle, group II under oral contraceptive therapyand group III during an in-vitro fertilization (IVF) stimulationprotocol. Morphometric parameters were measured on an imageanalyser. The area, perimeter and several form factors weremeasured separately for nuclei and cytoplasm. The nucleus:cytoplasmicratio was also determined. The cytoplasmic area was significantlyreduced in group II and was associated with a statisticallysignificant reduction of the nuclear area. The nucleus:cytoplasmicratio appeared significantly increased in group II and reducedin group III. Low oestradiol impregnation obtained with an oralminidosed contraceptive interfered with vaginal cell maturation.High oestradiol concentrations obtained during IVF protocolsinduced marked nuclear pycnosis but did not induce supra-physiologicalcell enlargement. Maximal cell size is genetically regulatedaccording to Driesch's law of volume invariance and hormonalover-stimulation has no effect on cell size. The nucleus:cytoplasmicratio appears to be a powerful parameter reflecting the oppositeeffects of hormones on cell compartments.     

The interactive role of mucosal T lymphocytes in intestinal growth, development and enteropathy

Abstract Over the past 15–20 years, research has progressively focused on the mucosal T cell as the central factor in the initiation of physiological or pathological changes, first in the growth and maturation of the early (postnatal) intestine, and second in adult-type enteropathies resulting from sensitivity to either food or pathogen-derived antigens. T cell-mediated events may be measured, for example, in terms of specific immunopathologic patterns of change and injury, such as type 1 (lymphocyte infiltration), type 2 (crypt hyperplasia) and type 3 (flat-destructive), which can be recognized and quantitated microscopically; by determination of lymphocyte reactivity through secretion of interleukin-2 receptors (IL-2R) into plasma or expression by mucosal lymphocytes; by quantitation of lymphocyte subsets emigrating into inflamed tissues by immunoperoxidase-labelled monoclonal antibodies; or by the determination of T cell receptor polymorphisms. Alterations in intestinal growth, structure and function at weaning are likely to be T cell-mediated as they are analogous to the same type 1/2 lesions that reflect modulation of adult mucosal architecture in food and parasite-induced hypersensitivity reactions. Enteropathies associated with HIV infection and T cell deficiency display a milder degree of villous flattening and impaired crypt hyperplasia than that typical of gluten-sensitivity, suggesting a reversion to lesser degrees of mucosal pathology (type 1/2). Clearly more information will accrue; meanwhile the remarks in this brief survey should provide a firm basis whereby clinician and scientist can meet, and together recognize and further dissect the modulatory effect of T lymphocytes on mucosal structure and function.     

枢复宁在肺癌患者体内的药物动力学和生物利用度

９名接受顺铂化疗的原发性肺癌患者单次口服和静脉注射枢复宁８ｍｇ后，用反相高效液相色谱法测定血浆药物浓度。经用ＰＫＢＰ－Ｎ１程序在计算机上拟合计算表明，枢复宁在人体内表现为二房室模型。口服后主要药动学参数：Ｔ１／２Ｋａ＝０．４１±０．３０ｈ，Ｔ１／２α＝０．９±０．４３ｈ，Ｔ１／２β＝３．３±１．２ｈ，Ｃｍａｘ＝２８．６±９．５ｎｇ／ｍｌ，Ｔｍａｘ＝１．７±０．９ｈ，ＡＵＣ＝１５８±７３ｎｇ·ｈ／ｍｌ，绝对生物利用度为５５％。     

A Comparison of Oral and Rectal Absorption of L-Dopa Esters in Rats and Mice

Short-chain alkyl esters of L-dopa were administered to rats and mice via oral and rectal routes. Plasma L-dopa esters and L-dopa were determined in the systemic and portal circulation by HPLC. A comparison of isopropyl, butyl, and 4-hydroxybutyl esters of L-dopa demonstrated significantly higher levels of the esters in both systemic and portal blood samples following rectal administration than following oral administration. In most cases, oral administration resulted in nondetectable (<0.01 µg/ml) levels of the esters in plasma. Correspondingly, the plasma levels of L-dopa itself were consistently higher following rectal administration. At very high oral doses (500 mg L-dopa equivalents/kg body weight), systemic plasma levels of the butyl ester could be detected (1.25 µg/ml at 10 min), which might indicate saturation of the esterase activity of the small intestine. These studies indicate that the systemic availability of L-dopa from short-chain alkyl esters of L-dopa may be best optimized by rectal administration, which avoids the relatively high esterase activity characteristic of the small intestine.     

Pharmacokinetics of orally administered norethisterone enanthate in rabbit, monkey, and women

Norethisterone enanthate (NET-En), an established intramuscular long-acting contraceptive agent, has previously been shown to be effective in inhibiting fertility in two rodent species even 4 days after oral ingestion. Pharmacokinetics of NET and NET-En were studied after oral and intramuscular doses in two animal species and a few women. The results suggest that the NET-En was absorbed within a day in all the species after oral dose. The estimates of relative bioavailability ranged from 13 to 51% in rabbits, monkeys, and women. The elimination half-life was 5–10 days. The presence of the active component, NET, in the circulation over the experimental period of 15 days suggests that NET-En could be useful as a long-acting oral pill. The suppression of progesterone levels during the luteal phase of menstrual cycle in women also supports this finding.     

Expression of c-erbB-2 protein in keratinocytes of oral mucosal lichen planus and subsequent squamous cell carcinoma

Oral mucosal lichen planus (OMLP) is a well recognized mucosal disease with unknown etiology. Considerable controversy exists as to whether OMLP is intrinsically premalignant, or if the disorder facilitates the development of oral mucosal squamous cell carcinoma (OMSCC) by external factors. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of c-erbB-2 protein in the keratinocytes of initial biopsies of oral mucosal disorders diagnosed as OMLP with no evidence of epithelial dysplasia. and to compare the results with the expression of c-erbB-2 protein in subsequent biopsies obtained from the same patients. These results were compared with the findings from control groups (patients with dysplasia with no evidence of OMLP, patients with OMSCC with no evidence of OMLP and normal oral mucosa). The expression of the c-erbB-2 protein was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining of the gene product with the avidin-biotin-complex method using paraffin-embedded tissue sections. Five of the initial biopsies from patients with OMLP expressed the c-erhB-2 protein and one did not. None of the OMLP cases that subsequently showed evidence of dysplasia expressed the c-erhB-2 protein, and of the three OMSCC specimens from the patients with OMLP. two were negative and one expressed c-erbB-2 protein. The specimens from the control groups all expressed the c-erhB-2 protein. The results indicated the probability of the absence of c-erbB-2 staining being an indication of a potential for neoplastic transformation in OMLP with dysplastic changes.     

环丙沙星滴眼剂在家兔眼内组织分布及其药物动力学

环丙沙星（ｃｉｐｒｏｆｌｏｘａｃｉｎ，ＣＰＦＸ）滴眼液点入兔眼后，用ＨＰＬＣ法测定眼内各组织中药物浓度。结果在角膜、房水、虹膜－睫状体、晶体、玻璃体内峰浓度值分别为１９．４３μｇ／ｇ，１．５８μｇ／ｍｌ，１６．６８μｇ／ｇ，１．４２μｇ／ｇ和０．９６μｇ／ｍｌ；其半衰期分别为０．７６，０．６９，０．９２，０．６１和１．４０ｈ。结果表明ＣＰＦＸ能在眼内达到较高的抗菌浓度。     

高效液相色谱-荧光检测法测定血浆总同型半胱氨酸浓度

目的 :建立测定血浆总同型半胱氨酸的高效液相色谱 (HPLC) 荧光检测分析方法。方法 :用TCEP将血浆中各种形式的同型半胱氨酸 (Hcy)还原成总同型半胱氨酸 (tHcy) ,以光胺作内标 ,巯基特异性荧光衍生剂SBD F对Hcy ,胱胺等含巯基化合物进行柱前衍生 ,然后行HPLC 荧光检测。结果 :本方法所检测的Hcy浓度在 2 .5～ 16 0 μmol·L- 1 范围具有良好的线性关系 (r =0 .9975 ) ,Hcy最低检测限 0 .6 2 5 μmol·L- 1 ,批内变异小于 5 .5 % ,批间变异小于 9.0 % ,平均回收率 98.87%。结论 :本法简便、灵敏、精确、稳定     

Effect of Prevention and Treatment of Murine Acute Viral Myocarditisand Protection of Lymphoid Organ Atrophy withXinkang Oral Liquid (心康口服液)

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