复方天棘胶囊对老龄鼠血气影响的研究

本研究选用昆明种老龄鼠５０只，随机分为正常对照组、阳性对照组和复方天棘胶囊高、中、低剂量组；每组１０只。观察灌服复方天棘胶囊溶液对实验性老龄鼠血气的影响。结果表明，老龄鼠灌服２．０、１．０和０．５ｇ／ｋｇ体重复方天棘胶囊溶液及５．０ｇ／ｋｇ体重红参水煎液１０天后，复方天棘胶囊各剂量组均有不同程度的升高动脉血氧分压（ＰａＯ＿２）和血氧饱和度（ＳａＯ＿２）的作用；且随剂量的递增，ＰａＯ＿２和ＳａＯ＿２明显升高，其中高剂量组升高ＰａＯ＿２和ＳａＯ＿２的作用最为明显（Ｐ＜０．０１）；红本组ＳａＯ＿２也有明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示复方天棘胶囊具有升高ＰａＯ＿２和ＳａＯ＿２的作用。     

抗肿瘤药复方三生注射液的研究

复方三生注射液是由生附片等六味中药组成的静注用灭菌水溶液。本文综合报道了该制剂的制备方法,质量分析,抗肺癌作用的药理及临床等研究的主要内容。结果表明,本品是治疗中晚期肺癌有效的中药复方注射剂。     

Characteristics of β-endorphin-induced histamine release from rat serosal mast cells Comparison with neurotensin,dynorphin and compound 48/80

Summary Rat peritoneal mast cells were exposed to the neurohormone and basic opioid peptide -endorphin. -Endorphin induced a dose-dependent release of histamine from the mast cells. A significant histamine release was found at 5 mol/l of -endorphin and maximal release (35% of total) at 20 mol/l. The histamine release process was very rapid and terminated within 30 s at 37°C, and in this sense is very similar to the histamine release induced by compound 48/80 or neurotensin. The histamine release was temperature-dependent showing an optimum release around 30°C, and it was independent of available extracellular calcium, but was inhibited in the presence of high extracellular calcium concentrations. Naloxone, only in very high concentrations (10 mmol/l), inhibited the release, and the very same concentration also inhibited the neurotensin — as well as the compound 48/80-induced histamine release. Cromoglycate and benzalkoniumchloride, a 48/80 antagonist, both produced a progressive dose-dependent inhibition of -endorphin-, neurotensin- as well as compound 48/80-induced histamine release. Taken together, the findings indicate that the opioid peptide -endorphin induces a selective, energy-dependent release of histamine from peritoneal rat mast cells. The pattern of release has much in common with that of compound 48/80 and other basic peptides, such as neurotensin and substance P. In addition this pattern of release is similar to that induced by dynorphin. Send offprint requests to Anita Sydbom at the above address     

Correlation-based decomposition of surface electromyograms at low contraction forces

The paper studies a surface electromyogram (SEMG) decomposition technique suitable for identification of complete motor unit (MU) firing patterns and their motor unit action potentials (MUAPs) during low-level isometric voluntary muscle contractions. The algorithm was based on a correlation matrix of measurements, assumed unsynchronised (uncorrelated) MU firings, exhibited a very low computational complexity and resolved the superimposition of MUAPs. A separation index was defined that identified the time instants of an MU's activation and was eventually used for reconstruction of a complete MU innervation pulse train. In contrast with other decomposition techniques, the proposed approach worked well also when the number of active MUs was slightly underestimated, if the MU firing patterns partly overlapped and if the measurements were noisy. The results on synthetic SEMG show 100% accuracy in the detection of innervation pulses down to a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 10 dB, and 93±4.6% (mean± standard deviation) accuracy with 0 dB additive noise. In the case of real SEMG, recorded with an array of 61 electrodes from biceps brachii of five subjects at 10% maximum voluntary contraction, seven active MUs with a mean firing rate of 14.1 Hz were identified on average.     

Mast cell populations in the chick embryo lung and their response to compound 48/80 and dexamethasone

Summary Two mast cell populations, connective tissue mast cells (CTMCs) and mucosal mast cells, (MMCs) containing different proteoglycans in their granules, can be distinguished in several animal species by means of histochemical methods. In this study we documented the presence of these two types of mast cell in the chick embryo lung, from the 15th incubation day for the MMCs, and from the 18th incubation day for the CTMCs. Lungs of embryos treated with compound 48/ 80, which produces degranulation of the CTMCs, showed a decrease in the number of this type of mast cell and an unchanged number of MMCs. In the lungs of embryos treated with dexamethasone, which degranulates MMCs, a reduction in the number of these cells and an unchanged number of the CTMs were found.     

Inhibitory effect of DS-4574, a peptidoleukotriene antagonist with mast cell stabilizing action,on compound 48/80-induced gastric mucosal lesions in rats

We evaluated the inhibitory effect of DS-4574, a peptidoleukotriene antagonist with mast cell stabilizing action, on rat gastric mucosal lesions induced by compound 48/80 (C48/80: a mast cell degranulator), in comparison with those of disodium cromoglycate (DSCG: a mast cell stabilizer), LY171883 (a peptidoleukotriene antagonist) and cimetidine (a histamine H₂ receptor antagonist). Subcutaneous administration of C48/80 (1 mg/kg) once daily for four consecutive days produced extensive gastric lesions in the fundic mucosa. DS-4574 (20, 50 and 100 mg/kg/day, oral) and DSCG (200 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneal) treatment markedly inhibited formation of these mucosal lesions, but LY171883 (100 and 200 mg/kg/day, oral) and cimetidine (400 mg/kg/day, oral) treatment did not. Moreover, DS-4574 and DSCG significantly suppressed both hyperhistaminemia and histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells induced by C48/80. These results indicate that the inhibitory effect of DS-4574 on gastric lesions induced by C48/80 may be related to its mast cell stabilizing action, but to neither its antisecretory nor its peptidoleukotriene antagonistic activity.     

糖皮质激素对膝关节周围成骨细胞一氧化氮合酶和骨重建的影响

目的研究糖皮质激素对膝关节成骨细胞一氧化氮合酶表达和软骨下骨质重建的影响。方法取健康SD大鼠24只，体重（0．45±0．02）kg，随机分为实验组（A组）和对照组（B组），每组12只。实验组每周一次左膝关节腔内注射复方倍他米松0．02ml／kg，对照组每周一次左膝关节腔内注射生理盐水0．02ml／kg。4周时对两组大鼠的左侧膝关节股骨成骨细胞的诱生型一氧化氮合酶（inducible nitric oxide synthase，iNOS）和内皮细胞型一氧化氮合酶（endothelial nitric oxide synthase，eNOS）免疫组织化学研究，测定其平均灰度值和平均积分光密度，同时进行左胫骨软骨下骨质显微结构观察。结果实验组和对照组iNOS免疫组化的结果均为阴性，实验组eNOS的表达显著低于对照组（P〈0．01），实验组左胫骨的软骨下骨质旱骨质疏松特征。结论糖皮质激素对膝关节成骨细胞内皮细胞型一氧化氮合酶的表达和软骨下骨质生成有明显的抑制作用。     

复方补血胶囊中葡萄糖酸亚铁的含量测定

目的：复方补血胶囊中葡萄糖酸亚铁的含量测定。方法：根据Fe^2 与邻二氮菲显色,在510nm处有最大吸收,利用分光光度法测定。结果：葡萄糖亚铁在7－34μg/ml的浓度范围内线性关系良好（r=0.9999),回收率、日内变异均符合要求,结论：建立了复方补血胶囊中葡萄糖酸亚铁的含量测定方法。     

复方苁蓉益智胶囊联合奥拉西坦治疗老年阿尔茨海默病的临床疗效

目的：分析复方苁蓉益智胶囊联合奥拉西坦治疗老年阿尔茨海默病的临床疗效。方法：选取2018年1月至2021年9月北京市隆福医院收治的148例老年阿尔茨海默病患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法简单随机化分为对照组和观察组,每组74例。对照组采用奥拉西坦胶囊进行治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上联合复方苁蓉益智胶囊治疗,均治疗3个月。比较2组患者临床疗效、氧化应激指标、炎症介质、病情严重程度、胆碱能神经递质水平、血液流变学指标及简易精神状态量表（MMSE）评分。结果：治疗后,观察组总有效率高于对照组（P<0.05）。与治疗前比较,治疗后2组患者血清超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、乙酰胆碱（ACh）、胆碱酯酶（AChE）水平、MMSE及画钟试验评分、即刻记忆、回忆、注意力及计算力、地点定向力、时间定向力、语言评分升高,观察组高于对照组（均P<0.05）;2组患者血清丙二醛（MDA）、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、核因子κB水平及临床痴呆量表（CDR）评分、全血高切黏度、全血低切黏度、红细胞聚集指数降低,观察组低于对照组（均P<0.05）。结论：复方苁蓉益智胶囊联合奥拉西坦可有效减轻老年阿尔茨海默病患者机体炎症反应和氧化应激反应,缓解患者病情进展,调节神经递质水平和血液流变学,改善其认知功能,具有较好的治疗效果。     

来曲唑联合复方玄驹胶囊治疗肥胖性少弱精子症的临床疗效观察

目的观察来曲唑、枸橼酸氯米芬分别联合复方玄驹胶囊及维生素E治疗肥胖性少弱精子症的临床疗效。方法选取2018年8月至2020年8月在洛阳市妇幼保健院生殖医学研究所就诊的188例肾阳不足型肥胖性少弱精子症患者,随机分为来曲唑联合组(A组)和枸橼酸氯米芬联合组(B组)各94例,疗程为3个月,以精子浓度、精子前向运动百分率和生殖激素(FSH、LH、E 2、T)水平为观察指标进行治疗前、后疗效评估。结果精液质量上,治疗前,两组患者的精子浓度和前向运动百分率均无显著性差异;治疗3个月后,两组患者均有显著提升,且A组患者的精子浓度[(26.32±2.59)×10⁶/ml vs.(21.48±3.37)×10⁶/ml]显著高于B组,即A组精子浓度增加更加显著(P<0.05)。生殖激素水平的比较:与治疗前相比,治疗后A组患者的LH[(5.31±2.24)U/L vs.(3.84±1.47)U/L]及T[(1.73±0.06)nmol/L vs.(1.12±0.05)nmol/L]水平显著升高(P<0.05),E 2水平[(152.16±55.89)pmol/L vs.(206.69±60.44)pmol/L]显著下降(P<0.05),T/E 2比值显著升高(P<0.05);B组中仅有T水平[(1.53±0.07)nmol/L vs.(1.17±0.06)nmol/L]显著改善,且A组E 2水平与T/E 2比值显著高于B组(P<0.05)。结论对于肾阳不足型肥胖性少、弱精子症,尤其是高E 2而T/E 2值相对较低的患者,以来曲唑为主效药物的联合用药在提高精子数量、改善精子活力方面具有显著效果,值得临床推广。