Monoterpene phenolic compound thymol prevents high fat diet induced obesity in murine model

Context: Obesity has become a worldwide health problem. Most of the synthetic anti-obesity drugs have failed to manage the obesity due to either ineffectiveness or adverse effect. The research of prominent chemical constituents from herbal for the management of obesity has greatly increased.

Objective: The main objective of the present study was intended to examine the effects of thymol in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity in murine model.

Methods: Male Wistar rats were fed HFD for 6 weeks to induce obesity. Thymol (14?mg/kg) administered orally twice a day to HFD-fed rats for 4 weeks. Alteration in body weight gain, visceral fat-pads weight and serum biochemical markers were assessed.

Results: At the end of study, rats fed with HFD exhibited significantly (p?p?thymol treatment showed significantly decreased serum lipid peroxidation and increased antioxidant levels in HFD-induced obese rats.

Discussion and conclusions: Thymol prevents HFD-induced obesity in murine model through several mechanisms including attenuation of visceral fat accumulation, lipid lowering action, improvement of insulin and leptin sensitivity and enhanced antioxidant potential.     

牛至油注射亚微乳中3种成分的含量测定

目的：通过HPLC法测定牛至油注射亚微乳中3种成分（麝香草酚、香荆芥酚、对聚伞花素）的含量。方法：采用Kromasil 100-5 C₁₈ column为分析柱,流动相为乙腈-0.2%磷酸水溶液（54∶46）,检测波长274 nm,柱温30℃,流速1.0 mL·min^-1。结果：香荆芥酚在0.48~7.2 μg的范围内线性关系良好,线性方程为：Y=319.09X+0.425 1,r²=1;麝香草酚在1.04~15.6 μg的范围内线性关系良好,线性方程为：Y=690.09X+0.353 4,r²=1;对聚伞花素在1.88~28.2 μg的范围内线性关系良好,线性方程为：Y=115.15X-18.037,r²=0.999 9。测得牛至油注射亚微乳中香荆芥酚的含量为1.033 mg·mL^-1,麝香草酚的含量为4.561 mg·mL^-1,对-聚伞花素的含量为0.185 mg·mL^-1。结论：该方法快速、准确、重复性好、分离度高,可同时测定3种成分的含量,可用于牛至油注射亚微乳的质量控制。     

Antibacterial activity and mechanism of action of Monarda punctata essential oil and its main components against common bacterial pathogens in respiratory tract

The aim of the current research work was to study the chemical composition of the essential oil of Monarda punctata along with evaluating the essential oil and its major components for their antibacterial effects against some frequently encountered respiratory infection causing pathogens. Gas chromatographic mass spectrometric analysis revealed the presence of 13 chemical constituents with thymol (75.2%), p-cymene (6.7%), limonene (5.4), and carvacrol (3.5%) as the major constituents. The oil composition was dominated by the oxygenated monoterpenes. Antibacterial activity of the essential oil and its major constituents (thymol, p-cymene, limonene) was evaluated against Streptococcus pyogenes, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Escherichia coli. The study revealed that the essential oil and its constituents exhibited a broad spectrum and variable degree of antibacterial activity against different strains. Among the tested strains, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli and Streptococcus pneumoniae were the most susceptible bacterial strain showing lowest MIC and MBC values. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was the most resistant bacterial strain to the essential oil treatment showing relatively higher MIC and MBC values. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the essential oil induced potent and dose-dependent membrane damage in S. pyogenes and MRSA bacterial strains. The reactive oxygen species generated by the Monarda punctata essential oil were identified using 2’, 7’-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFDA).This study indicated that the Monarda punctata essential oil to a great extent and thymol to a lower extent triggered a substantial increase in the ROS levels in S. pyogenes bacterial cultures which ultimately cause membrane damage as revealed by SEM results.     

曲安奈德新霉素贴膏中麝香草酚含量测定方法的建立

目的：建立曲安奈德新霉素贴膏处方中麝香草酚的含量测定方法。方法：首先,通过正己烷溶解膏剂,90%乙醇萃取的方法提取贴膏剂中的麝香草酚,然后建立高效液相色谱法测定其含量,色谱条件为： Kromasil C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),柱温：30℃,流动相：甲醇-0.2 %乙酸(45:55),流速：1.0 ml.min^-1,进样量：20μl,检测波长：276 nm。     

麝香草酚电化学检测方法的研究

目的建立麝香草酚的电化学检测方法,并用于麝香草酚的含量测定。方法循环伏安法（CV）、差分脉冲伏安法（DPV）。结果在0.10mol.L-1的Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4（pH=9.0）缓冲溶液中,0.050V/S的扫描速度下,麝香草酚的峰电流与其浓度在4.0×10-5～1.6×10-4mol.L-1的范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为1.6×10-4mol.L-1。结论该方法准确、可靠,操作简便、快速,可以作为麝香草酚含量测定方法。     

气相色谱法同时测定无极膏中5个挥发性有效成分的含量

目的:建立同时测定无极膏中合成樟脑、薄荷脑、水杨酸甲酯、冰片和麝香草酚5种主要成分含量的分析方法。方法:采用气相色谱法,色谱柱为聚乙二醇(PEG)-20M毛细管色谱柱(30 m×0.32 mm×0.25μm),检测器为FID检测器,进样口温度为250℃,检测器温度为250℃。升温程序为初始温度150℃,保持5 min;10℃.min-1升温至200℃,保持8 min;再以20℃.min-1升温至240℃,保持25 min,分流比为10∶1。结果:合成樟脑、薄荷脑、水杨酸甲酯、冰片和麝香草酚浓度分别在1.4934～7.4672 mg.mL-1(r=0.9999),0.9304～4.6520 mg.mL-1(r=0.9999),0.9075～4.5376 mg.mL-1(r=0.9999),0.1387～0.6936 mg.mL-1(r=0.9999),0.0716～0.3580 mg.mL-1(r=0.9999)质量浓度范围内线性关系良好。平均回收率(n=9)分别为98.8%,99.4%,98.6%,99.6%,99.7%。结论:该方法灵敏、快速简便、准确,可有效地控制无极膏的质量。