Rhinobronchial syndrome: pathogenesis and correlation with allergic rhinitis in children

AIM: In the rhinobronchial syndrome a direct causal relationship exists between local nasal irritation and bronchopulmonary disease. Although allergic rhinitis has often been associated with lower airway hyperresponsiveness, no direct relationship between the two has been shown to date. The aim of this study was to determine the role of allergic rhinitis in the pathogenesis of the rhinobronchial syndrome in children by evaluating the effect of topical nasal treatment on lower airway hyperresponsiveness. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 168 children presenting with aeroallergy and nasal disease associated with bronchopulmonary disease (asthma, chronic cough, bronchopulmonary infection) were evaluated at baseline and at 1 year of follow-up. Nearly half (83) were noted to have signs of allergic rhinitis and were treated with topical nasal medications (cortisones and antihistamines). Changes in upper and lower airway diseases were evaluated and potential causal relationships established. RESULTS: Allergic rhinitis treatment improved nasal disease symptoms in 67 (80.7%) patients; partial remission or lower healing rates were found in those with asthma (16.4%) and chronic cough (11.1%). CONCLUSIONS: Although often associated with lower airway hyperresponsiveness, allergic rhinitis in children does not appear to be a pathogenetic factor, as confirmed by the scarce effect the nasal treatment had on the bronchopulmonary disease. Instead, the frequent co-existence of nasal and bronchial symptoms may come under the concept of global allergy of the airways.     

真菌性抗原致变应性鼻炎豚鼠模型建立

目的建立真菌性抗原致变应性鼻炎豚鼠模型。方法将24只豚鼠随机分为A、B、C三组,A、B组分别用不同剂量的真菌性抗原腹腔致敏,2周后分别用变应原鼻腔激发;C组作为对照组,用生理盐水代替变应原。激发后观察其行为学差异,并行鼻腔分泌物涂片和组织病理学检查。结果行为学得分,A组(6.13±0.99)明显高于B组(3.50±0.85)和C组(0.50±0.75),其差异有极显著意义(P<0.01);A组鼻分泌物和鼻黏膜固有层中见大量嗜酸粒细胞浸润。结论采用适量真菌性抗原可以成功建立具有典型症状和组织病理学改变的变应性鼻炎豚鼠模型。     

冠心病中医体质类型、客观化及临床应用研究进展

冠心病的发生、发展与中医体质存在密切关系.冠心病患者在遗传物质的差异、生长地域环境的不同等影响因素下表现出中医体质类型的差异性.诸多体质学研究发现冠心病患者以偏颇体质、兼夹体质为主.中医体质研究从宏观角度反映冠心病患者的疾病特质,中医体质分布规律的研究对冠心病的认识具有重要意义,本文就近10年来冠心病中医体质类型分布、...     

论医疗事故罪的犯罪构成及量刑

医疗事故罪的主体应为具有相应执业资格的医务人员;主观方面表现为过失;侵犯的主要客体是就诊人 员的生命健康权,次要客体是国家对医疗卫生工作的管理秩序;客观方面实施了严重不负责任的行为,并造成 了三级以上医疗事故的损害结果。医疗事故罪的法定刑轻于其他过失犯罪,这与罪刑相适应原则不符,应予完 善。     

促进新兵体能素质发展的实验研究

 目的研究发展新兵体能素质的有效方法,优化武警部队新兵体能训练方案.方法400名武警健康男性新兵随机分为对照组和实验组,实验组实施干预训练方案,对照组按部队现行方案组织训练.经8周训练后,对14项身体素质指标进行训练前后和组间的对比分析.结果实施干预训练8周后,7项力量素质测试指标实验组有6项显著高于对照组;3项耐力跑成绩实验组的提高幅度均大于对照组;5项体能素质的分级比较,实验组的优良率显著高于对照组.结论采用干预训练方案能够有效发展新兵的体能素质,训练效果优于部队现行训练方案.     

论小儿太阳病伤寒表实证之脉证并治

执小儿为“纯阳之体,所患热病最多”而滥用辛凉解表和清热解毒于儿科临床,是目前中医儿科界存在的普遍现象.本文从六经辨证的角度,分析了小儿太阳伤寒表证脉、证并治特点,提出小儿太阳伤寒表实证（外感风寒表证）当及时使用辛温解表法之麻黄汤、葛根汤类,以获“体若燔炭,汗出而散”之效.     

The Prevalence of Allergic Rhinitis among 11-15 Years-old Children in Shiraz

Background: Allergic rhinitis is one of the most common forms of allergic disorders affecting children. The prevalence rate of allergic rhinitis differs among countries and even among regions within the same country.   Objectives: To determine the prevalence of childhood allergic rhinitis and the presence and significance of eosinophilia in nasal secretions.   Method: 4584 children aged 11-15 years-old of both sexes with allergic rhinitis were studied. The study was done during a four-season period. After physical examination of the nose, smear was taken from nasal secretions and it was stained. The results compared with nasal smears related to 340 healthy children controls.   Results: 445 cases (9.7%) were diagnosed as having allergic rhinitis, on the basis of clinical criteria. Significant nasal eosinophilia was present in 274 (62%) of children with allergic rhinitis. 226 students (5.8%) of Shiraz school children had proven or classic allergic rhinitis.   Conclusion: Allergic rhinitis is one of the major health problems among children in Shiraz. Eosinophilia of nasal secretions had a diagnostic specificity of 96% and sensitivity of 62% and seems to be having a moderate value as screening test for nasal allergy.     

盐酸丙卡特罗治疗过敏性鼻炎的疗效观察

目的：观察盐酸丙卡特罗（美普清）治疗过敏性鼻炎的疗效。方法：采用单盲随机对照法。试验组用（盐酸丙卡特罗）50ug bid共264例,对照组用阿司咪唑（息思敏10mgqd,共122例,两组均连续服用两周。结果：盐酸丙卡特罗组有效率为82%,阿司咪唑组有效率为88%,无显著差异。结论：盐酸丙卡特罗不仅是支气管扩张剂,还有一定抗过敏作用,对治疗过敏性鼻炎有较好的疗效。