正常人口腔粘膜不同部位表面感觉的测试

目的 建立正常人口腔粘膜不同部位表面感觉的正常参考值，并测试各年龄组感觉值是否存在差异。方法 利用动静两点辨别觉试验，测试90例健康人口腔粘膜不同部位的表面感觉。结果 舌尖感觉功能最好，其次为舌背、舌腹、颊粘膜、口底和硬腭。健康人的口腔粘膜不同部位的表面感觉随着年龄增长有显著性变化。结论 口腔粘膜不同部位感觉辨别力存在差异，健康人口底、舌腹、舌背、颊和硬腭粘膜感觉功能有增龄性变化。     

口溃液治疗复发性口腔溃疡208例疗效观察

口溃液主要成分为三氯化铁。本品经对２０８例复发性口腔溃疡患者的临床疗效观察，总有效率为９７．１％，并具有显效迅速，作用持久、涂抹方便等优点。     

überlebensverbesserung eines unizentrischen Gesamtkollektivs aus 20 Jahren

PURPOSE: The development of overall survival of a DOSAK (German-Austrian-Swiss Cooperative Group on tumours of the maxillofacial region) clinic's overall population comprising a time period of more than 20 years (1983-2004) should be assessed. At a cutoff date (January 1st, 1997), a change from a primarily surgically based to a consequent multi-modality treatment regimen was implemented. The periods of time before and after that change should be compared. METHODS AND PATIENTS: The data of the DOSAK registry entries on 1038 patients suffering from primary untreated oral and oropharyngeal carcinomas were updated with respect to follow-up and mortality data to achieve a 100% quality of follow-up. The end point (death) was reached in 67% of the overall population. Statistical analysis was carried out by the Trium Analysis Online corporation, Munich. RESULTS: The portion of female and older tumor patients increased, more than half of all tumor patients were clearly in stage IV of the disease at first referral. The portion of patients operated on persisted approximately (80%), the portion of additional treatment modalities could be increased considerably. The fact of a bony infiltration by the tumor and the operability remained highly significantly relevant for survival in multivariate analysis, despite of multi-modality treatment. The survival rate of the patients remained significantly dependent on the clinical stage of the disease in multivariate analysis but could be improved by 10% in the clinical stages II and III and in the patients who could not be operated on. All in all, the cutoff date was statistically relevant for survival in multivariate analysis, i.[Symbol: see text]e. the change in the treatment regimen had a verifiable positive effect on the survival of a unicentric overall population. CONCLUSION: Survival improvement in an overall population via change in treatment strategy is possible in relatively short time; the clinical stages II and III and the non-operable patients have the greatest benefit from a multi-modality treatment.     

青海地区1204例口腔颌面部肿瘤,囊肿,瘤样病变分析

本文对青海地区1204例口腔颌面部肿瘤、囊肿、瘤样病变的病变部位、性质、年龄及性别进行分析。结果为良性肿瘤634例（52．66％），以血管瘤和涎腺混合瘤最多见。恶性肿瘤232例（1．27％），以鳞状细胞癌居第一位，平均患病年龄48岁，随年龄增长，逐年递增。囊肿306例（25．41％），多发生在去下腺。瘤样病变32例（2．66％），多为牙龈瘤。本组良性肿瘤女性高于男性，血管瘤居第一位。良恶性肿瘤之比为2．73∶1，与国内有关报道略有不同。     

低氧对口腔鳞癌细胞系血管内皮生长因子和MMP-2的影响

目的 :研究低氧对体外培养的口腔鳞癌细胞系血管内皮生长因子 (vascularendothelialgrowthfactor ,VEGF)和明胶酶 A(matrixmetalloproteinase 2 ,MMP 2 )的影响。 方法 :分别用酶联免疫吸附实验 (ELISA)和半定量逆转录聚合酶链反应 (RT PCR)测定了低氧处理不同时间段时口腔鳞癌细胞系TSCCa和GNM细胞的细胞中VEGF和MMP 2的活性和mRNA表达情况。结果 :低氧处理 4h时 ,VEGF和MMP 2的活性便显著增加 ,8h时达到最高 ,GNM细胞中VEGF和MMP 2分别增加 2倍和 2 .5倍 ;而TSCCa细胞中VEGF和MMP 2增加的更为明显 ,分别增加了 6倍和 4倍。RT PCR结果显示GNM细胞VEGF和MMP 2mRNA表达水平均较TSCCa细胞高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,低氧处理时在TSCCa细胞中VEGF和MMP 2增加的尤为明显。结论 :低氧可通过调节口腔鳞癌细胞VEGF和MMP 2的活性和mRNA的表达在口腔鳞癌血管形成中起重要作用     

Prevalence and localization of nodal metastases in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity: role and extension of neck dissection

Lymph node (LN) metastases represent the most important negative prognostic factor in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oral cavity, even though controversies still exist regarding their management. The aim of this study was to retrospectively analyze our experience in surgical management of SCC of the oral cavity with particular focus on the prevalence and localization of lymph nodal metastases and recurrences. The clinical records of 89 consecutive patients treated from 1983 to 2002 by concomitant surgery on both the T and N sites, excluding those undergoing salvage surgery, were reviewed. A total of 119 neck dissections (ND) were performed. Survival outcomes were calculated by the Kaplan–Meier method, while univariate comparisons by the log-rank and non-parametric tests were performed between different groups of patients. Five-year overall and determinate survivals were 50 and 57%, respectively. LN metastases were observed in 52% (56% of these showing extracapsular spread) and their presence strongly correlated with determinate survival (p < 0.0001). The prevalence of clinical and occult nodal disease was not related to the pT status. Neck levels II (59%) and I (56%) were most frequently involved. Metastases to level IV accounted for 15% of positive LN, even though 28% of them turned out to be skip metastases. Five neck recurrences were observed, only one of which was salvaged by surgery. The high prevalence of clinical and occult LN metastases in this setting suggests that ND should be performed on a nearly routine basis, even for lesions with a low-T category and a cN0 neck. Moreover, ND should always encompass level IV due to the possibility of skip metastases, particularly in tumors involving the oral tongue. In patients with a cN+ neck, levels from I to V should be addressed, particularly in the presence of metastases at levels III and IV.     

Radium-228 determination of natural waters via concentration on manganese dioxide and separation using Diphonix ion exchange resin

The objective of this work was to establish a new procedure for ²²⁸Ra determination of natural waters via preconcentration of radium on MnO₂ and separation of its daughter, ²²⁸Ac, using Diphonix ion exchange resin. Following removal of potential interferences via passage through an initial Diphonix Resin column, the first daughter of ²²⁸Ra, ²²⁸Ac, is isolated by chromatographic separation via a second Diphonix column. A holding time of >30 h for ²²⁸Ac ingrowth in between the two column separations ensures secular equilibrium. Barium-133 is used as a yield tracer. Actinium-228 is eluted from the second Diphonix Resin with 5 ml 1 M 1-Hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDPA) and quantified by addition of scintillation cocktail and LSC counting. Radium (and ¹³³Ba) from the load and rinse solutions from the 2nd Diphonix column may be prepared for alpha spectrometry (for determination of ²²³Ra, ²²⁴Ra, and ²²⁶Ra) by BaSO₄ microprecipitation and filtration. Decontamination tests indicate that U, Th, and Ra series nuclides do not interfere with these measurements, although high contents of ⁹⁰Sr (⁹⁰Y) require additional treatment for accurate measurement of ²²⁸Ra. Addition of stable Sr as a “hold back” carrier during the initial MnO₂ preconcentration step was shown to remove most ⁹⁰Sr interference.     

葡萄糖筛选试验在妊娠期糖尿病诊断及治疗中的价值

目的　探讨 5 0 g葡萄糖筛选试验 (GCT)在妊娠期糖尿病 (GDM )诊断及治疗中的价值。 方法　选择 2 0 0 0年 1月～ 2 0 0 3年 6月在我院行产前检查并分娩的 5 0 gGCT异常的孕妇 36 8例 ,按血糖值分为 5组 :≥7.8～ <8.0mmol/L为Ⅰ组 ,≥ 8.0～ <9.0mmol/L为Ⅱ组 ,≥ 9.0～ <10 .0mmol/L为Ⅲ组 ,≥ 10 .0～ <11.0mmol/L为Ⅳ组 ,≥ 11.0mmol/L为Ⅴ组。比较 5组 75 g口服葡萄糖耐量试验 (OGTT)异常的比例及需用胰岛素治疗的病例数的差异。结果　 5组GDM的发生率分别为 6 .9%、8.5 %、2 1.3%、4 7.8%和 85 .0 % ,75 gOGTT异常的发生率分别为 19.0 %、2 4 .2 %、5 1.1%、87.0 %和 90 .0 % ,且用胰岛素治疗的病例数随 5 0 gGCT血糖值的上升而增加。结论　 5 0 gGCT在GDM的诊断及治疗方案的预测方面均有重要价值。     

Double layer capacitance and a microscopic structure of electrified liquid–liquid interfaces

We develop a theory of the double layer at electrolyte–electrolyte interfaces taking in to account the microscopic structure of the interfacial region. This includes a “mixed boundary layer” where the overlapping of two space-charge regions occurs, and the effects of ion association and adsorption at the interface. Theoretical results are in good agreement with experimental data obtained for various organic solvents and electrolytes. The theory suggests a framework for the treatment of the capacitance data and establishes a relationship between experimental results and the microscopic structure of interfaces between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (ITIES).