大承气汤对急性呼吸窘迫综合征大鼠血小板及凝血系统的作用

[目的]通过观察大承气汤对急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)大鼠血小板及凝血系统的作用,探讨其防治ARDS的机理,为临床用药提供依据。[方法]清洁级大鼠24只,分为对照组,模型组和治疗组。每天灌胃2次,7日后检测血小板和凝血系统的变化。[结果]三组的平均血小板体积及活化部分凝血酶时间有明显差异(P<0·01)血小板计数,凝血酶时间及凝血酶原时间有明显差异(P<0·05)。[结论]大承气汤可通过影响大鼠血小板和凝血系统而使大鼠肺部微血栓减少。大承气汤可通过影响大鼠血小板和凝血系统从而有效地治疗大鼠急性呼吸窘迫综合征。     

白介素-8与急性呼吸窘迫综合征

白细胞介素8(IL-8)是由多种细胞合成与分泌的一种细胞因子,具有很强的中性粒细胞化学趋化作用.急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)患者的血清及支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中IL-8水平均明显升高,它参与了肺内白细胞的募集、活化以及黏附分子的表达,在ARDS发病机制中起着重要作用.     

白蛋白输注对重症胰腺炎伴ARDS患者术中影响的研究

目的 观察、比较不同成份液体输注在重症胰腺炎伴ARDS患者术中的应用效果.方法 选取该院行胰腺坏死组织清除术的重症胰腺炎伴ARDS患者60例,随机分为对照组与观察组各30例,对照组术中予林格液输注,观察组予白蛋白输注,比较2组患者输注前后气道峰压、中心静脉压、呼吸参数、胸肺顺应性及多巴胺用量.结果 观察组输注后的气道峰压、中心静脉压、呼吸参数、胸肺顺应性均优于对照组,多巴胺用量低于对照组,2组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 白蛋白输注对重症胰腺炎伴ARDS患者术中的效果较佳,对心肺功能的作用更为积极,故价值更高.     

Silicone pneumonitis,diffuse alveolar hemorrhage and acute respiratory distress syndrome from gluteal silicone injections

Fatal complications from illegal cosmetic injection of nonmedical-grade liquid silicone (polydimethylsiloxane) by unlicensed providers are becoming more common. Silicone embolization syndrome (SES) can rapidly progress to pneumonitis and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage. Prompt and aggressive management with high-dose steroids and lung-protective ventilation strategies to minimize acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) can be lifesaving. We present the case of a patient presenting with abdominal pain and shortness of breath who quickly developed respiratory failure. The patient recently had received bilateral gluteal silicone injections from an unlicensed provider.     

机械通气救治创伤性急性呼吸窘迫综合症一例

对创伤性急性呼吸窘迫综合症患者的成功救治工作进行回顾,着重分析机械通气的应用过程,总结使用肺保护性机械通气、肺复张术等经验。     

Expression of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase in Human Lungs

The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in lungs of patients with or without adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We compared the expression of iNOS by immunohistochemical analysis and polymerase chain reaction in the human lungs collected during open-lung biopsy or at autopsy. The expression of iNOS mRNA was present in all lung samples; however, only 3 out of 11 lung samples showed weak staining for iNOS. Although the involvement of nitric oxide in animal models of ARDS is reported, production of nitric oxide in human lungs is still controversial. The data presented here suggest that human lungs express iNOS mRNA but that the production of iNOS protein may be tightly regulated and is expressed in pulmonary inflammation.     

Calcineurin inhibitors revisited: A new paradigm for COVID-19?

The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can cause mild, moderate or severe disease (COVID-19). In severe disease, there is hyperinflammation causing severe symptoms. Severe COVID-19 is an immunological phenomenon, rather than a direct viral damage disease. Therapies for COVID-19 are all investigational therapies. In case of severe disease, treatment with a calcineurin inhibitor could be promising. In this article we explain the mechanisms of calcineurin inhibitor treatment for COVID-19, based on experiences seen in solid organ transplant recipients who suffered from COVID-19.