抗氧化维生素抑制甘露醇对血管损伤的动物实验研究

目的探讨抗氧化维生素对甘露醇血管损伤的作用。方法设A组为对照组,在兔耳缘静脉注射甘露醇;B、C、D组在注射前分别给予生理盐水、维生素C、维生素E。结果血管损伤程度上,A组为重度;B组为中～重度;C组未见明显病理改变;D组为轻度。结论抗氧化维生素可抑制甘露醇引起的血管内皮损伤,且维生素C较维生素E作用明显。     

Dual function of (--)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) in healthy human lymphocytes

(-)-Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a catechin polyphenol component, is the main ingredient of green tea extract. Recently, increasing attention has been given to its anti-oxidant effects. However, several studies reported the oxidative effects of EGCG, suggesting that EGCG had a dual function of anti-oxidant and pro-oxidant potentials. In this study, we examined the influences of EGCG on healthy human whole blood lymphocytes and purified blood lymphocytes using a single-cell gel electrophoresis (SCG) assay. The results showed that EGCG suppressed the DNA strand breakage in whole blood lymphocytes at concentrations from 10(-8) to 10(-5)M, while it induced DNA strand breakage at concentration of 10(-3)M. Furthermore, EGCG at concentrations of 10(-6)-10(-4)M suppressed the DNA strand breakage induced by bleomycin (BLM) and H(2)O(2) in whole blood lymphocytes. In the same range of 10(-6)-10(-4)M, EGCG increased DNA strand breakage in purified blood lymphocytes, but suppressed the DNA breakage induced by BLM at lower concentrations from 10(-8) to10(-7)M. From these findings, we propose that EGCG might have a dual function of anti-oxidant and pro-oxidant in healthy human lymphocytes, which would involved in its inhibitory effects against DNA strand breakage induced by BLM and H(2)O(2).     

Enhanced In Vitro Skin Deposition Properties of Retinyl Palmitate through Its Stabilization by Pectin

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of stabilization of retinyl palmitate (RP) on its skin permeation and distribution profiles. Skin permeation and distribution study were performed using Franz diffusion cells along with rat dorsal skin, and the effect of drug concentration and the addition of pectin on skin deposition profiles of RP was observed. The skin distribution of RP increased in a concentration dependent manner and the formulations containing 0.5 and 1 mg of pectin demonstrated significantly increased RP distributions in the epidermis. Furthermore, it was found that skin distribution of RP could be further improved by combined use of pectin and ascorbyl palmitate (AP), due largely to their anti-oxidative effect. These results clearly demonstrate that the skin deposition properties of RP can be improved by stabilizing RP with pectin. Therefore, it is strongly suggested that pectin could be used in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations as an efficient stabilizing agent and as skin penetration modulator.     

Probiotic treatment of inflammatory bowel disease: Its extent and intensity

Free radicals (reactive oxygen species, superoxides and hydroxyl radicals) lead to the development of oxidative stress because of imbalance in the amount of antioxidants. Continued development of oxidative stress leads to chronic diseases in humans. The instability in the antioxidant activities and accumulation of oxidative stress due to free radicals may occur in diseases like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Antioxidants are substances that inhibit or delay the mechanism of oxidation of molecules mediated by free radicals and also transform into lesser-active derivatives. Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms that show beneficial effects on inflamed intestine and balance the inflammatory immune responses in the gut. Probiotic strains have been reported to scavenge hydroxyl radicals and superoxide anions that are abundantly produced during oxidative stress. The most widely studied probiotic strains are Streptococcus, Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus. Probiotics cultured in broth have shown some amount of antioxidant activities. Fermented milk and soy milk, which possess starter microorganisms (probiotics), tends to increase the antioxidant activities many-fold. This review aims to discuss the in vivo and in vitro antioxidant activities of specific probiotics with various assays with respect to IBD.     

氟斑牙患者服硒后体内氟和抗氧化酶类的变化

测试了氟斑牙患者服亚硒酸钠前后血、尿、发Ｓｅ和血、尿Ｆ－，血液谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ—Ｐｘ），超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）和血清脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）。结果血、尿、发Ｓｅ含量升高，血Ｆ－降低，尿Ｆ－排泄增加，血液ＧＳＨ—Ｐｘ、ＳＯＤ活性增强，ＬＰＯ含量下降，血ＧＳＨ—Ｐｘ／ＬＰＯ和ＳＯＤ／ＬＰＯ比值升高．表明硒可拮抗体内高氟，血液抗氧化酶类活性增强。本文就其相互关系以及在氟中毒发病中的作用进行了讨论。     

In Vitro Anti-Oxidative Activities of the Various Parts of Parkia Biglobosa and GC-MS Analysis of Extracts with High Activity

The anti-oxidative activities of sequentially extracted solvent fractions of different parts of P. biglobosa were evaluated in a series of in vitro assays. Our findings indicated that all extracts had electron donating and free radical scavenging activities. But the ethanol (EtOH) extracts from all the parts demonstrated more promising anti-oxidative effects in these experimental models. Apart from the aqueous extracts of the stem bark and leaves, all other extracts exhibited hydroxyl radical scavenging (HRS) activity but the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract of the stem bark and EtOH extracts of the root and leaves possessed more powerful HRS activity than other corresponding extracts in the parts. Further, nitric oxide (NO) inhibition activities were observed in all the extracts except the EtOAc extract of the stem bark which showed pro-oxidative activity. However, the EtOH extract of the stem bark and root as well as the EtOAc extract of the leaves displayed more potent anti-NO activity than other extracts in the parts. The GC-MS analysis of the EtOH extracts revealed that the most abundant phytochemicals are pyrogallol derivatives. Data from this study suggest that the EtOH extracts from different parts of P. biglobosa contained potent anti-oxidative agents and pyrogallol could be the main bioactive constituent.     

氧化低密度脂蛋白诱导巨噬细胞泡沫化氧化损伤后血管紧张素转化酶2的表达变化及意义

目的观察氧化低密度脂蛋白(ox-LDL)诱导巨噬细胞泡沫化后血管紧张素转化酶2(ACE2)的表达变化与氧化应激损伤的关系,探讨ACE2的抗氧化作用。方法用不同浓度ox-LDL诱导小鼠巨噬细胞RAW 264.7泡沫化,油红O染色观察巨噬细胞内脂质堆积变化,并定量分析细胞内脂滴含量,通过检测细胞上清中丙二醛(MDA)含量鉴定细胞氧化损伤程度,实时定量聚合酶链反应(Real-time PCR)检测ACE2及MAS m RNA表达,化学比色法检测超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性与还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)的含量。结果不同浓度(20、40、60、80mg/L)ox-LDL处理巨噬细胞24 h,油红O染色可见巨噬细胞变大、变圆,胞质内脂滴含量呈剂量依赖性增加;用60mg/L ox-LDL诱导巨噬细胞泡沫化模型组中MDA含量较对照组明显升高(P0.01);Real-time PCR结果显示,模型组ACE2和MAS m RNA表达水平较对照组显著减少(P0.05);与对照组比较,模型组中SOD活性与GSH含量显著降低(P0.05或P0.01)。结论巨噬细胞泡沫化氧化损伤进程与ACE2及其下游受体MAS表达下调密切相关,提示ACE2具有一定的抗氧化作用,其机制可能与SOD及GSH有关。     

当归多糖对小鼠化学性肝损伤抗氧化酶及一氧化氮含量的影响

[目的]探讨当归多糖(angelica sinensis polysaccharide ASP)对CCL4肝损伤小鼠抗氧化酶、自由基和一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)的含量的影响。[方法]以4月龄昆明种小鼠为研究对象,分对照组、模型组和高、中、低当归多糖干预组,各组均给予常规饲料,自由饮水;干预组每天按体重用不同浓度的当归多糖灌胃,饲养7d,末次灌胃2h,正常对照组腹腔注射调和油溶液,其余各组腹腔注射0.15%CCl4调和油溶液,24h眼球取血,分离血清测ALT、AST。处死小鼠取出肝脏计算肝体指数,制备肝匀浆测定SOD、NOS活性和MDA及NO的含量。[结果]与模型组比较当归多糖能减轻化学性肝损伤小鼠炎性反应,降低MDA的含量(P﹤0.01)、增加SOD的活性(P﹤0.05～0.01),抑制NOS的活性和NO的含量(P﹤0.05～0.01)。[结论]当归多糖对CCL4肝损伤有保护作用。     

葡萄汁与白黎芦醇对镉染毒小鼠抗氧化损伤作用的比较

目的 比较葡萄汁与单体白黎芦醇对镉染毒小鼠的抗氧化损伤作用和促排镉作用及其作用机制.方法 将32只5周龄清洁级昆明小鼠随机分为4组,分别为空白对照(双蒸水)组、镉染毒(50 mg/L)组、葡萄汁(含白藜芦醇65μg/ml)+镉染毒(50 mg/L)组、白藜芦醇(65μg/ml)+镉染毒(50 mg/L)组,每组8只,雌...     

多元抗氧化营养胶囊对自然衰老大鼠抗氧化功能的研究

目的:探讨多元抗氧化营养胶囊对自然衰老大鼠的抗氧化作用。方法:将40只Wistar老年雄性大鼠根据其血清丙二醛(MDA)含量分层随机分成4个组,每组10只,根据样品的人体推荐量设147、73、37 mg/kg BW(分别相当于人体推荐用量的20、10、5倍)3个剂量实验组,同时设一个阴性对照组。阴性对照组给予等体积的玉米胚芽油,每天灌胃一次,连续灌胃60 d。60 d后处死动物,留取血液和肝、脑组织,测定超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性和过氧化脂质含量(以MDA计)、脂褐质(Lip)含量。结果:多元抗氧化营养胶囊能降低大鼠的血清及肝组织匀浆液中过氧化脂质含量和肝组织匀浆液中的脂褐质含量,提高大鼠的血清和脑组织匀浆液中SOD及GSH-Px活力,对大鼠的体重无不良影响。结论:多元抗氧化营养胶囊具有抗氧化的功能。