2-Methoxyestradiol Inhibits Longitudinal Bone Growth in Normal Female Rats

2-Methoxyestradiol (2-MeO-E₂), a major metabolite of 17β-estradiol, may function as a physiological tumor suppressor and is being investigated for clinical applications. It has been reported to target rapidly dividing cells. We investigated the effects of 2-MeO-E₂ on the growth plate of young rats because normal longitudinal bone growth requires rapid proliferation of cartilage and endothelial cells. Sexually mature (3-month-old) normal female rats were treated with 2-MeO-E₂ (100 mg/kg/day) for 13 days and it was found to have no effect on uterine weight but reduced serum cholesterol. The estrogen metabolite had no effect on either cortical or cancellous bone. In contrast, 2-MeO-E₂ dramatically reduced longitudinal bone growth rate at the proximal tibia from 55 ± 2 to 20 ± 2 μm/day (P < 0.001) and growth plate thickness from 153 ± 14 to 70 ± 6 μm (P < 0.001). The latter decrease was due to significant reductions in the height of both the proliferative (P < 0.001) and the hypertrophic (P < 0.001) zones. These results in normal female rats demonstrate that 2-MeO-E₂ inhibited longitudinal bone growth but had no effect on either radial bone growth or cancellous bone turnover. 2-MeO-E₂ was shown by these studies to have the ability to discriminate between bone and cartilage, as well as between reproductive and nonreproductive estrogen-target tissues. Thus, 2-MeO-E₂ is a naturally produced estrogen metabolite that demonstrates unique tissue selectivity. Received: 21 July 1999 / Accepted: 12 January 2000     

The relationship between phalangeal bone density and vertebral deformities

Radiographic absorptiometry (RA) of the phalanges is a convenient and reliable technique for measuring bone mineral density (BMD). It needs only a radiograph of the hand, which can be sent for evaluation to a central facility, whereas other techniques require specialized equipment. We assessed the relationship between RA measurements and the presence of vertebral deformities in a population-based cohort of postmenopausal women, and to compare the results with simultaneously obtained BMD of the hip by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). A total of 389 women aged 55–84 (mean age 67.2 years, SD 8.7) were randomly selected from a large general practice. RA, DXA of the hip, and vertebral deformities in the lateral spine X-rays by vertebral morphometry were assessed. Thirty-eight women (9.8%) had severe (grade II) vertebral deformities, and their BMD at the phalanges and femoral neck was significantly lower than that of women without severe vertebral deformities. Odds ratios for the presence of severe vertebral deformities of 1.5 (95% CI: 1.1–2.1) for RA and 1.3 (95% CI: 0.9–1.9) for DXA, together with similar receiver operating characteristics curves, were found using age-adjusted logistic regression. Phalangeal BMD is related to vertebral deformities at least as closely as BMD of the femoral neck BMD. RA may therefore help to evaluate fracture risk, especially if no DXA equipment is available. Received: 21 July 1998 / Accepted: 1 July 1999     

挑刺阳性反应点治疗腰椎骨质增生38例

试用三棱针挑刺腰部阳性反应点,治疗腰椎骨质增生38例,结果有效率100%,具有疗效好,费用低,疗程短,应用方便的特点.     

深低温冷冻大段同种异体骨移植修复四肢骨肿瘤切除后大段骨缺损

目的：分析大段同种异体骨移植在治疗四肢骨肿瘤切除后骨缺损中的疗效。方法：对30例四肢骨肿瘤．按Enneking分期原则确定切除范围，进行瘤段广泛切除，大段异体骨移植修复骨缺损，平均移植骨段13．6cm，并辅以坚强内固定，对高恶性骨肿瘤进行术前、后化疗。结果：随访4～53个月，治疗满意率为85％，主要并发症是感染、局部复发、肺转移死亡，其发生率为20％，保肢率为80％。结论：大段同种异体骨移植，在治疗四肢骨肿瘤切除后骨缺损方面是一种有效可行的方法。     

艾本与放疗联合治疗恶性肿瘤骨转移的临床疗效

目的:探讨艾本(伊班膦酸钠)全身用药与局部放疗相结合治疗恶性肿瘤局限性骨转移的临床疗效.方法:80例恶性肿瘤局限性骨转移患者随机分为两组,艾本静脉滴注加局部放疗40例(治疗组);单放组40例,只采用局部放疗(对照组).结果:治疗组疼痛缓解率为92.5%,对照组疼痛缓解率为82.5%,两组间比较无明显差异(P＞0.05);溶骨病灶再钙化的有效率治疗组为76.7%,而对照组仅为27.8%,两组比较有显著性差异(P＜0.001);治疗组出现第二部位骨转移的机率明显低于对照组(P＜0.05);1年生存率治疗组明显高于对照组(P＜0.05).两组患者不良反应的发生率相似,无显著性差异(P＞0.05).结论:艾本联合放疗治疗局限性骨转移,具有止痛快、疗效确切、高效修复溶骨病灶,并能防止新转移灶的发生及较高的生存率等优点.     

乳腺癌骨髓微转移状况与ER PR VEGF 及Cath-D等因子的关系

目的:检测乳腺癌骨髓组织CK19 mRNA的表达,判断骨髓微转移状况,探讨其与各因子的关系.方法:采用RT-PCR法(一步法)检测骨髓组织中CK19 mRNA表达;用免疫组化SP法检测乳腺癌组织中ER、PR、Cath-D、C-erbB-2及VEGF的表达.结果:102例乳腺癌患者骨髓组织CK19 mRNA表达阳性率56.9%.骨髓CK19 mRNA表达随乳腺癌组织中ER及PR蛋白表达增强而降低(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);随Cath-D、VEGF蛋白表达增强而呈增高趋势(P＜0.005,P＜0.05);但与C-erbB-2表达状况无关.结论:乳腺癌骨髓微转移与癌组织中某些生物学因子表达有关;这些因子决定癌细胞的生物学行为.     

B(a)P诱导小鼠前胃癌过程中组织病理学变化

目的：探讨B(a)P诱导小鼠前胃癌过程中胃组织形态学的动态改变。方法：小鼠用5mg／ml的B(a)P灌胃，每周两次，共4周。以后每隔4周处死一部分小鼠，对胃组织进行病理组织学观察。结果：从第17周开始小鼠前胃开始出现肉眼可见的肿瘤，前胃组织由局部腺体增生、排列紊乱逐步发展为腺体普遍异常增生，形成早期胃癌，进一步发展出现进展期胃癌。结论：B(a)P诱导的小鼠前胃癌的潜伏期大约3个月左右，前胃组织病理学动态变化过程是萎缩性胃炎、不典型增生、胃癌。     

非小细胞肺癌患者淋巴结、外周血、骨髓微转移的MUC1基因诊断及临床意义

目的 :探讨非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC)患者淋巴结、外周血、骨髓微转移的MUC1基因诊断的临床意义 ,以及三者微转移之间的相关性。方法 :应用逆转录聚合酶链反应 (RT PCR)技术 ,联合检测 31例肺癌患者和 10例肺良性病变患者的淋巴结、外周血和骨髓中MUC1基因mRNA表达。结果 :本实验建立的巢式RT PCR技术的敏感性达 10 -6。术前 10例患者外周血、7例患者骨髓检测到肺癌微转移。手术取 119枚淋巴结中 6 5枚检测到肺癌微转移。肺癌患者淋巴结、外周血、骨髓微转移阳性检出率分别为 5 4 .6 %、32 .3%、2 2 .6 % ,三者之间存在正相关(P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :RT PCR法是一种特异性、敏感性均较高的肿瘤微转移检测方法 ;MUC1基因mRNA可能是检测肺癌微转移的一个有价值的指标 ,为制定治疗方案和评估预后提供重要参考依据。     

鼻咽癌骨转移的发生及预后因素分析

目的分析鼻咽癌骨转移的发生和治疗因素.方法回顾性分析我院1990～1999年间初治的935例鼻咽癌患者骨转移的发生、疗效及对预后的影响.结果本组骨转移的发生率为10%.应用单因素分析发现1992年福州分期Ⅲ～Ⅳ期、T4、N2-3、AKP＞70为影响骨转移增加的因素,多因素分析发现仅N2-3、AKP＞70为影响骨转移增加的独立因素.通过生存率分析治疗手段对预后影响发现放疗 化疗组比单纯放疗组或单纯化疗组的中位生存期延长.结论N分期增高是鼻咽癌骨转移的高危因素,放射治疗加化疗有可能改善鼻咽癌骨转移的预后.     

自体微小颗粒骨复合碱性成纤维细胞生长因子修复节段性骨缺损的实验研究

目的 探讨自体微小颗粒骨复合碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(basic fibroblast growth factor，bFGF)治疗骨缺损的效果，为其临床应用提供实验依据。方法 将36只新西兰白兔双侧桡骨中上段制成骨缺损模型，分别植入自体微小颗粒骨、bFGF和自体微小颗粒骨与bFGF的复合物，同时设空白对照组，分别手术后第2、4、8周进行大体观察，X检查及组织学检查。术后第8周进行骨密度测定，比较修复骨缺损的疗效。结果 经大体观察、组织学及X线检查发现，术后第8周自体微小颗粒骨复合bFGF能更有效地修复节段性骨缺损，对照组无骨愈合迹象。术后第8周骨密度测定证明自体微小颗粒骨复合bFGF组骨密度值明显高于对照组。结论 自体微小颗粒骨复合bFGF组成骨速度快，成骨量多，修复骨缺损的能力明显强于自体微小颗粒骨组及单纯bFGF组。