腹腔镜治疗阑尾周围脓肿25例报告

目的：探讨腹腔镜手术治疗阑尾周围脓肿的手术方法及临床疗效。方法：回顾分析2010年4月至2013年4月为25例阑尾周围脓肿患者行腹腔镜手术的临床资料。其中18例行阑尾切除加脓肿病灶清除术，7例行脓肿引流术。结果：25例均顺利完成腹腔镜手术，手术时间平均（60．25±30．12）min，平均住院（7．53±3．44）d。术后2例发生切口脂肪津化，切口延迟愈合：余均无并发症发生。结论：腹腔镜手术治疗阑尾周围脓肿是安全、可行的，应根据患者病情采取合适的术式。     

Spinal epidural abscesses – The role for non-operative management: A systematic review

BackgroundSpinal Epidural Abscesses (SEAs) are traditionally seen as a surgical emergency. However, SEAs can be discovered in entirely asymptomatic patients. This presents a dilemma for the attending clinician as to whether to subject these patients to significant surgery. This systematic review updates the evidence surrounding the efficacy of non-operative SEA management by means of intravenous antibiotics ± radiologically-guided aspiration.Aims1. To assess failure rates of medical therapy for SEA. The absolute definition of ‘failure’ used by the study was recorded, and comparisons made. 2. To review of risk factors for success/failure of medical treatment for SEA.MethodsA database search with the MESH term ‘epidural abscess’ and keywords [‘treatment’ OR ‘management’] were used.Results14 studies were included. The number of SEA patients managed non-operatively ranged from 19 to 142. There was significant heterogeneity across the studies. Pooled Failure of Medical Therapy (FMT) (defined as any poor outcome) was 29.40%. When FMT = mortality the pooled rate was 11.49%. Commonly cited risk factors for FMT included acute neurological compromise, diabetes mellitus, increasing age and Staphylococcus aureus.ConclusionSEA will always be a condition mostly managed surgically. Despite this, there is growing evidence that non-operative management can be possible in the correct patients. The key is in patient selection – patients with any of the above-mentioned risk factors have the potential to deteriorate further on medical treatment and have a worse outcome than if they had undergone emergency surgery straight away. Ongoing research will hopefully further investigate this crucial step.     

Splenic Abscess Complicating Infective Endocarditis: Three Case Reports

We present three case-reports of splenic abscess in patients who were initially diagnosed with bacterial endocarditis. In all cases the diagnosis of splenic abscess was based on the findings of abdominal CT scan or MRI. All patients were treated by laparotomy and splenectomy. Two patients fully recovered and one patient, who suffered from splenic rupture and massive blood loss before surgery, died.

Splenic abscess is a well-described but rare complication of infective endocarditis. Rapid diagnosis and treatment are essential as its course can prove fatal.

Abdominal CT scan or MRI should be performed if there is clinical suspicion of splenic abscedation. Immediate splenectomy combined with appropriate antibiotics and valve replacement surgery is the treatment of choice. Splenic tissue is very fragile — especially if the abscess is located subcapsular — and a splenic rupture can result from minimal trauma. If the patient’s general state allows it, it is best to perform splenectomy prior to valve replacement surgery to prevent re-infection of the valve prosthesis. A combined one-stage procedure is also an option.     

帕瑞昔布钠和曲马多在肛周脓肿术中超前镇痛的效果比较

肛周脓肿是肛肠外科常见病和多发病，手术是主要治疗手段，其手术创面通常较大，间隙较深，术后疼痛常较剧烈，因此短期内常需反复依靠镇痛药缓解疼痛。超前镇痛是指在伤害性刺激作用于机体之前采取一定的措施，防治神经中枢敏化，减少或消除伤害引起的疼痛[1]。目前已越来越多地应用于临床，并显示出较好的术后镇痛效果。本研究对帕瑞昔布钠和盐酸曲马多在肛周脓肿术中超前镇痛的临床疗效和不良反应进行比较，为临床实际问题提供解决方案。     

Transmission of Streptococcus equi Subspecies zooepidemicus Infection from Horses to Humans

Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus (S. zooepidemicus) is a zoonotic pathogen for persons in contact with horses. In horses, S. zooepidemicus is an opportunistic pathogen, but human infections associated with S. zooepidemicus are often severe. Within 6 months in 2011, 3 unrelated cases of severe, disseminated S. zooepidemicus infection occurred in men working with horses in eastern Finland. To clarify the pathogen’s epidemiology, we describe the clinical features of the infection in 3 patients and compare the S. zooepidemicus isolates from the human cases with S. zooepidemicus isolates from horses. The isolates were analyzed by using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, multilocus sequence typing, and sequencing of the szP gene. Molecular typing methods showed that human and equine isolates were identical or closely related. These results emphasize that S. zooepidemicus transmitted from horses can lead to severe infections in humans. As leisure and professional equine sports continue to grow, this infection should be recognized as an emerging zoonosis.     

Huge Amoebic Liver Abscess Presented with Massive Right Empyema: A Case Report

Amoebic liver abscess is a complication of amoebiasis that needs early diagnosis and proper treatment before further complications occur. We report a-35 year old female presented by fever and dyspnea due to huge liver abscess complicated by massive right side empyema. The patient was effectively treated by percutaneous drainage for both the right lobe abscess and empyema together with pharmacologic agents.     

A Case of Pylephlebitis Secondary to Cecal Diverticulitis

Background: Pylephlebitis, which has high rates of morbidity and mortality, is thrombosis in the hepatic and portal veins. Hypercoagulability and intra-abdominal sepsis can lead to pylephlebitis, which can progress to liver abscess, mesenteric ischemia, and infarction. Case Report: A 47-year-old man presented to the Emergency Department complaining of fever, epigastric pain, and jaundice. He was diagnosed with pylephlebitis secondary to diverticulitis, as well as having a diverticular abscess, and was treated with antibiotic therapy without surgery or anticoagulation. Conclusion: Early diagnosis is essential for the treatment of pylephlebitis. Antibiotics and anticoagulants are the mainstay of treatment for pylephlebitis; although the use of anticoagulants remains controversial. In the present case, pylephlebitis was treated successfully without anticoagulants.