Rearranged Abietane Diterpenoids from Clerodendrum Mandarinorum

Abstract

Five new abietane derivatives which have a commonly rearranged abietane skeleton contained a 17(15 → 16),18(4 → 3)-diabeo-abietane framework, mandarones D–H, were isolated from the stem of Clerodendrum mandarinorum Diels (Verbenaceae). The structures were characterized as (16S)-12,16-epoxy-11-hydroxy-17(15 → 16),18(4 → 3)-diabeo-abieta-3,5,8,11,13-pentaene-7-one (mandarone D, 1), 12,16-epoxy-11,14-dihydroxy-17(15 → 16),18(4 → 3)-diabeo-abieta-3,5,8,11,13,15-hexaene-7-one (mandarone E, 2), 12,16-epoxy-6,11,14-trihydroxy-17(15 → 16),18(4 → 3)-diabeo-abieta-3,5,8,11,13,15-hexaene-7-one (mandarone F, 3), 12,16-epoxy-11,14-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-17(15 → 16),18(4 → 3)-diabeo-abieta-3,5,8,11,13,15-hexaene-2,7-dione (mandarone G, 4) and 12,16-epoxy-11,14-dihydroxy-17(15 → 16),18(4 → 3)-diabeo-abieta-3,5,8,11,13,15-hexaene-1,7-dione (mandarone H, 5) respectively, mainly based on the spectral analysis and by comparison with those of closely related compounds.     

Constituents of the Essential Oil of Stoebe vulgaris

From the stems of Ephemerantha fimbriata a new pimarane-type diterpenoid was isolated. The structure of 1 was established as 3, 16-dihydroxy-pimar-3(4), 8(14)-dien-2, 15-dione, on the basis of spectroscopic data.     

臭牡丹总黄酮通过Keap1/Nrf2/ARE信号通路对胃癌SGC7901细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭的影响

目的:探讨臭牡丹总黄酮(total flavone of clerodendrum bungei,TFCB)通过Keap1/Nrf2/ARE信号通路对胃癌SGC7901细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭的影响。方法:用臭牡丹总黄酮溶液干预人胃癌SGC7901细胞,然后采用MTT法检测TFCB对SGC7901细胞增殖能力的影响;划痕修复及Transwell小室侵袭实验检测TFCB对SGC7901细胞迁移和侵袭能力的影响;Western blot及RT-PCR法检测TFCB对SGC7901细胞Keap1、Nrf2及maf蛋白及mRNA表达的影响。结果:低、中、高剂量组TFCB均显著抑制了SW620细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭,随着药物干预浓度的增加,抑制程度逐渐增加。与空白对照组比较,低剂量干预组TFCB处理后Nrf2及maf蛋白相对表达量均显著下降(P＜0.05),Keap1蛋白相对表达量显著升高(P＜0.05),但Keap1、Nrf2及maf mRNA表达量无显著的统计学差异(P＞0.05);高中剂量干预组TFCB处理后Nrf2及maf蛋白及mRNA相对表达量亦显著下降,Keap1蛋白及mRNA表达量显著升高,并且在高中低剂量干预组间Keap1、Nrf2及maf蛋白及mRNA相对表达量均有统计学差异(P＜0.05)。结论:TFCB可明显抑制人胃癌SGC7901细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭,且其作用机制可能与TFCB阻滞Keap1-Nrf2-ARE信号通路的信号传导,抑制通路蛋白及mRNA合成有关。     

臭牡丹根对大鼠佐剂性关节炎防治作用研究

目的：探讨臭牡丹根提取液对佐剂性关节炎的防治作用.方法：用排水法测定大白鼠佐剂性关节炎的肿胀度.结果：臭牡丹提取液5、10g/kg于致炎前3d开始腹腔给药,每日一次,连续给药27天,不仅显著抑制大鼠佐剂性关节炎的急性足爪肿胀,而且对于继发性的足爪肿胀也有明显的抑制作用.结论：臭牡丹根具有防治佐剂性关节炎的作用.     

臭牡丹总黄酮对A549细胞上皮间质转化相关蛋白的影响

目的 观察臭牡丹总黄酮对A549肺腺癌细胞上皮间质转化(epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT)相关蛋白的影响.方法 构建β-catenin真核过表达载体并转染A549细胞,将细胞分为空载组、β-catenin过表达组、空载组+臭牡丹总黄酮组、β-catenin过表达+臭牡丹总黄酮组.MTT法检测不同浓度的臭牡丹总黄酮对A549细胞体外增殖的抑制作用.实时定量PCR检测各组β-catenin mRNA的表达,Western Blot检测各组β-catenin、E-Cardherin、Vimentin的蛋白水平.结果 MTT显示A549细胞活力随臭牡丹总黄酮浓度的增加受到明显抑制,IC50为2.1 mg/mL.β-catenin过表达组较空载组的β-catenin、Vimentin表达均明显上调,E-cardherin表达下调.臭牡丹总黄酮在空载组与β-catenin过表达组均能明显降低β-catenin mRNA与蛋白水平,增加E-cardherin蛋白表达,略微降低Vimentin蛋白表达.结论 臭牡丹总黄酮对A549肺癌细胞具有一定的体外抑制增殖作用,其抗肿瘤作用的可能机制是通过调控EMT的相关蛋白从而逆转β-catenin诱导的EMT现象而起作用     

南大青叶及其混伪品生药学研究

【目的】对市售南大青叶及其常见混伪品进行鉴别,为南大青叶药材及其中药制剂质量控制提供参考。【方法】采集南大青叶药材(野生及栽培品)及其混伪品球花马蓝叶、广西马蓝叶、路边青叶,采用性状、半显微、显微鉴定方法对其进行鉴别。【结果】南大青叶正品与混伪品在性状鉴别上的差异,主要在于叶形、叶片和叶柄的长度、叶肉颜色、叶尖端、叶缘、上下表面覆盖物及气味等;在半显微鉴别上的区别,主要在于叶柄、主脉、侧脉和叶肉上的毛茸特点及叶肉上是否能看到钟乳体等;而显微鉴别特征主要在于上下表皮细胞形状、气孔轴式、腺鳞、非腺毛及结晶的类型等。【结论】性状鉴定、半显微鉴定及显微鉴定法相结合可准确鉴别、区分南大青叶及其混伪品,为南大青叶的鉴别提供理论依据。     

臭牡丹的化学成分研究

研究臭牡丹Clerodendrum bungei的化学成分。采用硅胶,Sephadex LH-20,MCI,ODS和半制备HPLC等色谱技术,从臭牡丹95%乙醇提取物中分离得到10个化合物,分别鉴定为11,12,16S-trihydroxy-7-oxo-17(15→16),18(4→3)-diabeo-abieta-3,8,11,13-tetraen-18-oic acid(1),12 S*,13R*-dihydroxy-9-oxo-octadeca-10(E)-enoic acid(2),赪桐苷A(3),trichotomoside(4),山橘脂酸(5),4'-O-methylscutellarein(6),neroplomacrol(7),butylitaconic acid(8),hexylitaconic acid(9),对羟基苯甲酸(10)。化合物1和2为新天然产物,化合物7~10为首次从该属植物中分离得到,化合物为3,5,6首次从该植物中分离得到。     

Streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats: effects of White Butterfly (Clerodendrum volubile) leaves on blood glucose levels,lipid profile and antioxidant status

White Butterfly (Clerodendrum volubile) leaf is commonly used in traditional medicine for the management of various diseases including diabetes without the full understanding of the scientific basis for its use. This study sought to evaluate the antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant effect of C. volubile leaves in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Aqueous extract of C. volubile was prepared and its effect assessed on relevant enzymes associated with diabetes. Fifty male Wistar rats were randomly separated into 10 groups each containing five rats. The induction of diabetes in rats was by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (65?mg/kg body weight) while C. volubile extract was administered orally to diabetic and non-diabetic animals, at the doses of 50, 100 and 200?mg/kg body weight for 14 days. Metformin (100?mg/kg body weight) served as positive control. Clerodendrum volubile extract inhibited α-glucosidase (IC₅₀?=?0.20?mg/ml) and α-amylase (IC₅₀?=?0.58?mg/ml). Furthermore, administration of C. volubile extract significantly reduced the elevated plasma glucose level and body weight, improved kidney functions, attenuated oxidative stress by decreasing MDA levels, enhancing superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities, reinstated the lipid profile to nearly normal level and restored pancreatic histological integrity in diabetic rats. The results reveal that C. volubile represents a source of phytochemicals that exerts their antidiabetic effects through the modulation of glycemic and atherogenic indices as well as mitigation of free-radical-mediated damage.     

Chemical compositions and repellent activity of Clerodendrum bungei Steud. essential oil against three stored product insects

BackgroundSeveral species of Verbenaceae have been widely used in medicine, and some species of Verbenaceae have been observed good insecticidal activity, such as Lantana camara and Vitex negundo. There is no report about repellent activity of Clerodendrum bungei Steud. (C. bungei) against stored product insects. The chemical composition of C. bungei essential oil (EO) were identified, repellent activity of methanol extract, EO of C. bungei and two main components of EO against T. castaneum, L. serricorne and L. bostrychophila were evaluated for the first time.ResultsEO of C. bungei was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and GC. A total of 25 components of the C. bungei EO were identified. The principal compounds in the EO were myristicin (75.0%), 2,2,7,7-Tetramethyltricyclo[6.2.1.0(1,6)]undec-4-en-3-one (4.1%) and linalool (3.4%). Results of bioassays indicated that C. bungei EO exerted strong repellent activity against three target insects. As main constituents, myristicin and linalool also had certain repellency.ConclusionThis work suggests that the EO of C. bungei has promising potential to develop into botanical repellents for the control of pest damage in warehouses and grain stores.Graphical abstract      

壮药赪桐质量标准初步研究

目的:对赪桐药材质量标准进行初步研究。方法:按2010年版《中华人民共和国药典》附录方法对赪桐的水分、总灰分、酸不溶性灰分、浸出物进行测定,并对赪桐进行薄层色谱鉴别。结果:初步拟定赪桐药材水分不得超过9%、总灰分不得超过9%、酸不溶性灰分不得超过0.5%、浸出物不得少于16.0%,并建立薄层色谱鉴别方法。结论:建立的方法可为赪桐药材质量标准的制定提供实验依据。